Kungaba namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol okwandisa ingozi yakho yokushaya isifo?
Njengalezi ezinye izici, ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephakeme ingase futhi ikhulise ingozi yakho yokushaya isifo.
I-cholesterol ingumuthi we-waxy ofaka isandla ekwakheni ama-deposits, abizwa ngokuthi ama-plaque, ngaphakathi kwemithwalo yegazi. Ama-plaques angakwazi ukubuthelela emithanjeni ye-coronary, ehambisa umoya-mpilo enhliziyweni, nasemithambo ye-carotid, ehambisa oksijini ebuchosheni.
Kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu , isifo sikashukela , ukubhema nokukhuluphala, amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol asungulwe kahle njengengozi engozini ye- coronary disease for both men and women. Njengalezi ezinye izici, i-cholesterol nayo iyakhathazeka ngesifo .
Njengoba nje ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kungenzeka uma omunye we-coronary arteries elula futhi evinjiwe, ukushaywa noma "ukuhlaselwa kobuchopho," kungabangela ukuvinjelwa komshini ohlinzeka oksijini ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwangaphambili kule ndawo luye lwafaka iziphetho ezixubene ngendima ye-cholesterol ngesifo sohlangothi.
I-Cholesterol ne-Stroke - Indaba Eyinkimbinkimbi
Ukuxhuma phakathi kwe-cholesterol nokushaywa kanzima kuyinkimbinkimbi ngoba ubuhlobo babo buhluka ngokususelwa kuhlobo lokushaya kwesisu nokuthi uhlobo lwe-cholesterol oluhilelekile.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu ze-stroke. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-stroke, isifo so- ischemic , lubangelwa ukuvinjelwa kwegazi. Izimo eziyingozi zokushaywa kwe-ischemic, kuhlanganise ne-cholesterol ephakeme, zifana nalezo zifo zenhliziyo.
Olunye uhlobo olukhulu lwe-stroke, isifo esiwumhubhe , kubangelwa ukuqhuma kwesitsha segazi, esiya ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yalolu hlobo lwe-stroke, i-cholesterol ephakeme ijwayele ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaya isifo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinga e-cholesterol aphakanyisiwe ayingozi - hhayi enkulu kunazo zonke, mhlawumbe, kodwa ngokuqinisekile isici esiyingozi.
Esinye isici esibalulekile: Akuyona yonke i-cholesterol efanayo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cholesterol zingaba nemiphumela ehluke kakhulu emzimbeni. I-LDL yi-"cholesterol embi" ngokuphathelene nokukwazi kwayo ukulimaza inhliziyo nobuchopho futhi iyinhlangano enkulu ekuthuthukiseni i-artifial plaque. Amazinga we-LDL cholesterol engaphezu kwama-milligram angu-130 nge-deciliter (mg / dL) axhunyiwe engozini yokwanda kwesifo so-ischemic.
I-HDL , ngakolunye uhlangothi, "yi-cholesterol enhle." Amazinga we-HDL angaphezu kuka-35 mg / dL avikela ngokumelene nesifo sochungechunge ngokusiza isikebhe i-LDL esiqebeni nasaphandle kwegazi futhi ngokusiza ukuzinzisa amapulethi akhona. Amazinga aphezulu we-HDL aqhubeka engeza ukuvikelwa, nezinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu ezinikezwe amazinga we-HDL ngaphezu kuka-60 mg / dL. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinga we-HDL angaphansi kuka-35 mg / dL afaka engozini yokuhlaselwa.
Indima Ye-Cholesterol-Ukunciphisa Imithi
Imithi esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol - ikakhulukazi, iklasi yezidakamizwa eyaziwa ngokuthi izitembu - ziye zaboniswa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba nesifo sohlangothi futhi inganciphisa ukuqina kwesifo, uma kwenzeka. Ngokunciphisa amazinga e-LDL, izitembu nezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-cholesterol kusiza ukuvimbela ukubunjwa kwe-plaque futhi, futhi, isifo sohlangothi nesifo senhliziyo.
Eqinisweni, izitembu ziye zaboniswa ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa izifo ezigulini ezinezinga elivamile le-cholesterol.
Izitatimende nazo zisiza ukuqiniswa kwamakhokhethi asepakile asekhona. Izitatimende zisiza ukwenza ama-plates amancane angamafutha futhi afinyelele ngokwengeziwe, okwenza kube nzima ukumelana nokuphuka. Uma i-plaque iphuka, izingcezu ze-plaque zikhululekile futhi zithathwa emgodleni wegazi, lapho zingafaka khona emithanjeni ehambisa oksijini ebuchosheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-plaque ephukile ingabangela igazi ukuba liveze, okwenza kube khona ingozi yokuvinjelwa kwegazi. Izitatimende, nokho, zinciphisa ukuvuvukala nokusiza ukuvimbela ama-clots ekwakheni.
Ucwaningo olunzulu luye lwakha ubudlelwane obucacile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwama-statins kanye nokwehla kwesifo sohlangothi. Ukuhlaziywa kwesinye se-meta (isifundo esichaza imiphumela yezifundo eziningana) sithole ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-statin kunciphisa ingozi ye-stroke ngamaphesenti angu-21 nokuthi ukunciphisa kwamaphesenti angu-10 emazingeni e-LDL kubangele ukunciphisa amaphesenti angu-15,6 kokungcupheni kwesifo.
Izifundo zezimiso ezithile zibonise imiphumela emanga kakhulu. Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwathola ukuthi nakuba izitebhisi zinikeza ukunciphisa ngokujwayelekile engozini yokushaywa yisifo, inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke kubonakala kulabo abangakaze bahlaselwe isifo sangaphambili. Nakuba ama-statins anikezela izinzuzo kulabo asebevele benesifo esisodwa noma isisindo esincane, umthelela uba buthakathaka.
Ezinye imithi yokunciphisa i-cholesterol ayihambisani nokurekhoda kwama-statins. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo ezincane zibonise imiphumela yokuzivikela, ikakhulukazi ngokusiza ukukhulisa izinga le-cholesterol ye-HDL. Ucwaningo olulodwa lwe-Lopid (gemfibrozil), isibonelo, lubonise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kweLipid kuncishise ingozi yokushaywa ngamaphesenti ngamaphesenti angu-31 - ngezinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu ezibonwa ezigulini ezinezinga eliphansi le-HDL.
Imihlahlandlela yeCholesterol Yokunciphisa Ingozi Yokushaywa Isisu
Imikhombandlela yamanje ibeka imigomo efanayo ye-cholesterol yokunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa isifo kanye nenengozi ye-coronary disease. Lezi ziqondiso ngokuvamile zincoma ukuthi abantu abangenayo isifo senhliziyo esingekho futhi abangabhemi futhi abangenayo ezinye izifo zengozi yesifo senhliziyo (ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala, umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo) kufanele bagcine inani le-cholesterol eliphelele elingaphansi kuka-240 mg / dL, ne-LDL ngaphansi kwe-160 mg / dL ne-HDL ngaphezulu kuka-40 mg / dL.
Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezinkinga zempilo yenhliziyo bayelulekwa ukuba bahlose amazinga we-cholesterol angcono ukuvikela kangcono ukulwa nesifo senhliziyo nokushaywa yisifo. Laba bantu kufanele balondoloze inani le-cholesterol elingaphansi kwe-200 mg / dL, ne-LDL ngezansi kwe-100 mg / dL, ne-HDL ngaphezu kuka 60 mg / dL.
> Imithombo:
> Navi BB, Segal AZ. "Indima ye-cholesterol nama-statins ngokushaywa yisifo." I-Curr Cardiol Rep. 2009 Jan; 11 (1): 4-11.
> Tanaka T, Okamura T > .. > "Izinga le-cholesterol yegazi kanye nengozi yokushaywa yisifo emiphakathini yomphakathi noma esebenzayo: ukubuyekezwa kwezifundo zaseJapan eminyakeni emibili edlule." I-Keio J Med. 2012; 61 (3): 79-88.
> Isiqondiso se-ACC / AHA sika-2013 ekwelapheni kwegazi le-cholesterol ukunciphisa ingozi ye-Atherosclerotic Inhliziyo kubantu abadala. Ukujikeleza. 2014; 129: S1-S45 Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi ngaphambi kokuphrinta ngoNovemba 12, 2013, i: 10.1161 / 01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a