Ubuhlungu bamehlo bubabili buphazamise futhi bukhubekise. Isizathu sezinhlungu zeso ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nzima ukuyihlolisisa. Uma ubuhlungu bamehlo bubangelwa ukulimala, imbangela ihle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma uvuka ekuseni ngezinhlungu zeso, kungaba okuphazamisayo ngempela. Okubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi ubuhlungu buvele bukhuni noma buya kancane kancane.
Ingabe ubuhlungu bubukhali kakhulu noma bunjengokuphefumula okuncane? Ingabe ubuhlungu buzwa sengathi buvela ebusweni, eduze kweso, ngemuva kwamehlo noma ijwabu leso? Nazi izimbangela ezimbalwa ezivamile zokuzwa kweso.
Ubuhlungu iso lungavela ezingxenyeni eziningana ezahlukene zeso:
• I- Cornea : Iwindi elicacile phambi kweso lakho eligxila ekukhanyeni
• I- Sclera : Abomhlophe bamehlo akho
• I- Conjunctiva : Isembozo esincane esincane se-sclera yakho nasingaphakathi kwejwabu leso
• Iris : Ingxenye enemibala yeso lakho, nomfundi ophakathi
• I- Orbit : Umhume wamabhomu (isikhombiso seso) ekhanda lakho lapho iso ne-muscle yalo zikhona.
• Imisipha ye-extraocular : Bajikeleza iso lakho.
• Izishukela : Zithwala ulwazi olubukwayo emehlweni akho ebuchosheni bakho.
• Amapilisi : Ukumbozwa ngaphandle okuvikela nokusabalala umswakama phezu kwamehlo akho.
Izimbangela Ezincane Zobuhlungu Bamehlo
I-Stye - I- stye , noma i-hordeolum, ngokuvamile iqala njengejwabu leso elihle kakhulu elithintekayo.
Kungaba buhlungu kakhulu uma kuqala. Nakuba ukubukeka kwe-stye kungase kungabonakali ngezinye izikhathi, ngokuvamile akulimazi. I-stye i-bump encane ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi kwejwabu leso. I-stye ivela e-follicle yama-eyelash noma i-i-eyisidi ye-i-huland ekhishwa ngamafutha amaningi, ama-debris noma ama-bacteria.
Izitembu zingaba yinkimbinkimbi kodwa kubonakala sengathi zilethwe ngokucindezeleka.
I-corneal abrasion - I-corneal abrasion i-scneatch ebusweni be-cornea, isakhiwo esicacile se-dome-like on the front of the eye. Ngokuvamile, ukulimala kubangele ukubhujiswa kwe-corneal, ukususa ungqimba ophezulu we-cornea. Kodwa-ke, uma ukulimala kunzima kakhulu futhi kulimaza ukwesaba kwesibili kwe-cornea, ukuguguleka komzimba okuqhubekayo kwenzeka. Ukuqeda amandla kungaphilisa kodwa esikhathini esithile kamuva, izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka, iziguli zivame ukuvulwa phakathi nobusuku noma ekuseni ngokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu. Ukulimala kuvula kabusha futhi kunenkathi enzima yokuphulukisa.
Umzimba wangaphandle - Ngezinye izikhathi ucezu, inhlabathi noma imfucumfucu ingaba ngeso. Ngezikhathi eziningi indlela yethu yokukhanyisa kanye nezinyembezi zenza umsebenzi omuhle wokuxosha ama-debris, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi umzimba wangaphandle ungangena ngaphansi kwejwabu leso. Njalo uma ubhala, ama-debris angashaya i-cornea yakho, ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngisho nengxenye ye-glitter ingafakwa ngaphansi kwejwabu leso noma i-cornea futhi idale ubuhlungu obukhulu beso.
Iso elimile - Ukuba nomama omile kungadala ubuhlungu beso. I-cornea igcwele izinzwa ezinika iso nesimo sengqondo. Lapho ubuso beso bhala ngokwanele, i-cornea ingaba nezindawo ezinzima okuthiwa i-keratitis.
Lokhu kungase kube nomuzwa wokuthi ubuhlungu obufushane kakhulu, obubukhali emehlweni. Kuvame ukufika nokuya kodwa kungabuye kube njalo.
Ubuhlungu besisu kanye nezinkinga zesinus - Izinkinga zekhanda nezinkinga zesiniso ziyimbangela evamile kakhulu yobuhlungu noma ukucindezelwa ngemuva kweso. Abaningi bethu baye babhekana nalokhu futhi kuvame ukuba nesimo uma benesibindi futhi bexazulula ngemuva kokuphathwa kwekhanda noma isifo. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwe-sinus kuye kwaziwa ukuthi kunzima kakhulu kangangokuba ukutheleleka kuhlasela izicubu ezizungezile ngaphandle kwesikhumba se-sinus. Ngenxa yalokho, ukutheleleka kwesono akufanele kunganakwa.
Izinkinga zoxhumene nabo - Ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana nsuku zonke (noma isikhathi esingeziwe) kungenza ukuba amehlo aphule futhi avele abomvu.
Abanye abantu bathuthukisa amehlo abomile axhumene ne-lens, okwenza kube nzima ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana kahle. Qaphela ukuthi ukugqoka ama-lenti okuxhumana isikhathi eside kungabangela umbono obonakalayo, ubuhlungu, nokubomvu ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-oksijeni okudlulayo kuye.
Izimbangela Ezinzima Zobuhlungu Bamehlo
I-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle enhle kakhulu - Amacala amaningi e-glaucoma awadala neze izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, i-glaucoma engavamile kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-glaucoma yokuvala ama-acute ngokuvamile ivela ngokungazelelwe futhi idala ubuhlungu obukhulu beso. Iziguli zivame ukukhononda ngokubomvu kweso futhi ngokuvamile zibona ama-halos nezimboza zemvula ezungeze izibani ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Kulolu hlobo lwe-glaucoma, ipayipi lokudonsa iso livale futhi uketshezi olugcwalisa iso alukwazi ukukhipha kahle. Ukucindezela kwakha iso ngokushesha futhi kubangela ubuhlungu kweso nokuvuvukala. Lesi sifo sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha noma ukulahlekelwa kombono kungenzeka.
I-neuritis esebenzayo - I-neuritis esebenzayo i-inflammation ye-nertic optic. Nakuba i-optic neuritis ingavela ezimbangela eziningana, iye yaxhunyaniswa ne-multiple sclerosis. Ngokuthakazelisayo, iziguli zikhononda ngokunciphisa embonweni kodwa futhi nobuhlungu ekuhambeni kwamehlo. Ubuhlungu bukhona ngokunyakaza kwamehlo ngoba inzwa ye-optic ifana nekhebula elixhuma iso ebuchosheni. Njengoba iso lihambela emuva nangaphandle, le nerve ibuyele emuva futhi iphinde ivuke, ubuhlungu bungenzeka.
I-Uveitis - i-Uveitis ukuvuvukala ikamelo elingaphakathi, igumbi eligcwele lamanzi eligcwele ngaphambili kweso. I-Uveitis ivame ukwenzeka ngeso elilodwa futhi ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu beso. Futhi, iziguli zikhononda ngokuzwela okukhulu ukukhanya. Uveitis ingaphathwa ngempumelelo nge-steroids ezimweni eziningi. Kodwa-ke, uma i-uveitis ihlala isikhathi eside, ezinye izinkinga zingenzeka njenge-glaucoma.
Ukwelashwa Kwamehlo
Ukwelashwa kwezikhungo zobuhlungu zamehlo okuzungeze ukuthi yini ebangela ubuhlungu beso. Kubalulekile ukuthi ubone i-optometrist noma i-ophthalmologist ukucacisa umthombo wezinhlungu zeso. Kwezinye izimo, kungenziwa kalula ukulungiswa ekuvakasheni kwehhovisi elifushane. Isibonelo, esinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zobuhlungu beso ngumzimba wangaphandle ohlangene ngaphansi kwejwabu leso eliphezulu. Njalo uma ubonakala, umzimba wangaphandle ngaphansi kwesigqebhezana ugxuma ubuso bokuqala be-cornea. Udokotela angabona lokhu kalula ngaphansi kwethuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-biometric lamp lamp. Isibonakaliso ababonayo ngaphansi kwe-microscope ibizwa ngokuthi ukulandelela komzimba wangaphandle. Udokotela kalula upheqa ijwabu leso futhi asuse i-agent ekhubazayo futhi isiguli ngokushesha siphumelela ukukhulula.
Ngezinye izikhathi awukwazi ukufika ehhovisi likadokotela ngokushesha. Zama izixazululo ezilandelayo uze ukwazi ukuzenza ekuqokweni kwakho:
• Ukucindezeleka kwamazinyo : Ukucindezela kwamafutha kungabangela ukuphumula okusheshayo kobuhlungu nokuvuvukala kweso elibuhlungu. Ungasebenzisa i-washcloth ebandayo, noma iphakethe leqhwa elisetshenziselwa ukulimala kwezemidlalo. Ukucindezeleka kwamazinyo kuhle kakhulu ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu obuhambisana nemilenze yeso.
Izinyembezi zokufakelwa "Ezifakiwe" : Izinyembezi zokufakelwa ezitholakalayo ziyatholakala esitolo sakho sezidakamizwa. Odokotela batusa izinyembezi zokufakelwa kaningi ngenxa yeso elomile. Phonsa ibhodlela lakho lezinyembezi zokufakelwa esiqandisini ngehora. Kuye ngesimo, izinyembezi eziqhenywayo "ngezinye izikhathi" zinciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma obungcono kunamahlumela ehlohlo lokubulala ubuhlungu.
• Ukucindezela okufudumele : Imiphumela yokunciphisa ubuhlungu bokufudumala noma ukushisa idume ngokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi unamaphutha ngemuva bese ubeka uphethiloli wokushisa. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi ubuhlungu buhamba ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngenxa yezimo eziningi zamehlo, ezinjengama-styes, ukucindezela okufudumele kunciphisa ubuhlungu ngokushesha. Ukucindezela okufudumele kuhle kakhulu ubuhlungu be-sinus obuhlobene neso.
• I- patch ye-Eye : Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu buyancishiswa uma unciphisa ijwabu leso. Beka i-patch ye-eye noma uthayiphe ijwabu leso nge-tape yezokwelapha. Njengesibonelo sethu ngenhla, uma unomzimba wangaphandle esweni lakho, ukunciphisa ikhono lokuchofoza kuzokwenyula ukunciphisa. Ukuthinta iso ukuvala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa kugxilile emiphakathini ethile yezokwelapha. Ama-bacteria angahluma ezindaweni ezimnyama, ezifudumele njengejubane ne-patch pressure. Ungayishiyi i-patched isikhathi esingaphezulu kwamahora ambalwa ngaphandle kokubona udokotela we-eye.
• Igumbi elibumnyama : Izibani ezikhanyayo zingakusiza ukuba uzwele kakhulu ezimweni ezifana ne-corneal abrasions noma uveitis.
Uma usufika ehhovisi le-dokotela wezilanga, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa i-anesthetic drop eye eye ebizwa ngokuthi i-proparacaine noma i-tetracaine ukuze igubhe iso lakho. Lokhu kusebenza ngemizuzwana futhi kungaletha ubuhlungu ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, akuhlali isikhathi eside. Nakuba kuhle okwesikhathi esifushane, lawa mahlumela eso akufanele nanini abekwe ngokuqondile isiguli. Ukuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe kwe-anesthetics yezobuciko kungabangela "ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-anesthetic keratopathy." Ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside kulezi zinhlayizi kungabangela ukuthi i-corneal yakho iyancibilika futhi mhlawumbe idale ubuhlungu obungapheli ngisho nokuphuphuthekisa. Odokotela bangahle banikeze i-NSAID noma ama-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, amaconsi asehlosiza okusiza ukulawula ubuhlungu beso. Lezi zisebenza kahle, kodwa nazo, akufanele zibekwe isikhathi eside. Nakuba kuphephile ukudlula i-anesthetic iso, ama-NSAID angabangela nezinkinga ze-cornea uma kunqunywe ukuphikisana okungalungile noma isikhathi eside kakhulu.Uminye imithi ingabuye ibekwe ukuphatha isimo esibuhlungu esibangela ubuhlungu beso. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngezinye izikhathi usizi lwamehlo luvela ezintweni ezilula, kanti ngezinye izikhathi, lungaba lubi kakhulu. Uma ubuhlungu bamehlo buqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa, kufanele ubone udokotela weso.
Izwi elivela
Ubuhlungu beso buvela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene. Kungumqondo omuhle ukufuna iseluleko sedokotela wezilanga uma ubuhlungu beso buqhubeka. Ngisho noma ngemuva kwamahora noma ngezimpelasonto, ungafisi ngokubiza udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Isimo sakho singaba nzima futhi sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Imithombo:
1. Kunimoto, uDerek Y, Kunal D Kanitkar, uMary Makar, Mark Friedberg noChristopher Rapuano. I-Wills Eye Manual, iHhovisi kanye Neziguli Eziphuthumayo Ukuthola Ukuhlolwa Nokuphathwa Kwezifo Zesiso, I-Edition Yane. ULippincott Williams & Wilkins, ngo-2004.
2. UTyler, Julie, Izimiso zokuLawula i-Ocular Pain,, uJulie Tyler, OD, Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Optometry. NgoJanuwari 2016.