Uma utshelwe ukuthi wena noma othandekayo une-hemothorax, mhlawumbe usaba kakhulu. Iyini i-hemothorax, yiziphi ezinye zezimbangela, futhi ziphathwa kanjani? Esikhathini esiningi isikhathi i-hemothorax iqala endaweni lapho umuntu esesibhedlela, njengokungathi ngemuva kokuhlinzeka ngamaphaphu, ngesifo sesifo samaphaphu, noma okulandela ukulimala. Uma i-hemothorax iqala, nokho, ngokuvamile kuvame ukudideka ekuqaleni ngoba kunezinto eziningi ezifana nezimpawu ze-hemothorax nezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula.
Yini okufanele uyazi njengoba ubhekene nalesi simo?
Sibutsetelo
I-hemothorax ichazwa ngokuthi ukuqoqwa kwegazi phakathi kwezingqimba ezifaka amaphaphu (i- pleura ). Ngokuya ngesibindi, igazi lingase livela emaphashini, inhliziyo, udonga lwesifuba, noma imithwalo yegazi enkulu ekhona esifubeni. Kucatshangwa ukuthi cishe amacala angu-300 000 we-hemothorax ayenzeka e-United States unyaka ngamunye ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa yedwa, ngokulimala kwesifuba kunamaphesenti angaba ngu-60 weziguli ezinokulimala okuningi.
Izimbangela
Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingabangela i-hemothorax. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
- I-trauma kuya esifubeni (lokhu kuyimbangela evamile kakhulu ye-hemothorax).
- Emphysema.
- Umdlavuza we-Lung, i- mesothelioma , namagciwane angama-metastatic (ekusakazeni) emaphashini.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba (okuvame ukulandela ukuhlinzwa kwamaphaphu nokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.)
- Ukuphikisana kwemisipha yamaphaphu.
- Ukutheleleka kwe-Lung ezifana nesifo sofuba.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokuphuza okuholela ekugqibeleni isikhathi eside.
- Ukuzibandakanya kwamapulmonary nokuphazamisa.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zingaba nzima ukuhlukanisa nakwezinye izimo ekuqaleni futhi zingafaka:
- Ukuphefumula okuncane kakhulu.
- Ukukhathazeka nokuphumula okukhulu.
- Izimpawu zokwethuka njengokulinganisa kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukucindezela kwegazi okuphansi, ukuphahlazeka, ukuphela okubandayo nokubuthakathaka.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba ngokuvamile bubukhali futhi buhluka ngokuma.
I-Workup Nokuhlola
Umlando oqaphele ungase unikeze izizathu ezithile embangela kanye nokuba khona kwe-hemothorax-njengesihlungu somkhuhlane noma ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba. Ohlangothini oluthintekile, imisindo yamaphaphu ingancipha noma ingekho. I-x-ray yesifuba esifanele ingasiza ekuxilongeni i-hemothorax, futhi ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo, njenge-chest CT kungacatshangwa. Uma kufakwe i-tube yamathumba, umthamo we-fluid ungase uhlolwe ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwegazi emgodini wesikhala futhi uqhubeke ubheka izimbangela ezikhona.
Ukuhlolwa kwe- pleural fluid kungasiza futhi. Ukuze lokhu oketshezi lubekwe njenge-hemothorax, i-hematocrit ye-pleural fluid kufanele ibe okungenani amaphesenti angu-50 we-hematocrit yegazi lomzimba (igazi elihlolwe ngokuthatha isampula kusuka emthonjeni).
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwe-hemothorax ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuqiniswa komuntu bese ufaka ithebhu yesifuba ukukhipha igazi nomoya owakhiwe noma owakhiwa phakathi kwamagundane emaphazamini emgodini wesikhala .
Ngokuvamile, i-hemothorax iwumphumela wokuhlukumezeka okungahambi kahle noma okufakelayo esifubeni. Uma kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuhlukunyezwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa nokuphatha imbangela eyimbangela.
Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu lesifuba njengengxenye ye-thoracostomy esizwa ngevidiyo (ukuhlinzwa okuncane okungenasidingo lapho kwenziwa khona ukucubungula okuncane esifubeni kanye nokuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngalezi zici ezincane ngokusebenzisa ikhamera.
Kwabanye abantu abahlinzwa, i-thoracotomy iyadingeka ukuze ifinyelele emthonjeni futhi ilawule ukuphuma kwegazi, ikakhulukazi ekubekeni kwe-hemothorax enkulu noma uma umthombo wokugaya kungenakuqinisekiswa.
Izinkinga
Kulabo bantu abathola ukwelashwa, inamba encane ishiywe i- empyema (iqoqo le-pus phakathi kwezingqimba ezifaka amaphaphu) noma ukukhishwa kwe-pleura (pleural fibrosis). I-Fibrosis ingabangela izimpawu zesikhathi eside zokuphefumula kwabanye abantu.
Nge-empyema, ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo kungenziwa ukuze kususwe i-pus nokuvimbela okunye uketshezi namagciwane ukungena esifubeni. Ukwelashwa kwe-fibrosis ngokuyinhloko kusekela njengoba i-fibrosis ivame ukungenakwenzeka.
Lokho kusho ukuthi ukwelashwa okuvela ekuvuseleleni kwe-pulmonary kuya ekuqeqesheni ukuphefumula kungaba usizo ekubuyiseleni izinga eliphezulu lokuphila okunokwenzeka.
Isibikezelo
Umphumela we-hemothorax unqunywa kokubili kokuphuma kwegazi, kanye nesisusa esiyinhloko. Kubantu abasebenzisa i-hemothorax ngenxa ye-traumatic traum, ukubikezela okujwayelekile kubalulekile kakhulu, futhi kuhle kakhulu uma i-hemothorax ingaphathwa ngendlela efanele.
> Imithombo:
> Aktas, A. et al. I-Transthoracic biopsy yamaphaphu amaningi: Izinto ezingezona ezobuchwepheshe ezithinta ukucindezeleka okwenzekayo. I-Cancer Thoracic . 2015. 6 (2): 151-8.
> Broderick, S. Hemothorax: Etiology, ukuxilongwa, nokuphathwa. Imitholampilo yezokwelapha . 2013. 23 (1): 89-96.
> Mancini, M et al. I-Hemothorax. I-Medscape . Kubuyekezwe ngo-10/15/14.
> Morgan, C., Bashoura, L., Balachndran, D., no A. Saadia. Hemothorax okungajwayelekile. Amanothi we-American Thoracic Society . 2015. 12 (10): 1578-1582.
> Patrini, D. et al. I-Etiology kanye nokuphathwa kwe-haemothorax engavamile. I-Journal ye-Thoracic Disease . 2015. 7 (3): 520-6.