Incazelo, Izimpawu, Ukwelapha Nokuvimbela Mesothelioma
Sibutsetelo
I-Mesothelioma ingumdlavuza ongavamile, onama-2 000 amasha amasha atholakele e-United States unyaka ngamunye - kodwa izenzakalo zawo ziyanda emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokudabukisayo, izimo eziningi zalesi sifo zihlobene nokuvezwa komsebenzi ku- asbestos futhi zingavinjelwa ngokuqwashisa nezinyathelo zokuzivikela emsebenzini. Lokho kuthiwa, ezimweni eziningi, i-mesothelioma ayitholakali kwaze kwaphela amashumi eminyaka ngemuva kokutholakala kwe-asbestos, futhi abantu abaningi ababhekene namanje baboniswa eminyakeni ye-asbestos edlule.
I-Mesothelioma iyisisu esinomdlavuza (esiyingozi) esiqala ku- mesothelium . I-mesothelium ingumlenze wemigqa futhi ivikela amaphaphu, inhliziyo, nesisu esiswini. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-mesothelioma:
- I-mesothelioma ye-Pleural iqala ngo- pleura (i-lining of the lungs). Lona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-mesothelioma.
- I-mesothelioma ye-Peritoneal iqala ku-peritoneum (i-lining of cavity).
- I-mesothelioma yama-Pericardial iqala ku-pericardium (i-lining of the heart).
Izimbangela
Amacala amaningi e-mesothelioma angenxa yokuchayeka kwe-asbestos emsebenzini. Ezinye izimbangela zihlanganisa:
- Ukutholakala kwemvelo - Abanye abantu baningi amathuba okuthuthukisa i-mesothelioma kunabanye
- Ukuvezwa kwegciwane elithile - Igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-simian virus 40 (i-SV 40) lixhunywe namanye amacala we-mesothelioma
- Ukuvezwa kwemisebe
Izimpawu
Iningi labantu abane-mesothelioma enecala lokuphumula nokuphuza kwesifuba (ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimbambo), kodwa ezinye izimpawu zingabandakanya:
- Ubuhlungu besisu kanye nokubhula (nge-mesothelioma ye-peritoneal)
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
- Kunzima ukugwinya (dysphagia)
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
- I-anemia
- Ukungahleleki ekugubheni igazi
- Ubuhlungu obunamahlombe - Esinye isifundo, ubuhlungu behlombe kwakuyisimpawu sokuqala se-mesothelioma ecasulayo ngamaphesenti angu-14 weziguli.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukubona i-mesothelioma kungaba nzima ngoba kunezimo eziningi ezenza izimpawu ezifanayo.
Udokotela wakho uzothatha umlando ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ekubuza imibuzo ngomlando wakho womsebenzi, bese enza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ukucwaninga ukucwaninga kuvame ukwenziwa futhi kungabandakanya ama-x-rays esifubeni sakho nesisu, ukuhlola kwe-CT, ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI, noma ukukala kwe-PET .
Uma udokotela wakho esolwa nge-mesothelioma, kuzodingeka ukuthi ahlele i-biopsy. Kuye ngokuthi indawo yesikhumba sakho sinjani, ingase iphakamise i-thoracoscopy noma i-thoracoscopy eyayisizwa ngevidiyo (i-VAT), inqubo lapho isampula yesikhumba isuswa ku-pleura, noma i-peritoneoscopy, inqubo efanayo yokuthola izicubu esiswini. Uma i-biopsy yembula i-mesothelioma, kwenziwa olunye ucwaningo ukuze kutholakale isigaba somdlavuza (ukuthi kuthuthuke kangakanani).
Izigaba
I-Mesothelioma ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Indawo yangasese (Isigaba 1) - Njengoba i-mesothelioma yendawo, umdlavuza uvinjelwe kumama-mesothelium - i-pleura nge-mesothelioma yesineke, noma i-peritoneum ene-mesothelioma ye-peritoneal
- Okuthuthukisiwe (Isigaba sesi-2, 3, no-4) - I-Mesothelioma ibhekwa njengephambili uma isakaze kuma- lymph nodes noma ezinye izitho ezihlanganisa amaphaphu
Ukwelapha
Kuye ngobukhulu nendawo yesikhumba sakho, futhi uma usakazekile, izinketho zokwelapha zingafaka:
- Ukwelashwa - Ukuhlinzwa kungacatshangelwa, ikakhulukazi uma i-tumor ibanjwa ekuqaleni. Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa zifaka:
- I-Pleurectomy - Nge-pleurectomy, ingxenye ye-pleura isusiwe
- I-pneumonectomy yangaphandle- Ingxenye yesikhalazo isusiwe, kanye nengxenye ye-pericardium (inhlanzi yezinhliziyo), isifingqo (imisipha ehlukanisa isifuba nesisu) kanye namaphaphu
- I-Chemotherapy - Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi ye-chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe kungase kuthuthukise ukusinda.
- Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa - Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile njengendlela yokwelapha imithi ye-mesothelioma, ukwelashwa okungelapheki umdlavuza, kodwa kungenza ube ngcono kakhulu. Kungase futhi isetshenziswe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kubulawe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Izivivinyo zemitholampilo - Izivivinyo eziningana zemitholampilo ziyaqhubeka, ukuhlola izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha i-mesothelioma.
Ukubhekana
Phezulu kwesifo senhliziyo, ukuxilongwa komdlavuza kuletha, abantu abaningi abane-mesothelioma abanalo ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo ukuthi labo abanezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza bathole kalula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpi zemithi-zezomthetho ezihlobene nokuchayeka kwe-asbestos on-the-job kungaba ukukhipha ngokomzwelo. Ukubamba iqhaza eqenjini lokusekela , mhlawumbe ngokusebenzisa isikhungo sakho somdlavuza, umphakathi, noma ku-inthanethi, kungakusiza ukuba uhambe ngendlela yezinketho zokwelashwa, futhi uthole ukusebenzisana nabanye abaphila ne-mesothelioma.
Ukuvimbela
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela i-mesothelioma ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanele uma uthola i-asbestos emsebenzini. I-OSHA inezindinganiso zokuphepha ze-asbestos kubantu abangahle bavezwe emsebenzini. Uma usebenza ne-asbestos, kubalulekile ukulandela le mihlahlandlela ukuze unciphise imindeni yakho ukuchayeka. Ukwehliswa kwe-asbestos emakhaya ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga ngaphandle kokuthi kubonakaliswe noma kuphazanyiswe ngamaprojekthi okulungisa. Uma ungase ube nesibindi sokusungulwa kwe-asbestos (imizi eyakhiwe ngaphambi kuka-1950) qiniseka ukuqasha isonkontileka esiqinisekisiwe ekuphathweni kwe-asbestos ngaphambi kokuba uqale noma yimaphi amaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa ikhaya.
Abanye abantu abaye bahlushwa i-asbestos bangase bafune ukucubungula ukuhlolwa kwe-CT yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngalesi sikhathi, izincomo zokuhlola zifaka kuphela labo bantu abaneminyaka engama-55 kuya ku-74 abanomlando we-pack of year 30 wokubhema. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abanye abantu abaye bahlushwa i-asbestos bangase babe engozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu kunokuba ababhema kakhulu. Uma uye wavezwa ku-asbestos qiniseka ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu .
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