Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Nokuphathwa Kwe-Carbon Dioxide Ukugcinwa Egazini
I-Hypercapnia yinkinga eyenzeka uma kune-carbon dioxide kakhulu - imfucuza yokuphefumula - egazini. Ngenkathi ngezinye izikhathi kubangelwa izinto ezifana ne- hypoventilation noma ukudlula izidakamizwa ezidakayo, isizathu esivame kakhulu yisifo se-lungs COPD .
I-COPD ne-Hypercapnia Link
Ngokuvamile, lapho siphefumula, siphucula umoya we-oksijeni bese siphumelela i-carbon dioxide.
Lezi gesi ezimbili zokuphefumula zishintshaniswa ngaphakathi emaphashini ngamaqoqo amancane, afana namagilebhisi, noma ama-air bag, okuthiwa i- alveoli .
Kubantu abane-COPD, le nqubo ayiphumeleli ngoba i-alveoli ishabalaliswa, ishiya indawo encane yomoya ukuze ifike emaphashini ibe egazini kanye ne-carbon dioxide ukuze ivela egazini ibe emaphashini ezokhipha. Lokhu kubangela inani eliphansi le-oksijini egazini, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- hypoxemia , namazinga aphezulu e-carbon dioxide egazini, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypercapnia.
Lokhu kugcinwa kwe-carbon dioxide kubantu abane COPD kungenxa yenqubo ebizwa nge- ventilation-perfusion mismatch (V / Q mismatch) emaphashini. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ama-capillaries kanye ne-alveoli emaphashini awahambisani futhi evamile ukushintshaniswa okufanele kwegesi okwenzekayo.
Izimbangela ze-Hypercapnia
Ngaphandle kweCOPD, kunezinye izimo ezingabangela amazinga aphezulu e-carbon dioxide egazini.
Ezinye izibonelo zifaka:
- Ukudakwa kwezidakamizwa, njenge- opioid noma benzodiazepine
- Ukushaywa kwe-Brainstem
- I-Hypothermia
- Izinkinga ezithile zemithi (isibonelo, amazinga aphansi e-phosphate nama-magnesium egazini)
- Izinkinga ezithile zesisipha noma zesisindo ezifana ne-encephalitis, i-muscular dystrophy, i-ALS, noma i-myasthenia gravis
- Isigungu sokuphela kwesifo se-Lung Disease (ILD)
- I-apnea yokulala yokuvimbela
- Isifo sofuba se-hypoventilation syndrome
Izimpawu ze-Hypercapnia
Abantu abaningi abaqapheli ngisho nokuthi banesifo se-hypercapnia. Ezimweni lapho iqhubeka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi inomusa kakhulu, ungase ungaboni noma yimaphi izimpawu. Uma kwenzeka izimpawu, zingase zihlanganise ukuphefumula okuncane, ikhanda, ukuhluleka ukucabanga ngokuqondile, noma ukuzwela noma ukulala. Ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuphuthelwa izimpawu zokungena kwe-mile, ukuqaphela kuyisihluthulelo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimpawu zokuxoshwa okukhulu zikhulunywa kakhulu. Ukucindezeleka okukhulu kungaholela ekugcineni ukuphefumula nokuphefumula nokufa. Izimpawu nezibonakaliso zingabandakanya:
- I-paranoia, ukucindezeleka, nokudideka, okungase kuqhubekele ku-coma
- Ama-muscle twitches
- Ukuzizwa
- Ukuxilonga noma ukukhuliswa kwemithanjeni engaphezu kwesikhumba
- I-Papilledema - uphawu lokucindezela okwandayo ebuchosheni
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hypercapnia
Ukwelashwa kokuxhaswa kuxhomeke ekubambeni kwawo futhi kuqala ngokubhekana nombangela oyimbangela.
- Ukuphuza umoya okungahambi kahle : Ukuphuza umoya okungenasidingo kunikeza ukwesekwa kwe-ventilatory kwesiguli ngokusebenzisa umoya ophezulu. Ithuthukisa inqubo yokuphefumula ngokunikeza isiguli ingxube yomoya kanye ne-oksijeni evela ku-generator yokugeleza ngokusebenzisa umaski obusweni obunamathele noma obuseduze.
- Intubation and ventilation mechanical : Intubation inqubo yokufaka ithubhu ekhethekile emlonyeni bese ehamba emoyeni. I-tube ithola isikhumba esivumelwaneni se-mechanical ventilator esithatha ukuphefumula okusebenzayo ngesiguli.
Nini Ukubiza Udokotela
I-hypercapnia ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula nokufa uma kungashiywa kungaphenduliwe. Uma une-COPD, ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-hypercapnia kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola okokuqala. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka uma uthola noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwezibonakaliso zakho noma impilo ejwayelekile. Uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile nge-hypercapnia, angenza uvivinyo olubizwa ngegesi egazini elibhebhethekayo - ukuhlolwa okulula, ukulala kombhede lapho igazi lidonsa khona emthonjeni osesandleni sakho.
Izwi elivela
Uma ufunda mayelana nokungaxhunyiwe, zama ukungaxhunyiwe kakhulu nge-nuances eyinkimbinkimbi yale nkulumo yezokwelapha. Esikhundleni salokho, uqondise isithombe esikhulu - ukucabangela kukhonza njengomaka ukuthi ukungalingani kuqhubeka emzimbeni.
Futhi, i-tidbit enhle ukumboza ikhanda lakho nxazonke yukuthi njengoba nje hypercapnia inezimbangela eziningi futhi akuveli ngempela kusuka ku-COPD, akuwona wonke umuntu onokuCOPD onenqwaba ye-hypercapnia.
> Imithombo:
> Feller-Kopman DJ, Schwartzstein RM. (2017). Ukuhlolwa, ukuxilongwa, nokwelashwa kwesiguli esikhulile ngehluleka ukuphefumula ukuphefumula. Ku: UpToDate, i-Stoller JK (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> I-Poon CS, Tin C, Ingoma G. Ukuxoshwa kokuzithobayo: Kungani iziguli ze-COPD zijwayele ukugcinwa kwe-CO2 kuneziguli ezihluleka ukushaya inhliziyo. I-Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2015. Sep 15; 216: 86-93.
> West JB. Izimbangela zezinkinga ze-hypoxemia ne-hypercapnia. Compr Physiol . 2011 Jul; 1 (3): 1541-53.