I-Myopathy iyigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izifo zomzimba. Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo sengqondo, noma uma uhlolwa njengamanje, kungenzeka ukuthi ungezwa nge-myopathy kuze kube manje, ngoba akuyona into evamile njengeminye imibandela yezokwelapha. Ungase ube nemibuzo mayelana nenqubo yokuxilonga, ukuthi yini okufanele ukulindele ngokuchasisa futhi ukwelashwa, nokuthi ngabe amanye amalungu omndeni wakho angase abe engozini yokwehluleka.
Kuyini Ukumanga?
Ukuzizwa ngeso lengqondo kubhekisela kwisifo semisipha. Uma umuntu enesifo semisipha, imisipha isebenza kangcono kunalokho okufanele. Lokho kungenzeka uma imisipha ingahlakuli kahle, lapho ibhidliziwe, noma uma ilahlekelwa izingxenye ezibalulekile.
Imisipha ivame ukusebenza ngokuthola isivumelwano, okusho ukuthi kube mfushane. Umswakama ovamile uqukethe amaprotheni nezinye izingxenye zesakhiwo ezihamba ngendlela edidiyelwe ukuze zivumelane nesisindo. Uma noma iyiphi yalezi zakhi zingenaphutha, lokhu kungabangela ukusabalala.
Kunezimbangela eziningi ezihlukahlukene zezifo ze-muscle, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-myopathies. Ngamanye ama-myopathies ahlukene anegama lawo siqu, imbangela, isethi yokuhlolwa kokuxilongwa, ukubikezelwa okulindelwe, kanye nokwelashwa. Amanye ama-myopathies alindeleke ukuba abe mabi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanti ezinye zizinzile. I-myopathies eningana ifa, futhi eziningi azikho.
Izimpawu
Ngokuvamile, ukubhekwa komzimba kuyabangela ubuthakathaka obuthakathaka. Iphethini evamile kakhulu yobuthakathaka ichazwa njengobuthakathaka obuncane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imisipha yezingalo ezingenhla nemilenze engenhla ibonakala ibuthakathaka kunemisipha yezandla noma izinyawo. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-myopathy inciphisa imisipha yokuphefumula (imisipha elawula ukuphefumula).
Ezinye izici zokwehluleka zihlanganisa ukukhathala, ukungabi namandla, nokukhubeka obuthakathaka njengoba usuku luqhubeka noma ubuthakathaka obuqhubekayo nokuzikhandla.
Ngokuvamile, lapho abantu bebeneminyaka eminingi bebuhlungu, i-muscle atrophy iqala ukukhula, okuyiyona yokuqothula nokuqeda imisipha, ifinyelela amandla emisipha ngisho nangaphezulu. I-myopathy ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesimo esingavamile samathambo, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuthi ubuthakathaka bemisipha buvimbela amathambo ukuba alondoloze isimo sakhe esivamile.
Ngizokwazi Kanjani Uma Ngine-Myopathy?
Ngokuvamile, i-myopathy iyinkimbinkimbi enzima. Uma unezimpawu zokumama, kukhona ithuba elinamandla lokuthi uzothola ukudluliselwa kumjozi wezinzwa noma i-rheumatologist, noma kokubili, kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izimpawu zakho ezivelele kakhulu.
Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kuhlanganisa ukuhlola okucophelela ngokomzimba, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba sakho, ukucabanga kwakho, amandla akho emisipha, ibhalansi yakho nokuzwa kwakho. Udokotela wakho uzothatha umlando wezokwelapha okuningiliziwe futhi akubuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha emndenini.
Kukhona nokuhlolwa okuningi ongayidinga, kuye ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nokuthola kokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba. Lezi zivivinyo zihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, njengokubala kwegazi okuphelele (CBC) namazinga e-electrolyte.
Ezinye izivivinyo zegazi zihlanganisa isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) nokuhlolwa kwe-antinuclear antibody (ANA), okulinganisa ukuvuvukala. I-creatine kinase egazini ingakwazi ukuhlola ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha. Ukuvivinya kwe-thyroid , ukuvivinya umzimba kanye ne-endocrine kungadingeka.
Olunye uhlolo olubizwa ngokuthi i-electromyography (EMG) luhlolo lwegesi oluhlola umsebenzi we-muscle ngokusebenzisa izinaliti ezibona izici eziningana zesakhiwo sakho semisipha nokunyakaza. Ngezinye izikhathi, izivivinyo ezikhethekile kakhulu ezinjenge- muscle biopsy kanye nokuhlolwa kofuzo zingasiza ukuxilonga izinhlobo ezithile ze-myopathy.
Izinhlobo
Ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi kusho ukungaboni ukuthi umuntu uzalwa naye.
Eziningi zalezi zimo zikholelwa ukuthi zifa noma zidluliselwa ngemindeni ngezofuzo. Futhi, kuyilapho izimpawu zokuvuka komzimba ezivame ukuqala zisencane kakhulu, lokho akunjalo njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukugula kwezokwelashwa okungenayo iqala ukuveza izimpawu kuze kube yilapho umuntu esemusha noma ngisho nomdala.
I-myopathies evame ukuzuzwa njengefa ihlanganisa :
- Ukwehluleka kwe-Mitochondrial : Lesi yisifo esibangelwa isici esakhiweni sokukhiqiza amandla eseli, okuthiwa i- mitochondria . Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-myopathy myochondrial, kanti ngenkathi zingabangelwa ukuguquka kwefa (okungavamile emajeni) zingase zenzeke ngaphandle komlando womndeni nhlobo.
- Ukuzamazama kwamathambo : Lesi yisifo sezifo ezibangelwa izinkinga zemetaboli eziphazamisa umsebenzi we-muscle. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-myopathies ezinamafutha ahlukahlukene ezibangelwa yiziphene ezakhiweni ezithinta ama-enzyme athile adingekayo ekuqhumeni kokuhamba kwemisipha.
- I-Nemaline yokwehluleka : Leli yiqembu lezinkinga ezibhekene nokukhona kwezakhiwo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'izinduku ze-nemaline' emisipha. I-Nemaline myopathy ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa nobuthakathaka bomzimba bokuphefumula.
Ama-myopathies angama-congenital afaka:
- I-core core myopathy : Lokhu kuyisimo sokungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi esibangela ubuthakathaka, izinkinga zethambo, kanye nokuphendula okukhulu kweminye imithi. Ukuqina kwalesi sifo kuyahlukahluka, kubangela ubuthakathaka obuningi phakathi kwabanye abantu kanye nobuthakathaka obuthakathaka kwabanye.
- I-dystrophy yama-muscular : Leli yiqembu lezifo ezibangelwa ukuwohloka kwemisipha noma amangqamuzana angama-muscle angavamile. Ngokuvamile, i-dystrophy ye-muscular akuyona inkohlakalo, kodwa ngokuvamile ihamba phakathi kwezibonakaliso, ngakho-ke ungase uthole okokuqala ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuhloswe ukuthi kunomqondo wokuthi unesifo sofuba noma i-muscular dystrophy. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-myopathy kanye ne-muscular dystrophy yukuthi imisipha ayisebenzi kahle ku-myopathy, kuyilapho imisipha ihlukumeza e-muscular dystrophy.
I-myopathy nayo ingabangelwa izifo ezihlukahlukene eziveza izinkinga eziningi ezingokwenyama ngaphezu kwezindaba ne-muscle contraction.
I-myopathies etholakalayo ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:
- Ukuzikhukhumeza / ukuzimela ngokuzenzakalelayo : Lokhu kwenzeka uma umzimba uhlasela ngokwawo, okwenza ukuguquka kwemisipha noma ukuphazamisa umsebenzi we-muscle. Kukhona iqembu lama-myopathies elivezwe ukuvuvukala noma eduze kwe-muscle. Ezinye zalezi zimo zihlanganisa i- polymyositis , i-dermatomyositis, i-sarcoidosis, i-lupus, ne-rheumatoid arthritis.
- I-myopathy enobuthi : Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-toxin, imithi noma isidakamizwa kuphazamisa isakhiwo somzimba noma umsebenzi.
- I-Endocrine myopathy : Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukuphazamiseka kwama-hormone kungaphazamisa umsebenzi we-muscle. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa izinkinga zegciwane le-adrenal gland.
- Ukwehla kwesifo esithathelwanayo: Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukutheleleka kuvimbela imisipha ukuba isebenze kahle.
- I-Myopathy encane ekungalingani kwe-electrolyte : Izinkinga ze-Electrolyte, njengezinga eliphezulu kakhulu noma eliphansi kakhulu le-potassium, zingaphazamisa umsebenzi wemisipha.
Yini Engingayilindela Uma NgineMyopathy Noma I-Myopathy Ebonakalayo?
Ngokuvamile, ukusoka komzimba okubelethwe kulindeleke ukuba kube nzima noma kuzinze ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngokuvamile akulindelekile ukuba kuthuthukiswe. I-myopathies engezangezocansi, njengezifo ezithathelwanayo, ezitholakala emzimbeni, noma i-myopathies enobuthi, ingahle ithuthuke uma imbangela ye-myopathy ilawulwa kahle.
Ukuqonda kahle isimo sakho esithile kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unemiphumela engcono kakhulu. Uma unesimo sokungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi okungalindelekile ukuba uthuthuke, kufanele uqaphelisise izinkinga ezifana ne-atrophy, izilonda zomshoshaphansi, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ugcine iqhaza eliphelele ekwelapheni ngokomzimba ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza ngokusemandleni akho.
Ukwelapha
Azikho zokwelapha eziphumelelayo ezingakwazi ukuvuselela noma ukuphulukisa imisipha yakho ukuze uphulukise ukungaboni kahle. Uma kunesizathu esibonakalayo, njengenkinga ye-endocrine, ukulungisa imbangela kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu zokwehluleka, noma okungenani kuzokusiza ukuvimbela ukuthi kungabi nakakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ukwesekwa kokuphefumula kuyisici esiyinhloko ekuthambekeni okuphambili, ukuze ukuphefumula kwakho kugcinwe ngokuphepha.
Ingabe Umndeni Wami Uzokwazi Ukuthola Isimo Sengqondo Uma Nginokukhubazeka?
Yebo, amanye ama-myopathies ayinzalo ngempela. Uma unesibindi sokufa, khona-ke kukhona ithuba lokuthi ezinye izingane zakini, izingane zakho, izinyane, nabantwana bomndeni, noma ezinye izihlobo nazo zingahlakulela ukungaboni kahle. Kubalulekile ukuvumela umndeni wakho ukuba wazi ngesimo sakho, njengoba ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungabasiza ukuba bathole ukwelashwa kwangaphambili nokunakekelwa okusekelayo.
Ezinye ze-myopathies ezingacatshangwa ngokuqondile ukuthi zitholile noma zizalwa zingase zibe nethuba lokugijima emindenini, ngakho-ke umndeni wakho ungase ube yengozi enkulu ngisho noma unomsopathy ongaziwa ukuthi uyifa.
Izwi elivela
I-Myopathy ayiyona into evamile kakhulu. Isifo sesisu singaphazamisa izinga lakho lokuphila. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi ababhekwa ukuthi banesifo sengqondo sokuhlukumezeka bayakwazi ukugcina izimpilo ezikhiqizayo, kubandakanya ukugcina umsebenzi owanelisayo nokujabulela ukuphila komndeni nokuphila komphakathi.
> Imithombo:
> I-Lundberg IE, uMiller FW, Tjärnlund A, uBottai M, J, Ukuxilongwa nokuhlelwa kwe-myopathies yokuvuvukala kwe-idiopathic, i-Intern Med. 2016 Jul; 280 (1): 39-51