I-osteoarthritis (OA) yilona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-arthritis . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- arthritis ye-rheumatoid (RA) ibhekwa njengelona uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lokukhubaza noma olukhubaza i-arthritis. Kodwa yiziphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo?
Sibutsetelo
I-osteoarthritis iphinde ibhekwe njengesifo esihambisanayo esibucayi noma isifo samathambo. Kubangelwa ukuwohloka kwe-cartilage ehlangene, umkhumbi ophakathi kwamathambo okwenza ukuhlangana.
Ukulahleka kwe-cartilage kungenza ukuba ithambo libhebhetheke kwelinye ithambo ekuhlanganyeleni-isimo esibuhlungu kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, i-osteoarthritis iqala ngokuhlanganyela okukodwa.
Ukuthinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-27 e-United States, i-osteoarthritis ivame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile kuneminyaka engama-65. Zonke izinhlanga e-US zibonakala zithinteka ngokulinganayo nge-osteoarthritis. Ngokwe-American College of Rheumatology, amaphesenti angu-70 abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70 anesibindi se-x-ray se-osteoarthritis.
I-rheumatoid arthritis , ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlobo olungapheli, oluvuthayo lwe-arthritis futhi luhlukaniswa njengesifo esizimele . I- synovium (ibhande lehlangene ) ngokuyinhloko ishintshwe yi-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, kodwa izitho zomzimba wonke zingathinteka futhi. Amalungu amaningi avame ukubandakanyeka nge-rheumatoid arthritis.
Cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.5 base-US bane-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, futhi cishe amaphesenti ayishumi kuya kwambili abantu emhlabeni abathintekayo.
Amaphesenti angaba ngu-75 weziguli zesifo sofuba se-rheumatoid kukhona abesifazane. Amadoda, abesifazane, ngisho nezingane zingathuthuka isifo samathambo, noma kunjalo.
Ngokujwayelekile, isifo se-arthritis se-rheumatoid senza phakathi kweminyaka engu-30 kuya kweyengu-60 kanti iningi alikho umlando womndeni walo. Uma kwenzeka emadodeni ngokuvamile uvame kamuva ekuphileni.
Izimbangela
I-osteoarthritis yisifo esihlangene esithinta i-cartilage. Iziphetho zesayensi mayelana nezimbangela zalo zivela ekumeni nje nasekuguleni noma imiphumela yokuguga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwamanzi we-cartilage ekuqaleni kwandisa nge-osteoarthritis ngenkathi amaprotheni ekwakhiwa kwe-cartilage ekhula kancane. Ezinye izici ezingase zenze ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-osteoarthritis ihlanganisa ukulimala okuhlangene, ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe noma ukucindezeleka kwamajoyina, ukugqithisa ngokweqile, nomlando womndeni / izakhi zofuzo.
Mayelana ne-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, abacwaningi basebenze iminyaka ukuthola umphumela wempendulo engavamile yokuzimela ehambisana nalesi sifo. Asikho isizathu esisodwa esitholiwe. Izinkolelo ezivamile zikhomba ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zikhona kanye nomcimbi owenzayo noma izenzakalo.
Izimpawu
I-osteoarthritis ihlasela kakhulu amalunga. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu ekuhlanganyeleni okuthintekile ngemuva kokusebenzisa okuphindaphindiwe noma umsebenzi
- Ukuqina kosuku lokusaba okugcina isigamu sehora noma ngaphansi
- Ubuhlungu obuhlangene obuvame kakhulu nakakhulu ngosuku
- Ukuvuvukala, ukufudumala, nokuqina kwesigungu esithintekile ngemuva kokungasebenzi okuqhubekayo
- I-Bone iqhuma, ukukhuliswa kwamabhondi (ama- heodden ka-Heberden namakhadi kaBourdrd ezandleni), nokuhamba okulinganiselwe kokuhamba
Izimpawu ze-arthritis ze-rheumatoid zifaka:
- Ubuhlungu obuhlangene
- Ukuvuvukala okuhlangene noma ukukhipha
- Ubunzima obuhlangene
- Ukubomvu kanye / noma ukufudumala eduze kwehlangene
- Uhlobo lokunyakaza olukhawulelwe
- Ubunzima bokusa kwelanga buhlala isikhathi esingaphezulu kwehora
- Ukubandakanywa kwamalungu amancane ezandla nezinyawo
- Ukukhathala okukhulu
- Ama-nodules we-rheumatoid
- Ukubandakanyeka okuhlangene kwe-Symmetrical (kokubili amadolo, hhayi nje kuphela)
- Ukubola, izinso, noma ukubandakanya inhliziyo
Ukuxilongwa
Yilapho ukufana okunye kwenzeka khona. I-X-ray yamalungu angathintekayo ingabonisa umonakalo ohlangene ohlotshaniswa ne-osteoarthritis noma i-rthumic arthritis. I-arthrocentesis , ukususwa okuketshezi okuhlangene, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamanzi okuhlangene kungenzeka izinqubo ezingahlola i-osteoarthritis noma i-rheumatoid arthritis.
Imiphumela ihlukanisa ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-arthritis oluhilelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi akukwazi ukuhlolisisa ngokucacile i-osteoarthritis, kodwa kungasetshenziswa ukulawula ezinye izimo, kufaka phakathi i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, nomlando wezokwelapha wesiguli ndawonye kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuxilongwa.
Ukuhlola i-Laboratory okuvame ukulalelwa ukusiza ukuxilongwa kwesifo samathambo kuhlanganisa:
- Isici se-rheumatoid
- Isilinganiso sedimentation se-Erythrocyte
- Iprotheyini esebenzayo e-C
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Anti-CCP
Ukwelapha
Izinketho zokwelapha ze-osteoarthritis zigxile ekusizeni ubuhlungu nokubuyisela umsebenzi ohlangene ohlangene. Imithi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuphatha i-osteoarthritis. Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), ama- analgesics , kanye nama- steroid , asetshenziselwa ukuphatha ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
Ukwelapha ngokomzimba okugxila ekuzivocavoca ukuqinisa nokuqiniswa kokuhlanganiswa, ukusekelwa / ukukhwabanisa , ukushisa, ukuphumula nokunciphisa isisindo konke kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukwelashwa kwe-osteoarthritis. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa nazo zisetshenziselwa, njengokwelapha ukusikhipha umzimba kanye nokukhishwa kwe- acupuncture .
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-arthritis ye-rheumatoid imithi. Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zemithi ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo samathambo, okufaka:
- I-Biologics, njenge-Enbrel (etanercept), i-Remicade (infliximab), i-Humira (i-adalimumab), i-Rituxan (rituximab), no-Orencia (abatacept)
- I-DMARD (izidakamizwa eziguqula izifo ezilwa namagciwane), njenge methotrexate
- I-Corticosteroids , njenge-prednisone ne-hydrocortisone
- I-NSAID, njenge-Celebrex (celecoxib) ne-naproxen
- Ama-analgesics (ama-painkillers)
Kanye nemithi, ezinye izinhlobo zokwelashwa okunye nokunye okunye noma ama-steroid yendawo angasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu be-arthritis ye-rheumatoid.
Kokubili i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid ne-osteoarthritis, ukhetho lokugcina ukwelapha lokuhlinzwa luwukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i- arthroscopy , i-arthrodesis (i-fusion), ne-arthroplasty (ukushintshwa okuhlangene).
> Imithombo:
> I-Arthritis Foundation. Ukuqonda I-Arthritis: I-Osteoarthritis.
> I-Arthritis Foundation. Ukuqonda I-Arthritis: I-Rheumatoid Arthritis.