Amatshe amatshe aseSalivary
I-Sialolithiasis iyinkulumo yezokwelapha ngamatshe angama-salivary gland. Le matshe, noma i-calculi, iningi iqukethe i-calcium, kodwa iqukethe i-magnesium, i-potassium, ne-ammonium. Umlomo wakho unezinhlayiya ezintathu ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezingakhiwa ngamatshe: i-parotid, i-submandibular, izilinganiso ezilinganiselwe, nezindwangu ezincane ezingezansi. Ngenxa yokwanda, ukude, nokuhamba kancane kwe-salivary, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi uhlakulele itshe le-salivary gland emgodini wakho we-submandibular salivary.
Izingane azivami ukudala i-sialolithiasis, futhi zivame ukutholakala emadodeni aphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 kuya ku-60. Amatshe amaningi atholakale ngesigca esisodwa, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi abe namafomu amaningi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amatshe ase-submandibular abeka amaphesenti angu-80 kuya kwangu-92 azo zonke i-sialolithiasis, kanti amatshe e-parotid enza amacala amaningi asele ngamaphesenti angu-6 kuya kwangu-20. Izithobezi ezingezansi nezincane zinengozini encane yokuthuthukiswa kwetshe.
Umsebenzi we-Saliva
I-saliva yenziwe ngamanzi kodwa iqukethe ne-electrolytes encane, i-calcium, i-phosphate, ama-anti-bacterial, kanye nama-enzyme yokugaya. I-antibacterial properties ye-sali ivikela ngokumelene nalokhu:
- izifo zomlomo
- umlomo omile ongapheli
- isifo sezinsini
- ukubola kwezinyo
Ama-enzyme yokugaya ematheni aqala ukwephula ukudla kwakho ngaphambi kokuthi uginze futhi umatheni uvame ukukhishwa ngokuphendula iphunga nokunambitha kokudla.
Imisebenzi eyengeziwe yamathe ihlanganisa ukusiza ukuba sigxume futhi sikhulume.
I-saliva ikhiqizwa izigcawu eziningana ezisemlonyeni nasemphinjeni. Izindwangu ezinkulu ezihamba phambili ziyathutha le mathala ngamatayipi amancane okuthiwa amathanga ase-salivary ekugcineni akhiphe amathele ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emlonyeni wakho, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kolimi lwakho nangaphansi komlomo wakho.
Lezi zinhlayiya ezintathu zezingqungquthela ezinkulu ze-salivary zibizwa ngokuthi i-parotid, i-submandibular, nezinhlayiya ezingezansi.
Ngaphandle kwezigqoko ezinkulu zamathe, kunezinhlayiya ezincane eziningana, ezibizwa ngokuthi izigulane ezincane ezingaphansi kwezindebe zakho, izihlathi, nakuzo zonke izicubu ezifaka umlomo wakho.
Izimbangela zeSialolithiasis
Izimo ezinjengokungcoliswa kwemvelo okubangela ukuqina, noma ukunciphisa umthamo wamanzi wamatheni kungabangela i-calcium ne-phosphate ngamathe ukuze kwenziwe ithe. Amatshe avame ukufaka emigodini ye-salivary futhi angakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele umzila we-salivary, noma ukuwuvimbela kancane. Ungase uhlakulele i-sialolithiasis noma ngabe unempilo, futhi imbangela ingase ingabi njalo. Noma kunjalo, izimo ezingabangela umthamo obukhulu kanye ne-sialolithiasis ezalandela zihlanganisa:
- ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithi noma izimo ezenza umlomo owomile (i-diuretics ne-anticholinergics)
- I-Sjorgen's syndrome , i-lupus, nezifo ezithinta izifo lapho amasosha omzimba angase ahlasele khona izigulane ze-saliva
- ukwelashwa kwemisebe yomlomo
- i-gout
- ukubhema
- ukuhlukunyezwa
Amatshe amancane angavimbeli ukugeleza kwamathe angenze futhi angabangeli izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukugeleza kwamathambo kuvinjelwa ngokuphelele kungabangela ukuthi igciwane le-salivary lihlotshwe.
Izimpawu ze-Sialolithiasis
Izimpawu zivame ukuvela uma uzama ukudla (kusukela lapho ukugeleza kwamathambo kuvuselelwa) futhi kungase kuphele isikhathi esingakapheli amahora ambalwa emva kokudla noma ukuzama ukudla. Lokhu kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngoba kungasiza ukuhlukanisa i-sialolithiasis kwezinye izimo. Izimpawu ze-sialolithiasis zingabandakanya:
- ukuvuvukala kwezigulane ezithintekayo ezithintekile ezivame ukudla
- kunzima ukuvula umlomo
- ubunzima bokugwinya
- ihlumela elibuhlungu ngaphansi kolimi
- isikhala noma isimangalo esinqabileyo sokunambitha
- umlomo owomile
- ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kuvame ukuzungeza indlebe noma ngaphansi komhlathi
Ukutheleleka okukhulu komgqoko we-sali kungabangela izimpawu ezijulile kufaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ukukhathala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu nokubomvu okubonakalayo emgodini othintekayo.
Ukuthola i-Sialolithiasis
I- otolaryngologist , noma i-ENT, udokotela oqeqeshiwe ukuxilonga nokuphatha i-sialolithiasis. Nakuba odokotela kwezinye izinto ezikhethekile bangase baxilonge noma baphathe lesi simo. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi ahlole ikhanda nentamo yakho, kuhlanganise ngaphakathi komlomo wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi itshe lingase lizizwe njengenhlama. Ngokomlando i-sialograph, lapho idayi igonywa khona emgodini we-salivary olandelwa i-x-ray, isetshenzisiwe, kodwa lokhu kuyaphazamisa kakhulu kunezingcingo zanamuhla ze-MRI noma ze-CT ezingenasidingo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Sialolithiasis
Ukwelashwa kwe-sialolithiasis kuxhomeke lapho itshe likhona futhi likhulu kangakanani. Amatshe amancane angasuswa ngaphandle komgwaqo futhi ungakwazi ukukwenza lokhu ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, noma ukubhunga nokufaka ukushisa endaweni. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela angasusa leli tshe ngecala bese ephuma emlonyeni ngokusebenzisa into ephikisayo futhi ngokucophelela ahlole indawo.
Amatshe amakhulu amakhulu amathanga angaba nzima kakhulu ukususa futhi ngezinye izikhathi adinga ukuhlinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi i-tube encane ebizwa ngokuthi i- endoscope ingafakwa emgodini uma ilitshe lingabonakala nge-endoscope udokotela angakwazi ukufaka elinye ithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukukhipha itshe. Ngesinye isikhathi ukususwa kwetshe kungatholakala nge-incision encane, esimweni esibucayi yonke ingqungquthela kanye nelitshe kungadingeka ukuthi lisuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
Endabeni yegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, udokotela wakho angase anikeze imithi elwa namlomo. Ungalokothi uthathe ama-antibiotic ngaphandle kokubona udokotela.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy of Otolaryngology - Inhloko Nokuhlinzwa Kwezinyosi. Ama-Glands aseSalivary. http://www.entnet.org/content/salivary-glands
Isiguli. co.uk. I-Stali Gland Stones (i-Salivary Calculi). https://patient.info/health/salivary-gland-stones-salivary-calculi
I-Fazio, i-SB & Emerick, i-K. Salivary Gland Stones. Ku: UpToDate, Deschler, DG (Ed), UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc. http://www.uptodate.com