I-asthma iyimvelo evamile yamapayipi engapheli ethinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-25 e-United States. Izimpawu zingabandakanya ukukhwehlela, ukuqhuma, ukuphefumula nokuqina kwesifuba. Iziqephu zezimpawu zivela ngenxa yokuzivocavoca, izifo zokuphefumula ezifana nomkhuhlane ovamile, ukuvezwa kwama-irritants afana nomoya obandayo kanye ne-aclux reflux, ukuvezwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ezifana ne- pollen ne-pet dander, kanye nokucindezeleka.
Ezimweni eziningi, i-asthma inomoya omnene futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokulawulwa ngemithi efana ne- Singulair noma i-dose ephansi e- steroids e-inhaled , kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-bronchodilator ama-short-acting (efana ne- albuterol ) angasebenzi .
I-asthma ingaba nzima kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuyiphatha, naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwemithi enamandla yokulawula, njenge-dose ephezulu e-steroid ethengiswayo nemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe njenge- Advair , ngisho nemithi yokwelashwa efana ne- Xolair noma i- systemic steroids njenge-prednisone. I-asthma enamandla ingabangela ukuvakashelwa kwamagumbi okuphuthumayo, ukuhanjiswa esibhedlela, nokunciphisa jikelele izinga lokuphila kubantu ababhekene nalesi simo. Izindleko ezihambisana ne-asthma enzima e-United States zinkulu kakhulu futhi zingaphezulu kwamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-50 ngonyaka.
Kulaba bantu abane-asthma enzima, kuzomele kube olunye uhlobo lwezokwelapha kulabo abonakala bengaphenduli imithi.
I-thermoplasty ye-Bronchial (BT) yindlela yokwelapha engeyona i-pharmacologic ekhonjiswe ekwelapheni i-asthma enzima kubantu abangaphenduli kahle emithini yemifino evamile. I-BT yamukelwa yi-US Food Administration and Drug Administration ngo-2010 ekwelapheni isifo sofuba esibi kakhulu ezigulini ezineminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu, izimpawu zazo azizange zilawulwe naphezu kwemithi yokwelapha evamile.
I-Bronchial Thermoplasty Basics
I-BT isebenzisa amandla ashisayo (ukushisa) emisipha ebushelelezi ngaphakathi kwemimoya yamaphaphu. Kuyi-muscle ebushelelezi ekhulisiwe (hypertrophy) futhi eningi kakhulu (hyperplasia) emaphashini we-asthmatics enzima. Ukuphambana kwalesi sihlunga yilokho okubangelwa izimpawu ze-asthma, futhi yimiphi imithi yokwelashwa yomoya ophefumulayo okufanele iphumule (i-bronchodilators) futhi ivimbele ezinye izimpawu (i-steroids engenayo). I-BT yenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-catheter ekhethekile efakwe emaphashini e-lung ngesikhathi se- bronchoscopy . I-catheter ifakwa emoyeni we-medium-size emaphashini, futhi kukhishwa amandla okushisa. Izindawo ezihlukene zamapayipi ziphathwa ngezinsuku ezahlukene, ngesigaba ngasinye sokwelapha esihlala ngaphansi kwehora.
Isebenza kanjani i-Thermoplasty ye-Bronchial?
Ayaziwa ukuthi i-BT isebenza kanjani ukuphatha i-asthma, kodwa izintambo zihlanganisa ukunciphisa imisipha ebushelelezi emaphashini, ukunciphisa ukubopha kwemisipha ye-muscle ebushelelezi emaphashini, kanye / noma ukuncipha kwemfihlo yamakhemikhali avuthayo kusuka kumangqamuzana omzimba osondayo emaphashini.
Amakhulu iziguli athole ukwelashwa kwe-BT, nemiphumela yabo eshicilelwe ezifundweni ezihlukahlukene zesayensi. Iziguli eziningi zithola ukwehla kwe-airway reactivity ekuphenduleni i-irritants (inselele ye-methacholine), ukunciphisa izimpawu zesifo se-asthma, nokunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma okudinga ukuvakasha kwamagumbi okuphuthumayo noma ukuvakasha.
Kwezinye izimo, izinzuzo ze-BT zazikhona iminyaka eminingi ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa.
Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
Ngokuvamile, i-BT inqubo ebekezelelwe kahle enezinkinga ezimbalwa. Izinkinga eziningi zinomoya omnene futhi azidingi noma yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zibandakanya ukuwohloka kwezimpawu ze-asthma, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziphezulu zokuphefumula, i-sputum evulekile (i-phlegm), nokucasula okwenziwe nge-bronchial. Eziningi zalawo miphumela emibi yilezo ezenzeka ngemva kokuqhathaniswa kwe-bronchoscopy. Iningi lala miphumela emibi ixazulula ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwamasonto emva kwe-BT.
Ukunquma Uma I-Bronchial Thermoplasty Ikulungele Wena
I-BT kufanele igcinwe abantu abane-asthma ehlulekayo abangaphenduli emithini ejwayelekile ye-asthma, njenge-steroids e-inhaled, i-Singulair, i-theophylline nemikhiqizo ehlangene njenge-Advair noma i-Symbicort.
Imikhombandlela yamazwe ngamazwe kusukela ngo-2014 ukuphathwa kokwelashwa kwesikhashana se-asthma indawo ye-BT esigabeni esifanayo njenge-Xolair noma i-prednisone. Ngakho-ke, i-BT kufanele icatshangelwe kubantu abane-asthma enzima naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwelapha yendabuko.
Umthombo:
> Wilhelm CP, Chipps BE. I-thermoplasty ye-Bronchial: Ukubuyekezwa kobufakazi. Ann Ukuzivocavoca Isifo Somoya Immunol. 2016; 116: 92-98.