Izimpawu ezivamile zingase zisho enye into emdlavuza
I-Adenopathy (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-lymphadenopathy) ibhekisela kuma- lymph node ekhulisiwe noma evuvukala ngenxa yokutheleleka, imbangela evame kakhulu, noma ngenxa yeminye imibandela yezempilo, njengezinkinga zemoto noma umdlavuza .
Ngomdlavuza, i-adenopathy ingabangelwa ukulimala okuqala kuma-lymph nodes ngokwabo. Kungenzeka futhi uma umdlavuza usakazeka ( imetastimasi ) kusuka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba kuya kuma-lymph nodes.
I-Lymph System
Umzimba wakho unesimiso se- lymphatic esakhiwe ngezitsha ze-lymph, i-lymphatic fluid, kanye nama-lymph nodes. Inethiwekhi yamakamelo lymph ithwala amanzi e-lymphatic kuwo wonke umzimba. Lo mketshezi, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi yawo, uqoqa imikhiqizo yokudoba kanye nezinambuzane ezibangelwa izifo (njengezigciwane nama-bacterium) ohambweni lwazo ngokusebenzisa izicubu.
Ama-lymph nodes ngokwawo amancane, izitho ezinobhontshisi ezikhiqiza futhi zigcina amangqamuzana egazi (okuthiwa i-lymphocytes) asiza ukulwa nokutheleleka nezifo. Kunamaphesenti angama-600 alawa asemzimbeni wonke. Indima yabo eyinhloko ukuhlunga imfucuza kusuka emthonjeni we-lymphatic. Njengoba benza kanjalo, ibutho lama-lymphocyte lihlose ukunciphisa noma yiliphi i-agent engaphandle.
Ngenkathi amanye ama-lymph nodes atholakale kakhulu-ku-groin, i-armpit, nentamo, isibonelo-ezinye zikhona ezijulile emzimbeni, njengezifuba noma isisu.
Ngesikhathi sokutheleleka noma ukulimala okusebenzayo, i-lymph nodes ivuvukala futhi ithenda.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-adenopathy ingathatha amafomu amaningana:
- Kungenziwa endaweni yangakini (eyenzeka endaweni eyodwa yomzimba), amazwe amabili (zombili zomzimba), noma jikelele (okwenzeka kuwo wonke umzimba).
- Kungaba nzima (kwenzeke ngokuzumayo futhi ukuxazulula ngokushesha) noma okungapheli (okuphikisanayo).
- Kungabonakaliswa indawo yendawo, njengezungeze intamo (umlomo wesibeletho), ubuhlungu (inguinal), isifuba (i-mediastinal), i-armpits (axillary), noma isisu (mesenteric).
I-Adenopathy ye-Cancer
Ukunciphisa i-Cancer igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes ngenxa yomdlavuza. Amanqamu aqala ukwelashwa kwamagciwane abizwa ngokuthi i- lymphoma . Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivamile kakhulu ziyi- Hodgkin lymphoma noma engeyona i-Hodgkin lymphoma . Ngamunye uziphatha futhi aqhubeke ngokuhlukile, kodwa kokubili kuvela emalysini ngokwabo. I-Adenopathy ingenye yezici zalezi zifo.
Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza wokudonswa komdlavuza uzokwenzeka lapho ukulimala kwesinye isitho somzimba (esaziwa njenge-tumor oyinhloko) kusakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ukudala izicubu ezintsha (eziyisibili). I-lymph nodes yizitho ezivame ukuthinteka lokhu.
Indlela I-Cancer Isakazeka Ngayo I-Lymph Nodes
Uma i-tumor metastasizes, amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahlukana nesisu esikhulu futhi asakaze kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokujikeleza (igazi) noma uhlelo lymphatic.
Lapho amangqamuzana egazini, ahlanjululwa ekugezeni kwegazi aze afinyelele endaweni ethile, ngokuvamile i-capillary. Kusukela kuleli phuzu, iseli lingakwazi ukudlula ngodonga lwama-capillary futhi lenze i-tumor entsha noma ngabe ikuphi.
Kwenzeka okufanayo ne-lymphatic system. Kulesi simo, amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphumula futhi athwala ema-lymph nodes lapho anamathela khona.
Ngesikhathi ama-nodes azophendula ngokuhlasela kwamagciwane omzimba, amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza azosinda ukuze akhe isisu esisha.
Kodwa nansi lapho umehluko okhona khona: Ngokungafani nesistimu yokujikeleza, engakwazi ukuthwala amangqamuzana omdlavuza cishe noma yikuphi ingxenye yomzimba, ukusatshalaliswa komdlavuza ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lymphatic kunzima kakhulu. Ama-nodes aseduzane ne-tumor ayoba yilabo abaqala ukuthinteka. Ukusuka lapho, amangqamuzana angeziwe angahle aphule abuye athuthe ezindaweni ezikude zomzimba.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-lymph nodes iyathinteka kanjani, odokotela bayobahlola njalo ukuze babone ukuthi umdlavuza usuqale yini ukusabalalisa futhi uma kunjalo, kungakanani.
Ukuthi i-Adenopathy iyatholakala kanjani
Ukwandiswa kwama-lymph nodes okungavamile kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa komzimba. Ukucubungula ukuhlolwa okufana nokuhlolwa kwe- computed tomography (CT) nakho kungasetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi kuma-lymph nodes esifubeni noma esiswini.
Ukwengeza, udokotela angase alawule i-lymph node biopsy. I-biopsy ihilela ukukhishwa kwamathambo e-lymph node yokuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Kungasetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi ngabe umdlavuza usakaze yini kusuka ku-tumor oyinhloko noma lapho kwenzeka khona ukuthi i-lymphoma isolwe.
I-biopsy ingenziwa ngokukhishwa ngokuphumelelayo i-node noma, ngokuvamile, ngokususa amaseli usebenzisa inqubo encane engavumelani ebizwa ngokuthi i-good nest aspiration. Imiphumela ye-biopsy ibalulekile kokubili ukuxilongwa kanye nesiteleka somdlavuza.
Ukuthi i-Adenopathy ithinta kanjani ukwelapha umdlavuza
I-adenopathy eyedwa ayishintshi inkambo yokwelashwa komdlavuza . Kodwa-ke, ukuba nomdlavuza emangqamuzaneni akho kungathinta ukwelashwa ngendlela yokuthi uzokwazisa isigaba sesifo sakho.
Enye yezinhlelo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wesiteji yisistimu ye-TNM , esekelwe kwisilinganiso se-tumor (T), izinga lokusabalala kuma-lymph nodes (N), nokuba khona kwe-metastasis (M). Uma kungekho mdlavuza otholakala ema-lymph nodes eduze kwe-tumor, i-N izokwabiwa ngenani le-0. Uma izimboni eziseduze noma ezikude zibonisa umdlavuza, i-N izokwabiwa inani le-1, 2, noma le-3 kuye ngokuthi:
- Mangaki ama-node ahilelekile
- Lapho izinombolo zitholakala khona
- Yeka ukuthi ama-node amakhulu kangakanani
- Kungakanani umdlavuza kuwo
Inkambo yokwelashwa enconywayo izobe isekelwe ngokuyinhloko kwisiteji. Lesi sigaba sizophinde sisetshenziselwe ukuhlinzeka nge- ICD-10 ikhodi , okumele umshwalense wakho wezempilo azisebenzise ukuze avumele ukwelashwa.
I-Adenopathy nge-Cancer Adenopathy vs. Adenopathy ehlobene ne-Infection
Akuzona zonke izi-adenopathies ezifanayo. Ama-node enomdlavuza avame ukuba nzima, angenabuhlungu, futhi agxilwe ngokuqinile emathangeni aseduze. I-lymph node engenayo umdlavuza, ngokuphambene, ngokuvamile ibuhlungu ekuthinteni futhi izokwehla ngosayizi nobukhulu njengoba izixazululo zokutheleleka.
Uma kuthiwa, awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi kungani imbangela ye-adenopathy yizici zomzimba wedwa. Kwezinye izimo, njenge-node yomdlavuza ingacindezela inzwa eseduze bese ibangela ubuhlungu. Kwabanye, i-node enobungozi ingaba nzima futhi ayibuhlungu (njengalezo ezingenzeka nge- lymphadenopathy eqhubekayo ebonakalayo e-HIV).
Ingabe Nginomdlavuza Uma Ngiye Ngathukuthela I-Lymph Nodes?
I-Adenopathy iyimpawu engacacile engabangelwa yinoma iyiphi inamba yezinto. Ngokwakhe, i-adenopathy ayikho inani lokuhlonza. Ngokuvamile kunalokho, i-adenopathy izobangelwa ukutheleleka kunomdlavuza.
Uma kuthiwa, uma i-lymph nodes iqhubeka ivuvukala futhi / noma ikhudlwana, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha. Uma usuvele uthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza, welule udokotela wakho uma uthola noma iyiphi i-lymph nodes evimbayo kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Nieweg, O .; Uren, O .; no Thompson, J. "Umlando we-Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy." I-Canc J. 2015; 12 (1); 3-6; I-DOI 10.1097 / PPO.0000000000000091.
> West, H. noJin, J. "I-Lymph Nodes ne-Lymphadenopathy eCanscer." I-JAMA i-Oncol. 2016; 2 (7): 971; I-DOI 10.1001 / jamaoncol.2015.3509.