Ngokwenhlolovo kahulumeni (1), abantu abangama-36% base-US abaneminyaka engama-18 nangaphezulu basebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwezokwelapha ezihambisanayo kanye nezinye (CAM).
Kuyini i-CAM?
I-CAM ichazwa njengeqembu lezinhlelo ezahlukene zokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha nezempilo, imikhuba, nemikhiqizo engabhekwa njengengxenye yemithi ejwayelekile. Lapho umthandazo ngokuqondile ngezizathu zezempilo kufakwe enkcazweni ye-CAM, inani labantu abadala base-US abasebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-CAM ngonyaka odlule lukhuphukela ku-62%.
"Lokhu kutholakala okusha kuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu baseMelika baphendukela kanjani ezindleleni ze-CAM nethemba lokuthi bazosiza ukuphatha nokuvimbela izifo nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila," kusho uStephen E. Straus, MD, uMqondisi, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuqeda Imithi Ephelele (NCCAM).
"Idatha ayisize nje ekuqondeni ukuthi ubani osebenzisa i-CAM, yini esetshenzisiwe, futhi kungani, kodwa futhi ekutadisheni ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-CAM nezinye izici zezempilo, ezifana nezimo zezempilo ezingapheli, ukutholakala kwomshuwalense, nokuziphatha kwezempilo."
2002 Ucwaningo lwe-CAM lukaHulumeni
Lolu cwaningo, oluqondiswa abantu abadala abangaphezu kuka-31 000 base-US, lwaqhutshwa njengengxenye yeCenter for the Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) 2002 kazwelonke ye-National Health Survey Survey (NHIS).
Ethuthukiswe yi-NCCAM kanye ne-National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) ye-CDC, lolu cwaningo lwaluhlanganisa imibuzo ephathelene nezinhlobo ezingu-27 zama-CAM zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu e-United States.
Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo eziyi-10 zokwelashwa okusekelwe ekuhlinzekeni, njengokwenziwa kwe- acupuncture kanye ne- chiropractic , nezinye izifo ezingama-17 ezingadingi umhlinzeki, njengemikhiqizo yemvelo (amakhambi noma imikhiqizo ye-botanical), ukudla okukhethekile, nokwelashwa kwe-megavitamin.
Nakuba kuye kwaba nokuhlola okuningi kwe-CAM okwamanje, ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kuhlanganisa ukukhetha okuncane kwezinqubo zokwelapha ze-CAM.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, babevame ukuhlola amasampula ambalwa abantu ngokuyinhloko bathembele ocingweni noma emaphoyiseni ukuhlolwa ngokuhambisana nomuntu oxhumana naye asetshenziselwa lolu cwaningo. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela evela kwingxenye ye-CAM ye-NHIS inikeza imininingwane ephelele kunazo zonke kuze kube manje echaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-CAM ngabantu base-US abadala.
Imiphumela yocwaningo
Ngokubanzi, lolu cwaningo luveza ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-CAM kwakunkulu phakathi kwamaqembu ahlukene abantu, kuhlanganise nabesifazane, abantu abanezemfundo ephakeme, labo ababebekwe esibhedlela ngonyaka odlule, nabangaphambili ababhemayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nabokubhema abasha noma labo ababengakaze baphuze.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kwakuwukuhlola okuqala ukunikeza ulwazi olubanzi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-CAM ngamancane. Isibonelo, ithole ukuthi abantu abadala base-Afrika baseMelika bangamathuba amaningi kunabantu abamhlophe noma base-Asia ukusebenzisa i-CAM lapho ukwelashwa kwe-megavitamin nomthandazo kufakwe phakathi kwencazelo ye-CAM.
"Siqhubeka nokwandisa ulwazi lwezempilo esiqoqa kuleli zwe, kufaka phakathi ulwazi ngezenzo abantu abazithatha ekubhekaneni nezimo zabo zezempilo," kusho uMqondisi we-NCHS u-Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D.
"Eminyakeni edlule siye sigxila ekunakekeleni ukwelashwa kwendabuko , kepha leli qoqo elisha lemininingwane ye-CAM lithinta ngokulinganayo.
Okubonayo ukuthi amaphesenti amakhulu omphakathi abeka impilo yabo ezandleni zabo. "
Indlela i-CAM eyasetshenziswa ngayo
Izindlela ze-CAM ezavame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha ubuhlungu emuva noma izinkinga, amakhaza, ubuhlungu bentamo noma izinkinga, ubuhlungu obuhlangene noma ukuqina, nokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka, ngokusho kocwaningo.
Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala kuphela abangaba ngu-12% bafunwa ukunakekelwa kusuka kumsebenzi we-CAM onelayisense, okuphakamisa ukuthi abantu abaningi abasebenzisa i-CAM benza kanjalo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.
Imithi eminingi ejwayelekile ye-CAM
Ngokwenhlolovo, lezintambo eziyishumi ezijwayele ukusetshenziswa kwe-CAM kanye namaphesenti angama-US abantu abadala abasebenzisa ukwelashwa ngalunye kwaba:
- Umthandazo wezempilo, 43%
- Umthandazo ngabanye ngempilo yommangalelwa, 24%
- Imikhiqizo yemvelo (efana namakhambi, amanye ama-botanicals, nama-enzyme), 19%
- Ukuzivocavoca kakhulu, 12%
- Ukubamba iqhaza emkhakheni wokuthandazela impilo yakho, 10%
- Ukuzindla, 8%
- Ukunakekelwa kwe-Chiropractic, 8%
- Yoga, 5%
- Ukubhuka, 5%
- Izindlela zokwelashwa ezisuselwe ekudleni (njenge-Atkins, Pritikin, Ornish, ne-Zone), 4%
Okwenza Abantu basebenzise i-CAM
Ngaphezu kokuqoqa idatha ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhuba ye-CAM, lolu cwaningo lubuye lufune ulwazi mayelana nokuthi kungani abantu basebenzisa i-CAM. Ukuthola okuyisisekelo kubonisa ukuthi:
- Abantu abadala abangu-55% bathi bangase basebenzise i-CAM ngoba bakholelwa ukuthi kuzobasiza uma kuhlangene nokwelapha okuvamile
- U-50% ucabanga ukuthi i-CAM izothakazelisa ukuzama
- U-26% wasebenzisa i-CAM ngoba udokotela ovamile wezokwelapha wasikisela ukuthi bazame
- 13% basebenzisa i-CAM ngoba babe nomuzwa wokuthi imithi ejwayelekile yayigugu kakhulu
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lolu cwaningo lwathola ukuthi abantu abangaba ngu-28% basebenzisa i-CAM ngoba bakholelwa ukuthi ukwelashwa okuvamile ngeke kubasize ngenkinga yabo yezempilo. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa nokuthola kwangaphambilini ukuthi abasebenzisi be-CAM abangekho, ngokujwayelekile, abanelisekile ngemithi ejwayelekile.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi oluqukethwe kule sayithi luhloswe ngezinjongo zemfundo kuphela futhi aluthathi iseluleko, ukuxilongwa noma ukwelashwa ngudokotela olayisensi. Akuhloselwe ukumboza zonke izinyathelo zokuqapha, ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, izimo noma imiphumela emibi. Kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha kunoma yiziphi izinkinga zezempilo bese uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa enye imithi noma wenze ushintsho ohlelweni lwakho.
Imiphumela yocwaningo iveza amaphethini amasha okusetshenziswa kwe-CAM phakathi kwamaqembu ahlukene abantu futhi anikeze umthombo ocebile wedatha wocwaningo olusasa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yocwaningo inikeza isisekelo sokuhlola okuzayo, njengoba sakha incazelo ejwayelekile ye-CAM engasetshenziselwa ukulandelela ukuthambekela nokusabalalisa kokusetshenziswa kwe-CAM.
I-NCCAM, ingxenye yeZikole Zempilo Zikazwelonke, i-DHHS, inikezelwe ekuhloleni imikhuba yokuphulukisa ehambisanayo kanye nokunye emkhakheni wesayensi eqinile, abacwaningi beCAM abaqeqeshayo, nokusabalalisa ulwazi olugunyaziwe emphakathini nasezifundeni.
Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi, shayela i-NCCAM's Clearinghouse toll mahhala ngo-1-888-644-6226 noma vakashela iwebhusayithi ye-NCCAM ku-nccam.nih.gov.
I-NCHS iyinhlangano yamaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Inhloso ye-NCHS ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi lwezibalo oluzoqondisa izenzo nezinqubomgomo zokuthuthukisa impilo yabantu baseMelika. I-CDC ivikela impilo yabantu nokuphepha ngokuvimbela nokulawula izifo nokulimala; kuthuthukisa izinqumo zezempilo ngokuhlinzeka ngolwazi olungokwethenjelwa ezindabeni ezibucayi zezempilo; futhi kukhuthaza ukuphila okunempilo ngokubambisana okuqinile nezinhlangano zendawo, zezwe nezizwe zomhlaba wonke.
-------------------------------- 1. Barnes P, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, Nahin R. CDC Advance Umbiko weDatha # 343. Imithi Ephelele kanye Nezinye izindlela Sebenzisa phakathi kwabantu abadala: United States, 2002. Meyi 27, 2004.
Umthombo: Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo
http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/may2004/nccam-27.htm