Ingabe uyazibuza ukuthi yimiphi imithi engcono kakhulu ye-asthma yakho? Kuncike ekutheni i-asthma yomuntu ilukhuni kangakanani. Wonke umuntu onesifo sofuba kufanele abe nemithi yokunakekelwa etholakalayo, njenge- albuterol , ngokusizwa okusheshayo kwempawu ze-asthma. Noma kunjalo, iningi labantu abane-asthma lidinga imithi yokulawula. Imithi yokulawula isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izimpawu ze-asthma futhi ithathwa nsuku zonke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-asthma yomuntu yenza kanjani ngalolo suku.
Okokuqala, thola ukuthi i-asthma yakho ilawulwa; futhi ngabe kufanele ubone udokotela wakho ukuze ukwelashwa kwesilawuli (noma ukuphathwa okuhlukile kwesilawuli) kungabizwa.
Iyini Imithi Engcono Kakhulu Ye-Asthma?
Imithi yokulawula yilawo mithi ethathwa nsuku zonke (ngezinye izikhathi izikhathi eziningi ngosuku) kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimpawu zesifo se-asthma. Le mithi ithathwa sonke isikhathi ukuze ilawule ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwemimoya yomoya. Lokhu kubangela ukucasuka okuncane nokuncipha kwemisipha ehamba emoyeni we-airways ngakho-ke izimpawu ze-asthma ezimbalwa. Le mithi ngokuvamile ithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa emavikini ambalwa ukuze iqale ukusebenza, kodwa umuntu ophethe izaziso ze-asthma ukuthi kuyadingeka imithi yokusiza engaphansi.
Abaphathi Ababhemayo Abaningi Abatholakala
Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-steroids angenakulinganiswa njenge-Flovent (fluticasone) ne-Pulmicort (budesonide), i- leukotriene blockers efana ne-Singulair (i-montelukast), kanye nokwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe nama-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside njenge- Advair (i-fluticasone / salmeterol) ne-Symbicort (budesonide / formoterol) .
Eminye imithi, efana ne- theophylline ne- Xolair , isetshenziselwa ukufaka i-corticosteroid noma i-leukotriene blocker ukulawula i-asthma. Kungavamile isiguli ukuthatha kuphela i-theophylline noma i-Xolair ngaphandle kweminye imithi yokwelapha isifuba somoya.
Yikuphi Ukwelapha Umuntu Okungenzeka Eqinisweni Athathe Ngokuvamile?
Akunandaba ukuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani uma umuntu ekhohlwa ukuthatha.
Abantu abaningi bathanda umqondo wokuthatha iphilisi yansuku zonke, njenge-Singulair, ngokulawula okuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-asthma yabo. Ngeshwa, i-Singulair ayiyona imithi emihle ye-asthma imithi yabantu abaningi, nakuba isebenza kahle kwabanye. Kungaba kuhle ukuzama imithi efana ne-Singulair, uma nje kuhlolwa kabusha ukulawulwa kwe-asthma ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa. Ama-steroid amaningi akhiphekile athathwa kabili ngosuku, nakuba amanye avunyelwe i-FDA kanye kanye ngosuku (njenge-Asmanex).
Yimuphi Umuthi Ongase Ukwazi Ukulawula I-Asthma Yomuntu?
I-steroids engabhalisiwe yiyindlela ekhethiwe yokulawula imithi yabantu abane-asthma engalawuleki. Le mithi inikeza ukulawula kangcono izimpawu ze-asthma futhi ivimbele ukuhlaselwa kwe-asthma esikhathini esizayo kangcono kunabalandeli be-leukotriene. Kulabo bantu abane-asthma abangayilawulwa kahle kwi-steroid ephazamisekile noma labo abane-asthma eyingozi kakhulu, inhlanganisela ye-steroid engaxhunyiwe kanye ne-beta-agonist ende esebenza isikhathi eside ingadingeka. Le nqubo yokwelapha ihlanganiswa iyindlela engcono kunazo zonke zalaba bantu, okuholela ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-asthma, ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wamaphaphu, nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokukhulula.
Yimuphi umuthi we-Asthma Medicine Owungcwele, Okwamanje Ulawula Izibonakaliso Ze-Asthma?
Ngokuvamile, imithi ye-asthma iyindlela yokwelapha ephephile, futhi ngokuvamile, izinzuzo zale mithi zidlula kakhulu izingozi zazo.
Lokho kuthiwa, kunemiphumela emibi eminingi okufanele icatshangelwe ngezokwelapha ezihlukahlukene zezilawuli. Nazi ezinye izixhumanisi ohlahleni lwemiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yemithi yokulawula i-asthma:
- I-corticosteroids engenakulinganiswa ibangela ukuxubha, ukukhuphula ukukhula kanye ne-bone thinning.
- I-Singulair ibangela isimo sengqondo nokushintsha kokuziphatha.
- I-corticosteroids kanye nama-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside (njenge-Advair) abangela ukuhlukumezeka kwesifuba emazweni athile.
- I-Xolair ebangela i-anaphylaxis (ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergenic).
- I-Theophylline ebangela ama-arrhythmias enhliziyo .
Imithombo:
> Dennis RJ, Solarte I, Rodrigo G. Isimo Sabantu Abadala. I-BMJ Clin Evid. 2011.13; 2011.
> Umbiko wePhaneli Yabahloli 3 (EPR3): Imihlahlandlela Yokuthola Ukuphathwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Asthma. 2007.