I-Anatomy ne-Physiology ye-Diaphragm
Yisiphi isici se-diaphragm, yimuphi umsebenzi wayo, futhi yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingathinta le misipha?
Isakhiwo (i-Anatomy) se-Diaphragm
I-diaphragm imisipha efana neparachute ehlukanisa isifuba esiswini. Limelela phansi kwesigxobo se-thoracic kanye nesilingi sesigxobo esiswini.
Kukhona izivulo ezingu-3 (izimbobo) ngokusebenzisa umdwebo:
- Ukuvulwa kwe-esophageal: I- oophagus idlulela kuyo.
- Ukuvulwa kwe-aortic: I-aorta, i-thoracic, ne-vein pass pass.
- Ukuvulwa kwamahhashi: Ngaphansi kwalokho i-inferior vena cava (isitsha esikhulu segazi esabuyisa igazi emilenzeni nasemzimbeni ophansi kuya enhliziyweni) iyahamba.
I-diaphragm ibonakala sengathi ihlukaniswe ngama-halves amabili, noma "ama-hemi-diaphragms." (Hemi igama elihunyushwe lisho isigamu.) Uhlangothi ngalunye lwe-diaphragm luhlinzekwa yisisindo (isisindo se-phrenic ne-right phrenic isisindo) esilawula imisipha. I-prenus ye-phrenic iqala ngaphakathi kwe-plexus yomlomo wesibeletho (izinzwa eziphuma emthonjeni womgogodla entanyeni) ezithwala izinzwa eziqala ezimpandeni ze-C3 kuya ku-C5 (izinzwa ezivela eduze kwentamo nge-3 rd kuya ku-5 th vertebrae yomlomo wesibeletho.)
Umsebenzi (Physiology) we-Diaphragm
I-diaphragm idlala indima ebalulekile yokuphefumula (ukuphefumula.) Uma i-diaphragm ivumelana futhi iyancipha, iyanciphisa ukucindezelwa emgodini we-thoracic, okwenza umfutho womoya ozofika kuwo.
Lapho i-diaphragm ixosha, umoya ukhululiwe.
Esikhathini esiningi isikhalazo sivumelana ngendlela engavumelekile, yingakho siqhubeka nokuphefumula uma silele, kodwa kungenziwa isivumelwano ngokuzikhethela. I-muscle isetshenzisiwe hhayi kuphela ekutheni inhalation ne-exhalation yephoqelekile, kodwa ngokukhwehlela, ukukhipha, ukuhlanza, ukuvuthwa, ukuphazamisa (ukudlula ukunyakaza kwamathumbu), nokubeletha.
Ukuphefumula okuyi-diaphragm kuyindlela esetshenziselwa ukuqinisa imfucuza , evumela umoya oningi ukuba ungene futhi uphume emaphashini ngaphandle kokukhathala izinsizi zesifuba.
Izimo Zezokwelapha Ezifaka Ingxube
Kunezimo eziningana zezokwelapha ezingase zihlotshaniswe nesifenqo noma ukungajwayelekile kwe-diaphragm. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
Ama-hiccups: Uma i-diaphragm icasuliwe, njengalapho iphuza i-carbonated soda, ingakwazi ukusebenzisana ngokuzibophezela ngokuholela kulokho esikwaziyo njenge-hiccups. Umsindo we-hiccups ubangelwa uma umoya usuphelile ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho izinkontileka ze-diaphragm.
Hernia yamaHiatal: Uma i-diaphragm ibuthakathaka esifundeni lapho i-oophagus idlula khona, ibizwa ngokuthi i- hernia hiatal . I-heratal hiatal ivumela isisu esingaphansi futhi ngezinye izikhathi isisu sidlule esiteshini esiswini esiswini esifubeni. Lokhu nakho kungabangela isifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD) eholele ekuguleni kwenhliziyo nokuziphendulela.
I-Hernia ye-Congenital ye-Diaphragmatic: Ku-1 ngo-2000 abazalwa ngokuzalwa, noma olunye uhlangothi noma lonke i-diaphragm ehluleka ukuthuthukisa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, okuqukethwe kwesikhumba esiswini kwesibindi kungena emgodini wesifuba, okuvame ukuholela ekuthuthukiseni okungaphelele kwamapayipi (i-pulmonary hypoplasia.) Eminyakeni yamuva kwenziwa ukuqhuma okukhulu ekusekeleni izingane ezinomtholampilo ongenawo umfutho, kuhlanganise nokuhlinzwa i-diaphragm yokufakelwa engakwazi ukukhula ngokukhula ingakhiwa.
Ukukhubazeka kwe-Diaphragm: I-diaphragm ingaba yinkimbinkimbi noma ingxenye noma ingenxa yomonakalo wezinzwa ezinikeza isithombeni. Lezi zinzwa zingalimala ngezindlela eziningana:
- Ukusuka ekucindezelweni ngenxa yesifo esicindezelayo emndenini we-phrenic esifubeni (njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu) noma eduze komgogodla wesibeletho noma ubuchopho be-brainstem.
- Ukusuka emathunjini kuya emathunjini esifubeni noma kuphi lapho kusakazwa khona izinzwa.
- Kusukela ezimweni zezinzwa ezifana ne- neuropathy yesifo sikashukela , i- Guillain -Barre syndrome , ne- dystrophy yemisipha .
Uma kuphela uhlangothi olulodwa lwe-diaphragm lukhubazekile, ludlulela ngendlela engafani yezinto ezingalindelwe, ukuhamba ngesikhathi sokuphefumula nokuphumula ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwamanzi.
Lokhu kungabangela ukuphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma ulele phansi, phakathi kwezinye izimpawu.
Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-Diaphragm
Ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye ye-diaphragm isuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Le nqubo ingenziwa kubantu abahlinzekwa nge- mesothelioma -umdlavuza wamapayipi amaphaphu (i-pleura) -iyo ingasakazeka futhi ifaka i-diaphragm.
Ngezansi kuKwakhiwa kanye nokusebenza kwe-Diaphragm
I-anatomy imisipha ehlukanisa isikhumba esifubeni esiswini somzimba futhi sidlala ingxenye ebalulekile ekuphefumuleni. Abantu abaningi bajwayele ukuchotshozwa kwe-diaphragm ene-hiccups, kodwa ukungasebenzi kwalesi musipha kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Ukukhubazeka kwe-diaphragm kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwe-vacuum okudonsa umoya emaphashini ngesikhathi sokuphuza. Kuwukukhubazeka kwalesi sifo esivame ukwesaba nge-Guillain-Barre syndrome namuhla, kanye ne-poliomyelitis esikhathini esidlule.
Uma i-hernia (ubuthakathaka) ikhona kule-diaphragm, okuqukethwe kwesisu njengesisu esingaphansi nesisu singadlulela emgodini wesifuba okubangelwa i-acid reflux kanye nezinkinga ze-acid reflux. Ukwelashwa ukulungisa imithi yokuzalwa engavamile kuyadingeka kakhulu ukulungisa inkinga.
> Imithombo:
> I-Library Kazwelonke Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha. I-Medline Plus. I-Diaphragm namaphaphu. Kubuyekezwe 08/16/17. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/19380.htm