I-cardiomyopathy ehlukumezayo yinkinga lapho i-ventricles eyodwa noma zombili ze-ventricles zinciphisa futhi zihlanjululwa. Ngokuvamile kuholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo kanye nase- arrhythmias yenhliziyo - ikakhulukazi i-fibrillation ye-atrial - futhi ingaholela ekufeni okungazelelwe. I-cardiomyopathy ehlukumezayo iyona evame kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo ezintathu ze-cardiomyopathy (isifo senhliziyo senhliziyo), ezinye ezimbili ziyi- cardiomyopathy ye-hypertrophic kanye ne-cardiomyopathy yokuvimbela.
Kungani Kudliwa, Futhi Kungani Kubalulekile?
Cishe noma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha esingabangela ukwehliswa kwesisipha senhliziyo kungabangela ukuphelelwa yisifo senhliziyo. Uma imisipha yomzimba iyancipha, ayikwazi ukuyibopha ngokugcwele. Inhliziyo izama ukukhokhela lokhu kuqiniswa ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuvuselelwa, okuhlale iholela ekwakheni amakamelo enhliziyo.
Ukujula kuhlanganisa imisipha yenhliziyo, okusiza - okwesikhathi esithile, okungenani - ukulondoloza ezinye zamandla ezinqamulelayo zomzimba. Futhi, i-ventricle ehlanjululwe iyakwazi ukubamba igazi elingaphezulu. Ngenxa yokuhlenga, ngisho noma i-ventricle ebuthakathaka iyakwazi ukukhipha, ithi, kuphela i-30% yegazi elibambe (uma kuqhathaniswa ne-50% evamile), ivolumu yenani legazi elikhishwa ngenhliziyo ngayinye lingagcinwa - kuze kube iphuzu. (Iphesenti yegazi elikhishwa kusukela ku-ventricle kwesokunxele ngenhliziyo ngayinye ibizwa ngokuthi ingxenyana ye-ventricular ejection, noma i-LVEF .
Ukulinganisa i-LVEF kubonakala kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola impilo jikelele yenhliziyo.)
Okubalulekile ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwamagumbi enhliziyo kuyindlela yokubuyisela imali ehlinzeka ukuphumula okwesikhashana uma inhlitiyo yenhliziyo ibuthakathaka. Ngeshwa, esikhathini esiyisikhathi eside, ukujula ngokweqile kuvame ukuqhubeka buthaka amandla emisipha yenhliziyo.
Ekugcineni, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngokweqile kuvame ukukhula.
Uma uye wanciphisa inhliziyo, kuzodingeka ukuthi wena nodokotela wakho basebenze ndawonye ukuze nibone imbangela eyimbangela, ngoba ukuphatha ngobuhlungu imbangela eyisizathu kuvame ukugxila ekuvimbeleni ukuqhuma kwenhliziyo.
Izimbangela ze-Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Cishe noma yisiphi isifo senhliziyo esingalimaza isisu senhliziyo singabangela ukuphefumula komzimba. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ziyi:
- I-coronary artery disease (CAD) : I- CAD iyimbangela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ze-cardiomyopathy ehlanganisiwe. I-CAD ivame ukhiqiza i-cardiomyopathy ekhuphukile ngokubangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-myocardial (ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo), okulimaza inhlitiyo yenhliziyo.
- Izifo: Izifo eziningana ezithathelwanayo zingahlasela futhi zinciphise imisipha yenhliziyo. Lezi zihlanganisa izifo eziningi zegciwane, isifo se-Lyme , ukutheleleka nge-HIV, nesifo se-Chagas.
- Isifo senhliziyo se- Valvular : Isifo senhliziyo se- valvular, ikakhulukazi ukuvuselelwa kwe-aortic , nokuphindaphindiwe kwe-mitral , kuvame ukukhiqiza inhliziyo eguqulekile.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu: Nakuba i-hypertension ivame ukhiqiza i-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy noma ukukhubazeka kwe-diastolic , ekugcineni, kungabangela nomzimba wokuhlaselwa komzimba.
- Utshwala: Kwezinye izidakamizwa ezidalwa izakhi zofuzo, utshwala luyisifo esinamandla kakhulu esiyinkimbinkimbi yenhliziyo futhi kuholela ekufweni kwenhliziyo.
- I-Cocaine: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Cocaine kuye kwahlotshaniswa ne-cardiomyopathy ehlanganisiwe.
- Isifo se-thyroid : isifo se- Thyroid - noma i-hyperthyroidism (igciwane le-thyroid elisebenzayo kakhulu) noma i-hypothyroidism (ingubo ye-thyroid ayisebenzisi ngokwanele) - ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo. I-Hyperthyroidism cishe ingabangela ukubola kwe-cardiomyopathy, kuyilapho i-hypothyroidism ingase ibangele ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ye-diastolic.
- Ukudla okunomsoco: Ukungahambi kahle kwempilo - ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B1 - kungabangela ukukhathazeka komzimba. Leli fomu le-cardiomyopathy liyabonakala kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka, nasezidakwa.
- I-Postpartum: I- Postpartum cardiomyopathy yindlela yokushaya inhliziyo eyenzeka ngezizathu ezingaziwa, ezihlobene nokubeletha.
- I-Genetic: Kunezinhlobo zezofuzo zesifo se-cardiomyopathy. Yingakho eminye imindeni ibhekana ngokucacile nesigameko esikhulu kakhulu sokuphelelwa yisifo senhliziyo.
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo: Izifo ze- Lupus ne-celiac yizinqubo ezizenzekelayo eziholela ekufakeni inhliziyo enomzimba.
- I-cardiac "yokusebenza ngokweqile": Noma yisiphi isimo esibangela ukuba imisipha yenhliziyo isebenze kanzima isikhathi esithile eside (amasonto noma izinyanga) ingagcina ibangele ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo nokunciphisa imisipha yenhliziyo. Izimo ezinjalo zihlanganisa i-anemia esinde isikhathi eside, ama-tachycardias angavamile (amazinga e-heart ngokushesha), i-hyperthyroidism engapheli, kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile okukhiqizwa amagagasi enhliziyo evulekile (regurgitant).
- Ukucindezeleka I-cardiomyopathy: Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-heart syndrome ephukile," kuyindlela yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ehlotshaniswa nokucindezeleka okukhulu, okuvame ukubonwa kwabesifazane.
- Izimo ezihlukahlukene: Izimo eziningi eziningana zingabangela ukuguquka kwesifo senhliziyo, kuhlanganise ne- sarcoidosis , isifo sezinso sokuphela kwesifo, kanye nokuphefumula kwesifo sokulala.
- Idiopathic: Ezimweni eziningi, izimbangela eziqondile ze-cardiomyopathy ehlanganisiwe azikwazi ukubonakala. Kulezi zimo, kuthiwa i-cardiomyopathy ehlanjululwe "idiopathic."
Okubalulekile
Ukwelapha ngokucophelela umzimba wakho ohlotshisiwe kudinga ukuba udokotela wakho enze yonke imizamo yokubona imbangela eyimbangela, bese uphatha leso sizathu esiyinhloko ngokugcwele ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma wena noma othandekayo utshelwe ukuthi ukhulise inhliziyo yakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngesibalo sakho, nokuthi yini engenziwa ngakho.
> Imithombo:
> Biagini E, Coccolo F, Ferlito M, et al. I-Dilated-hypokinetic Evolution ye-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Ukusabalalisa, Isimo, Izingozi, kanye Neziphakamiso Zokubikezela ezigulini zezingane kanye neziguli. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1543.
> U-A, Ahn E, iSoor GS, Butany J. Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Isibuyekezo. J Clin Pathol 2009; 62: 219.