Ukulala ngokweqile, izinkinga zokukhathazeka zingase ziphakamise ukuphazamiseka kokulala
Ingane elele noma enganaki iyisizathu sokukhathazeka. Isikhathi esibucayi sentuthuko esukela kusukela ebuntwaneni ebusheni ekukhuleni sisetha isigaba sokuphumelela impilo yonke. Lokhu kuxhomeke emqondweni ophumule futhi owamukelayo. Izinkinga zokunakekelwa okunjengoba zenzeka ekunakekelweni kokulahlekelwa kokugula (ADHD) kungenzeka zijwayele, kodwa kunezinye izinkinga zokulala ezingase zonakalise ikhono lomntanakho lokufunda.
I- narcolepsy ithinta kanjani izingane? Kutholakala kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo? Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-narcolepsy nokuthi ingathinta kanjani ingane yakho ngokungalindelekile.
I-Incidence ye-Narcolepsy ku-Young
Nakuba ngokuvamile kubhekwa phakathi kwabantu abadala, i-narcolepsy impela inamaphutha amabili. Ukuhlukunyezwa kuqala kuvela ebuntwaneni nasebusheni, kubonakala ngokulinganiselwa eminyakeni engama-14.7 (bese kuthi emva kwalokho kukhishwa futhi lapho uneminyaka engu-35). Eqinisweni, abangaphezu kwesigamu sabantu abanezinkinga zokuhlukunyezwa babika ukuqala kwezibonakaliso zabo ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-20.
Iminyaka encane yokuqala ihlotshaniswa nomlando womndeni wesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ezibonisa lesi sifo zivame ukuba nzima nakakhulu kulabo abakha lesi sifo ekuqaleni.
Ngisho noma lesi sifo singase sikhule ngesikhathi esincane kakhulu, ngokuvamile kuvame ukubambezeleka ekuxilongweni kwezidakamizwa . Izimpawu zinganakwa noma zingachazwisiswa kahle.
Lokhu kungabangela ukubambezeleka ekuqaphelisweni okufanele kwalesi simo isilinganiso seminyaka eyi-10.5 emva kokuqala kwesifo.
Izimpawu
Esinye sezibonakaliso zokuqala ezibonisa ukuhlukunyezwa ezinganeni kubuthongo obukhulu ngokweqile , okubikwe ngamaphesenti angu-65.5 wamacala njengesibonakaliso sokuqala. Lokhu kuyinto engavamile phakathi kwezinkinga zokulala ezinganeni.
Ngokungafani nabantu abadala abangase babonakale belele, izingane zingase zisebenzise noma zicasule lapho ubuthongo babo behlehlisiwe. Uma kunjalo, ukulala ngokweqile (noma i-hypersomnolence) kungase kube inkinga.
Ngaphandle kokulala ngokweqile, kunezinye izici eziphawulekayo zokuhlukumeza . Omunye wabo, u-cataplexy, uhlukile kakhulu. Abantu abanezinkinga ze-narcolepsy bavame ukulahleka ngokungazelelwe kwezwi elimnyama ngokuphendula okwenziwe ngokomzwelo. Isibonelo, ukumangala kungase kubangele ukuqhuma kwamadolo nokuwa kungazelelwe. Yize lesi sibonakaliso singase senzeke ngamaphesenti angu-60 abantu abanezinkinga zezinkinga, izingane azivame ukuletha nge-cataplexy.
Ucwaningo oluthile lubonisa ukuthi kungase kube nezinkinga nge-metabolism ezinganeni ezinezinkinga eziphuthumayo. I-metabolism ilawulwa yingxenye yobuchopho okuthiwa i- hypothalamus , ne-dysfunction lapha futhi ihlotshaniswa ne-narcolepsy. Lokhu kungabangela abantwana abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele ngokukwanda kwenani lomzimba (BMI). Izingane zingase zithole isisindo lapho ziqala izimpawu zabo eziphuthumayo.
Izingane ezine-narcolepsy zingase zihlolwe ngendlela engafanele nezinye izinkinga zokuziphatha noma zengqondo. Ukulala ngokweqile kungabangela izinkinga ngokugxila, ukunakwa, nokufunda.
Lokhu kungaholela ekuxilongweni kwe-ADHD. Izingane ezine-narcolepsy zingase zithathwe njengokucindezeleka, ukulala noma "ukuvilapha." Bangase bacatshangwe ukuthi banokukhubazeka kokungabikho kwesifo.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuhlolwa okucophelele ngodokotela wezingane, ikakhulukazi owaziyo ekuhluphekeni kokulala, kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekutholeni ukuhlaziywa kwezidakamizwa. Izifundo zokulala ezengeziwe zingasetshenziswa futhi ukuxilonga lesi simo.
Isifundo sokulala esijwayelekile sibizwa ngokuthi i- polysomnogram . Uma kucatshangwa ngezidakamizwa, ngokuvamile kuvamise izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-8 kanye nesinye isifundo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-multiple latency test (MSLT). Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ekulawuleni ezinye izifo zokulala, kuhlanganise ne-apnea yokulala noma i-syndrome yokuhamba ngezinyawo ngezikhathi ezithile.
Bangase babone ushintsho ekwakheni izakhiwo zokulala, beveza ukwehlisa ukuvimbela ukulala nokuqalisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo okusheshayo (REM) ukulala.
Kukhona ezinye izivivinyo ezimbalwa ezingasetshenziselwa ukukhomba izingane ezinezinkinga eziphuthumayo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kuvame ukumbonisa phansi kakhulu kumazinga angatholakali wezithunywa zamakhemikhali, noma i-neurotransmitter, ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypocretin-1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-DQB1-0602 ye-leukocyte yomuntu nakho kungenziwa (nakuba le antigen ivame ukuba khona kulabo abangenalo isifo, okwenza kube lula kakhulu).
Izinketho zokwelapha
Njengabadala abanesifo sokuphuza izingane, ukhetho lwezokwelapha ezinganeni ezinezinkinga eziphuthumayo zihlanganisa ukuvuselela ukunciphisa ubuthongo bemini kanye nama-agent okumele aphazamise ukulala kwe-REM.
Ukuvuselelwa kwezidakamizwa, kuhlanganise nemithi ebizwa nge-amphetamine efana ne-modafinil (ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Brand Provigil), isetshenziselwa ukukhulula ubuthongo obuningi obusuku lwezinsuku obulingisa izingane ezincane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba usizo ukuvimbela ukubuthwa kwe-REM ngemithi, njenge-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiwe kanye nama-anti-depressants ama-tricyclic (TCAs). Njengoba ukuhlukunyezwa ekugcineni kubonakala kubangelwa inkinga eqondisa ukulala kwezwe, okuholela ku-REM ukulala ngokungenakufaneleka ekuvukeni, le mithi iyasiza. Lezi imithi ngokuvamile zigcinwe amacala uma ezinye izici ze-narcolepsy zikhona, kufaka phakathi i-cataplexy, i-hallucinations, nokulala ukukhubazeka.
Okokugcina, i-oxybate ye-sodium (edayiswa njenge-Xyrem) itholakale iphumelela ekunciphiseni ubuthongo obukhulu ngokweqile emini kanye ne-cataplexy ezinganeni.
Uma ukhathazekile ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba nobuthongo obuningi obusukuma kanye nezinye izinkinga ezihambisanayo ezibonisa ukuhlukumeza, ungaqala ngokukhuluma nodokotela wezingane ngokukhathazeka kwakho. Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kungalungiswa ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ngabe ukuhlukunyezwa kungase kwenzeke yini ukukhathazeka kwakho, okungavimbela ukubambezeleka kokuxilongwa nokusiza ingane yakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi esibucayi sokuthuthukiswa.
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