Ukuqonda Ukungqubuzana E-Afrika (Okumnyama) kanye neLimpphoma ye-Burkitt ye-Sporadic
Iyini i-lymphoma kaBurkitt, yiziphi izimbangela, futhi iphathwa kanjani?
Sibutsetelo
I-Burkitt's lymphoma (noma i-Burkitt Lymphoma) uhlobo olungavamile lwe- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) . I-Burkitt's lymphoma ivame ukuthinta izingane. Uhlobo olunamandla kakhulu lwe-B-cell lymphoma oluvame ukuqala futhi luhilela izingxenye zomzimba ngaphandle kwama- lymph nodes . Naphezu kokukhula kwayo okusheshayo, i-Burkitt's lymphoma ivame ukuphulukiswa nemithi yokwelashwa enamuhla.
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezibanzi ze-Burkitt's lymphoma - izinhlobo ezincane nezinhlobo eziphilayo. Kunesifo esiphezulu kakhulu lesi sifo e-equatorial Africa, kanti izifo ezikulesi sifundazwe zibizwa ngokuthi i-lymphoma ejwayelekile yeBurkitt. Izifo kwezinye izifunda zomhlaba zivame kakhulu futhi zibizwa ngokuthi i-lkphoma ye-Burkitt ye-sporadic. Nakuba ziyisifo esifanayo, lezi zindlela ezimbili zihlukile ngezindlela eziningi.
I-Ebola (i-Afrika) ye-Burkitt's Lymphoma
E-Equatorial Africa, cishe ingxenye yesigungu sezingane zomdlavuza yizingane zikaBurkitt. Lesi sifo sihilela izingane kakhulu kunabantu abadala futhi sihlobene nokutheleleka kwe- Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) kuma-98% amacala. I-characteristically has a high chance of involvement in the jawbone, isici esivelele esingajwayelekile kubantu bakaBurkitt. Ngokuvamile kuhilela isisu.
I-Lymphoma ye-Burkitt ye-Sporadic
Uhlobo lwe-Burkitt's lymphoma oluthinta lonke izwe, kuhlanganise naseYurophu naseMelika yilolu hlobo oluthile.
Nalapha, kubaluleke kakhulu isifo ezinganeni, ukuthi sinomthwalo wesigamu sesithathu se-lymphomas ezinganeni zase-United States. Isixhumanisi esiphakathi kwe-Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) asinamandla njengezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, nakuba ubufakazi obuqondile bokutheleleka kwe-EBV bukhona kwesinye seziguli ezinhlanu. Ngaphezu kokubandakanyeka kwama-lymph nodes, yisisu esisithinteka kakhulu ezingaphezu kwezingu-90% zezingane.
Ukubandakanyeka komnyoba we-bone kunzima kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene. Ukubandakanya kwama-jaw kuyinto engavamile kakhulu.
Izinhlobo Ezijwayelekile Ezijwayelekile
Izinhlobo ezimbili ezingavamile kakhulu ze-Burkitt's lymphoma zihlanganisa:
- Uhlobo oluphakathi, olunezici zombili ze-Burkitt's lymphoma kanye nokwahlukana okukhulu kwe-B-cell lymphoma .
- I-HIV- ehlanganisiwe i-lymphoma, ehlobene nokutheleleka nge-HIV.
Izigaba
Lesi sifo singahle siphule kancane kancane sibe yizigaba ezine ezihlukene (inothi: lokhu akuphelelanga futhi kungase kube khona ukuxoxisana kwezinye izimo.)
Isigaba I - Isifo I-Stage sisho ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona endaweni eyodwa kuphela emzimbeni.
Isigaba II - Isigaba II I-Burkitt's lymphomas zikhona ezingeni elilodwa, kepha zombili amasayithi ahlangothini olulodwa lwesigxathu .
Isigaba III - Isifo se-Stage III sitholakale ema-lymph nodes noma ezinye izingosi zombili zomcabisholo.
Isigaba IV - Isifo se-Stage IV sihlanganisa i-lymphomas etholakala emnothweni wethambo noma ebuchosheni (isimiso senzwa esiyinhloko).
Izimbangela Nezici Zengozi
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, i-Epstein-Barr ihlotshaniswa neningi lamacala e-Burkitt's lymphoma, kanye nezinye izifo zesifo esincane. Ukuzikhumbuza umzimba kuyinto engozini, futhi e-Afrika, kucatshangwa ukuthi i-malaria ingabeka izingane zibe yingozi engozini ye-Epstein-Barr.
Ukwelapha
I-Burkitt's lymphoma iyisisu esinamandla kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile isongela ukuphila. Kodwa futhi ngenye yezinhlobo zokuphulukiswa ezingaphezulu kwe-lymphoma. Ukuze uzwisise lokhu kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi ukuhlasela kwamakhemikhali kumaseli ahlukana kakhulu. Ikhono lokusebenzisa i-chemotherapy lenze ezinye ze-lymphoma ezinamandla kunayo yonke kanye ne-leukemias yesikhathi esedlule, esinokwelashwa kakhulu futhi esingaphilika okwamanje.
Ngezinhlobo zamanje zamanyala ze-chemotherapy ezisebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokwezinga eliphakeme, futhi ngokutholakala kwezinyathelo ezintsha zokusekela abantu ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kanzima, le lymphoma iyaphila ezigulini eziningi.
Ngokuvamile cishe amaphesenti angu-80 alabo abanezifo zendawo kanye nengxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yezingane ezinezifo ezandakazeke kakhulu zelashwa. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kwesikhathi akubonwanga.
Isibikezelo
Isibikezelo seBurkitt's lymphoma e-United States sithuthukile ngokuphawulekayo eminyakeni yamuva. Phakathi kuka-2002 no-2008 izinga lokusinda iminyaka engu-5 laphuma kusuka ku-71 kuya kwangu-87% kwabantwana phakathi kokuzalwa kanye no-19 ubudala. Kulabo abaneminyaka engama-20 kuya ku-39 inani lokusinda likhuphukile lisuka ku-35 kuya kwezingama-60%, kanti neziguli ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 izinga lokusinda lithuthukisiwe futhi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo ekwelapheni, kanye nokuphathwa kwemiphumela emibi, kwenzekile.
Ukubhekana
Kungaba ukwesaba ukutholakala ukuthi une-lymphoma, futhi kubi nakakhulu uma kungumntwana wakho otholwe. Ukukhulisa ingane kuthatha umzana ukuqala, kodwa uzodinga uhlelo lwakho lokusekela kunanini ngaphambili kulokhu. Finyelela kwabanye. Lesi sifo asivamile, kodwa ngezindaba zomphakathi, kunomphakathi osebenzayo we-inthanethi wabantu ababhekana nalesi sifo ongangena no-24/7 ukuze uthole ukusekelwa. Izinhlangano ze-Lymphoma ne-leukemia zingakunikeza usizo olwengeziwe endleleni.
Imithombo
UCoghill, A., no-A. Hildesheim. Ama-antibodies e-Epstein-Barr virus kanye nobungozi bokuhlukunyezwa okuhlobene: ukubuyekezwa kwezincwadi. I-American Journal of Epidemiology . 2014. 180 (7): 687-95.
Costa, L., Xavier, A., Wahlquist, A., no-E. Hill. Amathrendi ekusindeni kweziguli ezine-Burkitt lymphoma / leukemia e-USA: ukuhlaziywa kwamacala angu-3691. Igazi . 121 (24): 4861-6.
Dunleavy, K., Pittaluga, S., Shovlin, M, et al. Ukwelapha okunamandla kakhulu kubantu abadala abane-Burkitt's lymphoma. I-New England Journal of Medicine . 2013. 369 (20): 1915-25.
I-National Cancer Institute. I-PDQ ye-Cancer Summaries Information. Ingane engeyona i-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment (PDQ). I-Health Professional Version. 09/29/15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65738/#CDR0000062808__1