Yeka Indlela Yokwenyuka Yokunciphisa Emincane Eyenziwa Ngayo
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic, okubhekiselwe ekuhlinzekeni okungenasidingo (MIS), kuhilela ukusebenzisa idivayisi elincane, elibulalayo elibizwa ngokuthi i-laparoscope elifakwe ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa kwesihluthulelo esiswini noma kwesikhumba ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi eyayisidinga ukucubungula okukhulu.
Ngoba le nqubo ihilela amanxeba amancane, izikhathi zokuphumula zivame ukufinyeza ngobuhlungu obuncane.
I-laparoscopy yanamuhla yaqashwa kuqala ngasekupheleni kwe-1940 ukukwenza ukuhlaziywa komzimba kodwa yafika yodwa ngawo-1970 nangama-1980 lapho i-laparoscopes yokuqala ibenelungelo lobunikazi lokusetshenziswa okubanzi.
Namuhla, i-laparoscopy iqhutshwa njalo ukuphatha izimo eziningi zezokwelapha. Lapho uhlelo lwe-keyhole lokuhlinzwa lusetshenziswa emgodini wesifuba, kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-thoracoscopic .
Mayelana neLaparoscope
Isihluthulelo ekuthuthukiseni ukuhlinzekwa okuncane okungavamile kwakuyi-laparoscope ngokwayo. I-laparoscope iyisetshenziswa eside eside, esiqinile esiyi-fiber-optic esifakwa emzimbeni ukubuka izitho zangaphakathi nezakhiwo.
Amamodeli amadala afakwe ilensi ye-telescopic exhunywe kwikhamera yevidiyo, kuyilapho abasha beba nekhamera yedijithali encane ephakanyisiwe ekugcineni kwebhu. Umthombo okhanyayo unikezwa usebenzisa i-LED, i-halogen, i-xenon noma i-solarc lightbulb.
Izitsha ze-laparoscopic ngokuvamile zenziwe ngensimbi engenasici enhle.
Umthamo we-tubular omncane ungaba usayizi kusuka kumamitha amancane amathathu (0.12 amasentimitha) kuya kwamamitha angaphezu kuka-10 ububanzi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinamathiselo ezitholakalayo zokwenza ukuhlinzwa okucacile, kubandakanya izikhali, izinsimbi, abathintekayo, nabashayeli bezinaliti (esetshenziswa ukubamba izinaliti ezihlinzayo ngenkathi behlupha isilonda).
Ukuhlinzwa Kwenziwe I-Laparoscopic Yenzani
Esikhundleni sokwenza umshini omude, ovulekile emzimbeni, ukuhlinzeka kwe-laparoscopic kudinga ukucubungula okuncane noma okuncane okuvamile (ngokuvamile kuyisentimitha sesigamu nengxenye ubude) lapho kufakwe khona izikhala. Ukuhlinzwa ngokwayo kuqondiswa isithombe sokuvala ividiyo esibhekwa ngaphandle kweso.
Ukuze kuhlinzekwe udokotela ohlinzayo ukwedlula indawo yokusebenza, lo mkhakha uzovame ukugcwala i-carbon dioxide ecindezelekile (CO2), okubili okungenakuvutha futhi engena emzimbeni kalula.
I-laparoscopy iyinkimbinkimbi ephathelene nokusebenza okudinga ukusebenzisana ngezandla ezihle kakhulu futhi ikhono eliyinkimbinkimbi yokuhamba izakhiwo zangaphakathi ezibucayi. Izakhamuzi ezihlinzayo ezithatha isinqumo sokuphishekela i-subspecialty kumele zenze ubudlelwane phakathi kweminyaka emibili kuya kokubili emva kokuqeda ukuhlala kwazo eziyisisekelo zokuhlinzwa .
Izinzuzo Nokungalungi
Kodwa-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlinzeka okungelahleka kwe-laparoscopic kungase kube khona, kukhona ukulinganiselwa kanye nezingozi ezihambisana nenqubo yokuhlinza .
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ze-laparoscopic ukuhlinzwa:
- Ukwelapha okuncane kanye nesidingo esingaphansi kokumpompela igazi
- Ukucubungula okuncane kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokutakula
- Ubuhlungu obungaphansi kanye nesidingo esincane semithi yobuhlungu
- Inengozi yokunciphisa yokungcoliswa uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile
- Izindleko eziphansi ngokujwayelekile ngenxa yokufinyeleleka esibhedlela
Phakathi kokungalungi kwe-laparoscopic ukuhlinzwa:
- Ukungabi namandla okuthinta izicubu (palpate), ikakhulukazi uma uphenya umdlavuza
- Ukulimala okungenzeka kwamathisheni angaphakathi ngenxa yokungabi nalutho kwemicabango
- Kunzima ekuboneni "yonke isithombe" ukuthi inqubo evulekile inganikeza
- Kungaba nzima ukwenza kubantu abahlinzekwa ngaphambilini kanye nezicubu ezinzima kakhulu
- Ukusabela okungahle kwenzeke ekukhuleni kwamandla kwe-CO2 kwesisu (kuhlanganisa i-hypothermia nobuhlungu)
> Umthombo:
> Katkouda, N. (2011) Ukuhlinzwa Okuphambili Kwe-Laparoscopic: Izindlela Namasu (Second Ed.) ENew York, eNew York: Springer Publishing: ISBN-13: 978-3540748427