Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso, Ukuxilongwa, Nokunakekelwa
Izibonakaliso nezimpawu zomdlavuza we-cecum ngezinye izikhathi azikho. I- cecum ibonisa ukuqala kwamathumbu akho amakhulu. Lesi sigaba esifana nesigxoke samathumbu sixhuma ingxenye yamathumbu amancane, okuthiwa i-ileum, ekoloni ekhuphukayo. Lesi sifunda sekholoni singase sibe nzima kakhulu ukuhlola, kodwa kubalulekile, ngoba ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi amaphesenti angama-20 ekhansela elimibalalayo ayenzeka ku-cecum (kwezinye izifundo akuvamile kakhulu).
Ziyini izimpawu zempawu zomdlavuza we-cecum, kutholakala kanjani, futhi kuthathwa kanjani?
I-Anatomy ye-Colon ne-Cecum
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-cecum iwela kuphi esiswini, ngakho-ke, izimpawu ongayilindela, kuyasiza ukubukeza isimo se-colon.
Ikholoni yakho ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezine eziyinhloko:
- I-Cecum neyakhuphuka ikholoni: I-cecum neyakhuphuka ikholoni ivame ukubizwa nge-colon yakho "efanele". "I-cecum ijoyina intombazane encane eduze kwesifunda sesithasiselo, esiswini sakho sokunene esingaphansi, kanti ikoloni ekhuphukayo iqhuma ngakwesokudla kwesisu sakho ku-colon eguqukayo.
- I-colon ehambayo: Le ngxenye yekholoni yakho igijima ngokuzungezile ngaphesheya kwesisu sakho esisenhla ukusuka kwesokudla kuya kwesobunxele.
- Ukuhla kwekhaloni: I-colon ehla iwela phansi kwesokunxele kwesisu sakho, kusukela phezulu kuya engxenyeni ephansi.
- I-Sigmoid colon: I-coloni ye-sigmoid ixhuma ukwehla kwekhaloni ku-rectum ne-anus.
Indawo ye-cecum ingenza kube nzima ukuthola umdlavuza kunezinye izifunda zekoloni.
Umsebenzi weCecum
I-cecum, ekuqaleni kwekoloni lapho amanzi ehlushwa khona esitokisini, iqukethe isitoreji esine-liquidy futhi singakhiwanga ngokugcwele. Umsebenzi we-cecum yakho ukuwuthatha izakhi ezisele ezithombeni zakho, bese uqala ukubuyisela amanzi kabusha okuholela ekudakeni okubonayo uma uhlonza (poop).
Ngokwemvelo, i-cecum ihlala endaweni ephansi kwesisu sakho, lapho isithasiselo sakho sikhiwe khona. Njengoba nje ungaphila ngaphandle kwesithasiselo, esihlanganiswe ne-cecum, kungenzeka ukuba uphile ngaphandle kwe-cecum.
Izimpawu Zomdlavuza weCecum
Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-cecum zingaba yizici futhi zivame ukuhluka kunalokho ongakucabanga ngempawu zomdlavuza we-colon. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wombala wonke zihlanganisa umuzwa wokugcwala noma ukucindezelwa emgodleni, ukuphuma kwegazi , kanye nesifiso esiningi sokuthi ungabeki. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukuthola lezi zimpawu ze-telltale ngomdlavuza we-cecum. Ukuvuvukala ku-cecum, ngokungafani ne-rectum noma i-sigmoid colon, ngeke kukuzwise ukufisa ukuhlukumeza noma ukudala ukungalingani komkhuba wesibindi (nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kuhlotshaniswa nesifo sohudo) ngoba isitobhulu esidlula i-cecum slushy futhi singasakaza kalula abantu le ngxenye yamathumbu.
Ngeshwa, iningi lezimpawu zomdlavuza we-cecum liphuzile, okusho ukuthi lesi sifo sesivele sithuthukile kakhulu uma uzizwa lezi zimpawu. Izimpawu ezingenzeka zingabandakanya:
- I-anemia, nezimpawu ezihambisana ne- anemia efana nokukhathala, ukuphefumula, ubuthakathaka, nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Ukweqa okuvela kule ndawo yekoloni ngokuvamile kuvamile, futhi kungabonakali kuze kube yilapho udokotela ethola ukuthi une-anemia yensimbi enesisindo esiphelele segazi (CBC).
- Amnyama, ama-tarry (melena): Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kuvela ku-cecum futhi kukhuphuka ikolon, kuvame ukudala izitshalo ezimnyama ezingabonakala sengathi zifana ne-tar-like, kunokuba igazi elibomvu elibonayo liphazamise emgqeni wokugaya.
- Igesi nokuqhaqhaza: I- Gas ne-bloating kungenzeka, kodwa ayinasidingo, futhi ngokuvamile iqala ngokubangela enye imbangela.
- Ubuhlungu besisu: Njengegesi nokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu besisu abukho emthethweni futhi bungaba nezimbangela eziningi. Uma ubuhlungu bukhona, kungase kuphawulwe esifundeni esaziwa ngobuhlungu nge-appendicitis, iphuzu likaMcBurney. Leli phuzu lingatholakala ngokudweba umugqa kusuka esitokisini sakho sokunene sase-hip kuya kwenkinobho yakho yesisu bese uthola phakathi kwendawo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ubuhlungu besisu bungasakazeka, futhi kaningi akusho okuningi mayelana nenkinga yenkinga.
- I-nausea nokuhlanza: Izicubu ezinkulu ngakwesokudla kwekoloni yakho zingabangela ukudla ukuba "buyisane" emathunjini amancane nasesisu, okubangela ukuhlanza. Ukuvuthwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukubonakala "okwesibhakabhaka," noma umbala ophuzi.
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo: Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenasisekelo kuvame ukubonwa ngezicubu eziphambili, futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenasisekelo kuchazwa njengokulahlekelwa kwamaphesenti angu-5 wesisindo somzimba noma ngaphezulu kwenyanga yenyanga 6 kuya ku-12. Lokhu kungalingana nomuntu onamaphilenti angu-150 olahlekelwa ngamapounds angu-7.5 ngaphandle kokuzama.
Ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zeCecum Cancer (Ukuhlukana Kokuhlukana)
Ukuba khona kwezimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza we-cecum, futhi kunezimo eziningana ezehlukene ezingabonakala ezifanayo. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
- I-Cecal volvulus: Isimo esingavamile, i-volvulus ye-cecal iyenzeka uma i-cecum yakho iphinda ikhuphuke i-colon, futhi ibangele ukuvimbela okuvimbela ukuhamba kwesitembu emathunjini akho. Lokhu kuqhuma kungabangela ubuhlungu besisu, ukuvuvukala, ama-cramps, i-nausea, nokuhlanza. Kungase kubangelwe ukukhulelwa, ukubopha okukhulu kokukhwehlela noma ukunamathela kwesisu-isisindo somzimba esiswini esivame ukubangelwa ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini-futhi ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 no-60.
- Isifo sofuba esiswini (IBS): I- IBS , kuhlanganise nezinkinga ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn nesifo sofuba, singabangela ubuhlungu besisu, ukuvuvukala kwesisu, nokunyakaza kwamathumbu phakathi kwamanye izimpawu. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi i-IBS ingalingisa izimpawu zesifo sofuba, kodwa i-IBS iyinhloko engozini yokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza we-colon.
- I-appendicitis enembile: Izimpawu zohlelo lwe-appendicitis zibukisisa lezo zomdlavuza we-cecum, kuhlanganise nobuhlungu besisu obubi kakhulu esiswini esiphansi kwesisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba nomdlavuza ku-cecum kungabangela ukuvuvukala kwesithasiselo. Ngandlela-thile, lokhu akusibi konke, futhi kungabangela ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-cecum ngaphambili kunokuba kungenziwa nakanjani.
Ukuxilongwa
I- colonoscopy iyilingo elihle kakhulu lokubona ngokubonakalayo umdlavuza we-cecum. Ku-colonoscopy, udokotela uthuthukela ikolonoscope nge-colon yakho yonke, kuze kufike ku-cecum, efuna ama-polyps noma ukukhula okusolisayo okungaba nomdlavuza. Uma ama-polyps atholakala, angasuswa. Njengoba amagciwane amaningi e-colon aqala njenge-polyps eqondile, i-colonoscopy ayikwazi ukubona kuphela umdlavuza, kodwa, ngokususwa kwalezi zinselo, kungavimbela ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza we-colon.
Ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, noma kunjalo, cishe amaphesenti angu-10 ngesikhathi i-colonoscope ayikwazi ukusungulwa yonke indlela eya e-cecum, ngakho-ke ilahlekelwa yile ndawo. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yokunamathela, noma ezinye izinkinga ezenza ikholoni ihlushwe noma inzima ukuhamba. I-Barium enemas ingenziwa, kodwa futhi ayinakho ukunemba okuqondile. Uma kunjalo, ikolonoscopy ebonakalayo ingakwazi ukubona umdlavuza we-cecum uma ezinye izivivinyo zihluleka.
Okunye ukuhlola, okufana ne-CT yesisu sakho, kungenziwa futhi ukuhlola indawo ye-cecum yakho, nokufuna ubufakazi bokuthi kunoma yikuphi ukusabalalisa komdlavuza.
Ngeshwa, ukuvivinywa kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola umdlavuza wekolon, sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo, ihlola kuphela ohlangothini lwesobunxele bekoloni futhi ilahlekelwe amakhemikhali e-cecum kanye nekoloni efanele.
Ukwelapha
Uma umdlavuza mkhulu kakhulu ukuba ungasuswa kwinqubo ye-polypectomy, ungase udinge ukuhlinzwa ukuze ususe. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuhlinzeka ngomdlavuza we-cecum lubizwa ngokuthi i-hemicolectomy elungile-ukuhlinzwa kwalo kususa ohlangothini olungakwesokudla kololon yakho futhi kuhlanganisa isabelo esisele emathunjini akho amancane. Kuye ngesigaba nesigaba somdlavuza wakho , udokotela wakho angase futhi akhuthaze ukwelashwa kwe-adjuvant, kuhlanganise ne- chemotherapy nemisebe.
Isibikezelo
Uma kuqhathaniswa namagciwane e-colon engakwesokunxele, amakhemikhali e-colon angakwesokudla, afana nalawo e-cecum, anezinga elincane lokusinda empofu. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yobunzima obuningi ekutholeni lezi zicubu kanye nesigaba esiphezulu sesifo ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.
Naphezu kwalokhu kuphazamiseka, amakhansela angama-coloni angakwesokunene angasakazeka (ukuxuba umzimba) kwesibindi namaphaphu kunomdlavuza wamakoloni angakwesokunxele.
Izwi elivela
Ngokuphathelene nezinye umdlavuza we-colon, umdlavuza we-cecum ungaba nzima kakhulu ukuwuxilonga, ngokusekelwe kokubili izimpawu ezihlukile kumdlavuza wekoloni oqhubekayo phakathi kolononi, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukubuka le ndawo ekuhlolweni kokuhlola. Izimpawu zokuqala zihlanganisa ukutholakala kwe-anemia ye-iron ngenxa yokuphuma kwe-microscopic. Ukuntula i-iron anemia kumele kuhlolwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi emadodeni nakwabesifazane be-postmenopausal.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-colonoscopies kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola lesi sifo, kodwa ungahlali njalo esifundeni se-cecum. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ikholonoscopy ebonakalayo iyindlela engasiza ukubuka ngeso lengqondo ikoloni yangakwesokudla.
I-prognosis iyancipha kakhulu ngamagciwane e-cecum kunamanye amagciwane e-colon, okungenzeka ahlobene nobunzima obukhulu ekuhloleni lesi sifo ezinkathini zokuqala. Uma unezibonakaliso noma izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi ungumdlavuza we-cecum, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ezinye zalezi zimpawu ziphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngezinye izimo ezinzima. Ngenhlanhla, ngenkathi kukhona ukuphikisana nokuhlola ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza we-colon, ukuhlolwa kwama-colonoscopies yomdlavuza wekolon kusindisa izimpilo, futhi ngethemba lokuthi kuzokwenza ngcono amazinga okusinda esikhathini esizayo.
> Imithombo:
> Amri, R., Bordeianou, L., Sylla, P. no D. Berger. Izinguquko kwiSayithi le-Metastasis yiNdawo eyinhloko kuCaron Cancer. I-Journal Yokuhlinzwa Kwamathumbu . 2015. 19 (8): 1522-7.
> National Cancer Institute. I-Colon Cancer Treatment (PDQ) -Health Professional Version. Kubuyekezwe 02/16/18. https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/hp/colon-treatment-pdq
> Suttie, S., Shaikh, T., Mullen, R. et al. Umphumela weColonic kanye neRectal Cancer emaceleni kwesokunxele. I-Colorectal Diseases . 2011. 13 (8): 884-9.