Ziningi kangakanani ama-neodules atholakele ekuhlolweni kwe-CT's Cancerous?
Lapho ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wamapapu kumbula imifino, yiziphi amathuba ukuthi umdlavuza?
Ukufika kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu kunamandla okusindisa izimpilo eziningi. Kodwa njengokuhlolwa okuningi, ngokuvamile kukhona "amaphutha amanga" okuthile okusolisayo okutholakala ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyakuba yinto engekho. Yimaphi amathuba ukuthi u-nodule otholakala ekuhlolweni kuyisifo somdlavuza ( esingathandeki ) nokuthi kaningi kangakanani ama-nodules esikhundleni esibi (okungewona umdlavuza?)
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngalokho okushiwo ukuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu, kanye nezibalo ezimbalwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cancer Screening kanye nezibalo
Sekuyisikhathi eside, sithembele ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngemuva kwalokho, sinamammograms ukubuka umdlavuza webele, ama- pap smears ukubuka umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, kanye namakholonikopi ukubuka umdlavuza wekoloni. Isizathu silula. Amagciwane kaningi (kodwa hhayi njalo) ayaphathwa kakhulu ezinyathelweni zokuqala zesifo.
Ngokuqinisekile kuyiqiniso ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Isilinganiso sokusindisa abantu abane- stage 1 yomdlavuza wamaphaphu cishe ngamaphesenti angu-60 kuya kwangu-80. Lokhu kuhlaselwa ngamaphesenti angaphansi kuka-10 kulabo abathintekayo abanesiteji sesi-4 sesi sifo. Ngeshwa, abantu abangamaphesenti angu-40 abantu asebevele benesifo somdlavuza wesimiso esinesiteji se-4 (metastatic) emaphashini ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Isigaba sesi-4 sisho ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze ezindaweni ezikude noma kwenye imaphaphu, ngakho-ke, ayikwazi ukusebenza . Ukucabangela ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu yiyona imbangela eholela ekufeni kokubili amadoda nabesifazane e-United States okuyinkinga enkulu.
Ukusebenza Kanjani I-CT Scans?
Kodwa kwabanye abantu, manje sinesivivinyo sokuhlola. I-US National Lung Screening Trial ithole ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-CT (izinga elincane le-CT) linciphisa izinga lokufa kusuka emdlalweni wamaphaphu ngamaphesenti angu-20 lapho abantu abathile behlola ucwaningo lwe-CT low-dose ngonyaka . Lokhu kubandakanya abantu aba:
- Kuphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-74
- Yiba nomlando weminyaka engu- 30 wepakethe yokubhema, futhi
- Qhubeka ukubhema, noma uyeke eminyakeni engu-15 edlule.
Uma ubala izinombolo, abantu abangamaphesenti angu-6 kuphela abahlangabezana nemikhombandlela yokuhlola, kodwa kuyisiqalo. Futhi ngalesi siqalo kuza izinkinga ezimbalwa. Uma i-nodule ibonakala ekuhlolweni - futhi lokho kujwayelekile - kuyini ithuba lokuthi umdlavuza?
Okokuqala, kuyasiza ukuqonda ukuthi kuvame kangakanani ukuthola ama-nodules ekuhlolweni kwe-lung CT ukuhlolwa. Ukuthola ukungavamile kwe-x-ray noma i-CT yesifuba akusho ukuthi umdlavuza. Eqinisweni, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona okunye-into ongasoze wazi ngakho futhi angeke ikukhathaze uma ungenalo ukuskena.
Yeka ukuthi i-Nodules ephikisanayo ejwayelekile kubantu abahlolwe i-Cancer Lung?
Njengoba ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kuqhathaniswa, asikwazi kahle ukuthi ama-nodules ajwayelekile kangakanani. Isilinganiso sithole ukuthi okungenani amaphesenti angu-20 abantu (abantu abahlolwayo ngokusekelwe emibhalweni engenhla) babe nenani elilodwa elidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lapha kubalulekile ukwenza umehluko phakathi kokuthi i-radiologist ingabiza ubukhulu nokuthi yini ayisho njengengqungquthela. Ubuningi bubhekisela ekungajwayelekile okungaphezu kuka-3 cm (cishe ngo-1 1/2 amayintshi) ububanzi.
Igama le-nodule lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza okungavamile okungaphansi kuka-3 cm ngesayizi.
Amavolumu Amapuloni Amapulangwe Ayenziwa Kangakanani Ngokutholakala Ukuqhathanisa I-Cancerous?
Ngakho uma uthola ucingo olwesabekayo, lapho udokotela wakho athi khona " sithole igundane ekuhlolweni kwakho kwe-CT ," kufanele ukhathazeke kanjani?
Esivivinyweni sokuhlola i-National Lung Cancer Screening, phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-1 no-4 abantu badinga ukuhlolwa okungahambi kahle ukulandela ukuhlolwa kwabo kwe-CT. Phakathi kwalabo abahlinzwa, amaphesenti angu-25 ama-nodules ayenamandla.
Ukubheka ngale ndlela ngendlela ehlukile, abacwaningi bokuhlola okwedlule babheka abantu ngezifundo ezimbili ezihlukene.
Kwesinye salezi (ukutholakala kwePan-American Early Cancer Study (PanCan), ama-nodule angu-7008 atholakale phakathi kwabantu abangu-1871. Kulaba abangu-102 babesifo somdlavuza, kwesinye isifundo (British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA) batholakala abantu abangu-1090, abanama-42 ababi.
Ukuqoqa izinombolo, lokhu kwehla kwamaphesenti angu-5.5 wabantu ekufundeni okukodwa kanye namaphesenti angu-3.7 komunye onama-nodules owaba nomdlavuza.
Kuleli qophelo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zinombolo - amathuba okuthi udokotela unomdlavuza - kungabantu abaphilile abangenayo izimpawu ezihlolwayo. I-chances of a nodule ebulalayo ingase ihluke kulabo abanezimpawu. Kungase kube okuhlukile kulabo abane-nodule ye-pulmonary ekuhlolweni kodwa abangahlangabezani nemigomo ekhonjiwe ngenhla.
Ngabe i-Nodule Ngaphezu Kanjani Ukuba I-Cancer?
Ukubheka izifundo kuze kube yimanje, ama-nodules we-pulmonary atholakala ekuhlolweni kwe-CT cishe ayengumdlavuza uma:
- Babesesandleni sangakwesobunxele noma kwesokudla, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi babenobungozi uma besesandleni sokungakwesokudla noma kwesobunxele, noma ku-lobe ephakathi.
- Kwakukhona ukucatshangelwa kwe-nodule (okusho ukuthi kunokuba indawo engavamile ibe yindilinga, yayinezinsikazi njengezindawo eziphuma emathunjini,) noma uma imingcele yayingavamile noma ilandelwe.
- Uma bebakhulu.
- Uma kwenzeka kubantu abadala kunabantu abasha.
- Uma umuntu enomlando womndeni womdlavuza wamaphaphu.
- Uma kwenzeka kubesifazane kaningi kunamadoda.
- Ngosayizi owandayo we-nodule.
- Kubantu abanomlando we-emphysema.
- Kubantu abanezinsiza ezincane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho:
- Ingxenyeni eqinile yezingxenye yayinomdlavuza kunama-nodules aqinile.
- Ama-nodules aqinile ayengaba nomdlavuza kunama-nodules angewona aqinile noma ama-nodules "ukubukeka kweglasi".
Kuyini I-Nodule Yami Uma Akuyona Kansa?
Kunezimbangela eziningi zamagundane avela ezifweni ezibangelwa isifo sofuba , ukuya emasunjini ahambisana nesifo samathambo, nokuningi. Isihloko esilandelayo sikhuluma ngezimbangela eziningana ezinobungozi nezimbi zamapululumu we- pulmonary .
Ukubala Ingozi
Umbala wokubala umdlavuza wamaphaphu utholakala odokotela (kanye nomphakathi) ukulinganisa amathuba okuthi i-nodule itholakele ekuhlolweni kwe-CT ayibuhlungu. Le Nodule Prediction Calculator yasungulwa ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi, kodwa abantu baxwayiswa ukuthi akusilo esikhundleni seseluleko noma ukwelashwa kwesidokotela. Abantu abathintekayo bayacelwa ukufunda ukuthi bagcizelele iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu: Akuwona wonke ama-nodule anengozini enkulu engumdlavuza, futhi akuwona wonke ama-nodules ayenobungozi obuncane.
Uvelaphi Lapha?
Uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi une-nodule ye-pulmonary noma ama-nodules, kunezindlela eziningana angase aziphakamise. Lezi zizoxhomekeka ezintweni eziningana kuhlanganise nezici zakho zobungozi zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukubukeka kwe-nodule, indawo ye-nodule, nokuthandwa kwakho. Ezinye izinketho zingabandakanya:
- I- PET Scan
- I- Bronchoscopy
- Ukulinda okuqaphile
- I- biopsy (Kunezindlela eziningana ukuthi i-nodule ingase ibe yi-biopsied kuye ngokuthi indawo yayo.)
Imithombo:
Croswell, J. et al. Isibalo Esiqhamukayo Sokuhlolwa Kwamanga Okumangazayo Ekuhlolweni Kwegciwane Lungculazi: Isivivinyo Esingahleliwe. Ama-Annal of Medicine yangaphakathi . 2010. 152 (8): 505-12.
Gould, M. et al. Ukuhlolwa Kwabantu Abanye Amadayimane E-Pulmonary: Ngabe I-Cancer Lung? Ukuxilongwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Cancer Lung, 3rd ed: I-American College of Chest Physicians Imihlahlandlela Yokwenziwa Kokutholwa Kwemitholampilo. Isifuba . 143 (U-Suppl 5): e93S-120S.
I-Grannis, F. Ukunciphisa Ukuqwashisa Ngaphezu Kokuhlolwa Kwama-Cancer Screening. I-Journal of Oncology Yokuhlinza . 2013 Aug 26. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
Greenberg, A. et al. I-CT Scan Screening ye-Cancer Lung: Izingozi Zezingozi Zama-Nodules kanye Ne-Malignancy Eqoqweni Eliphakeme Lengozi Esemadolobheni. PLoS One . 2012. 7 (7): e39403.
Lederlin, M. et al. Isu lokuphatha se-Pulmonary Nodule ngo-2013. Ukuzihlola nokuziphendulela kwangaphakathi . 2013 Sep 11. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
Naidich, D. et al. Izincomo zokuphathwa kweMigodi yokuThuthukiswa kweziNdawo eziThuthukisiwe ezitholakala kwi-CT: Isitatimende esivela ku-Fleisher Society. I-Radiology . 2013. 266 (1): 304-17.
McWilliams, A. et al. I-Probability Cancer ku-Pulmonary Nodules Etholwa Ngokuqala Ngokuhlola. I-New England Journal of Medicine . 2013. 369: 910-191.
Ithimba Lezocwaningo Lolwazi Lokuhlola I-Cancer Screening. Ukufa kwe-Cancer Ukunciphisa nge-Low-Dose Computed Tomography Screening. I-New England Journal of Medicine . 2011. 365: 395-409
Wahidi, M. et al. Ubufakazi bokuthi ukwelashwa kweziguli ezinezidakamizwa zamapulmonary: Ngabe i-Cancer? Isifuba . 2007. 132 (3 Suppl): 94S-107S.