Izinto eziqondayo ezithinta amazinga okusinda
Omunye wemibandela yokuqala umuntu angase abuze uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza wesigaba samaphaphu uwukuthi, "Kuphi isikhathi sokuphila." Ngokudabukisayo, umdlavuza wamaphaphu unedumela lokuba nesifo esibi se-prognosis. Lokho kusho ukuthi isigaba soku-1 yisigaba sokuqala somdlavuza wegazi wamaphaphu futhi abantu abaningi baphila isikhathi eside nesifo. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinguquko ezingahle zithinte ukubikezela kwakho kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo okusinda.
Isigaba I Cancer Lung: Incazelo
Umdlavuza Umdlavuza wamaphaphu yisigaba sokuqala somdlavuza ongasona omncane wesifo samaphaphu. ( Umgudu wesi-0 wesifo somdlavuza yisigaba sangaphambi kwesimanga somdlavuza wamaphaphu noma i-carcinoma in situ).
Izicubu ezihlukaniswa njengezigaba ze-I zidilizwe zibe amakilasi amabili:
- Amagciwane e-IA amaphaphu asemaphaphu kuphela futhi angama-3 cm (cishe ngamasentimitha nesigamu) ububanzi noma ngaphansi.
- Isiteji se-IB lungqamuzana lwe-CAN liphakathi kuka-3 no-5 cm ububanzi futhi ingaba ne-a) lisakaze ku-bronchus eyinhloko, b) isakaze egumbini elingaphakathi elibheke emaphashini, noma c) ingxenye yamaphaphu ingase ifakwe noma igwetshwe.
Isigaba I-Cancer Cancer Ukuphila Okulindelwe
Njengoba umdlavuza wamaphaphu unedumela lokuthi unonya futhi unesifo esibi, umbuzo wokusinda uvame ukuvela. Ngaphambi kokwenza okunye okubalulekile kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kuyathuthuka kanti izinga lokusinda liyaqhubeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke umuntu uhlukile.
Futhi ekugcineni, izibalo zisitshela indlela umuntu akwenze ngayo esikhathini esidlule ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelapha lezi zinto akuzona ngempela ukulinganisa okunembile.
Izinhlobonhlobo Ezithinta Amaphilisi Okuphila Kwengculaza
Ezinye zezinguquko ezingase zithinte ukusinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu zihlanganisa:
- Uhlobo lwakho lomdlavuza wamaphaphu nendawo: Amaphesenti angama-85 emdlavuza wamaphaphu abhekwa njengomdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wesifo samaphaphu. Lezi zifo zomdlavuza zivame ukusabalala kancane kancane kunomdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamangqamuzana , nakuba umdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu uthambekele ekuphenduleni kahle ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa kwamafutha , okungenani ekuqaleni.
- Indawo yomdlavuza wakho: Yize noma ukuhlinzeka ngokuvame ukwelashwa okukhethwe umdlavuza wamaphaphu wesigaba 1, ezinye zalezi zicubu zikhona ezindaweni ezenza ukuhlinzeka kube yingozi. Uma ukuhlinzeka kungenakwenzeka, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa kwama-radiation okungase zisetshenziswe ngenhloso yokwelapha: i-radiotherapy yomzimba ebizwa nge-stereotactic (SBRT) kanye nokwelashwa kweproton. (Ukusinda kungcono kakhulu ngeVATS lobectomy vs SBRT).
- Iphrofayili ye-molecular ye-tumor yakho: Njengamanje sinezokwelapha kubantu abanezimo ezithile zofuzo emathunjini abo. Ukufometha kwe-molecular (ukuhlolwa kofuzo) kufanele kwenziwe kumuntu wonke onomdlavuza we-cell wamaphaphu okungewona omncane. Izidakamizwa zitholakale kubantu abane- EGFR , izinguquko ze- ALK , nokulungiswa kabusha kwe-ROS1 , futhi izivivinyo zemitholampilo zihlola ukwelashwa kwamaphashavuza emaphaphu namanye amaphrofayli ofuzo. (Lezi zokwelapha azivame ukusetshenziselwa isigaba 1 sesifo, kodwa ziyatholakala uma umdlavuza kufanele ubuyele noma usakazeke).
- Isikhathi sakho: Abantu abancane bathambekele ekuphileni isikhathi eside kunabantu asebekhulile abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
- Ubulili bakho : Ukulinda kokuphila komfazi onomdlavuza wamaphaphu kuphakeme esigabeni ngasinye sesifo.
- Impilo yakho ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa: Ukuphila ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kuhlotshaniswa nokuphila okude isikhathi eside, kanye nekhono elikhulu lokulwa nemithi yokwelashwa engase isandise ukusinda.
- Indlela osabela ngayo ekwelapheni : Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ihluka phakathi kwabantu abahlukene, futhi inganciphisa ikhono lakho lokubekezelela ukwelashwa.
- Ezinye izimo zezempilo ongase ube nazo: Izimo zezempilo ezifana ne-emphysema noma isifo senhliziyo zingase zinciphise isikhathi sokuphila komdlavuza wemaphaphu. Labo abangenayo i-COPD bane-prognosis engcono kunelabo abanesifo.
- Ukubhema: Ukuyeka ukubhema ngaphambi kokuhlinzekwa isifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu, kubonakala sengathi kuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokusinda. Ngesikhathi samanje, iningi labantu abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu ababhemi, kodwa kulabo abenza khona kunezizathu eziningi abantu abanomdlavuza okufanele bayeke ukubhema , kuhlanganise nokusinda.
- Lapho uphathwa khona: Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwabona ukuthi abantu abahlinzekwa ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu esikhungweni esenza okungaphezulu kwalokhu kuhlinza (njengesibhedlela sokufundisa noma isikhungo somdlavuza omkhulu) banemiphumela engcono.
Ngaphezu kwayo yonke inothi elihlukile phakathi kwabantu, yonke imdlavuza ihlukile. Kusukela kumbono wamangqamuzana, uma bekhona abantu abayi-100 abanomdlavuza wesigaba samaphaphu ekamelweni, babeyoba namagciwane angama-100 ahlukene ezingxenyeni zamangqamuzana. Izici ezihlukahlukene zamangqamuzana zingabangela ukuziphatha okuhlukile kwezicubu.
Isigaba I I-Cancer Lung Cancer Life Expectancy Statistics
Ngaphandle kokuhluka phakathi kwabantu abahlukene namanqamu ahlukene, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izibalo zivame ukuba neminyaka embalwa ubudala. Eziningi zokwelashwa manje ezitholakalayo ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu azungekho lapho lezo zinombolo zitholwa. Isibonelo, kunezimboni eziningana ze-immunotherapy nezidakamizwa ezihlosiwe ezivunyiwe kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2015.
Njengamanje, izinga lokusinda iminyaka engu-5 lingamaphesenti angu-49 kubantu abanesifo somdlavuza we-IA wamaphaphu kanye namaphesenti angu-45 kubantu abanesiteleka se-IB engeyona encane yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lezi zindleko zingase zibe ngaphezulu kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu abatholakala ngokuhlola kuphela futhi kungaba ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti angu-90.
Isiteji I-Cancer Lung ne-Risk of Recurrence
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu, kungenzeka ukuthi ukutholakala komdlavuza wamaphaphu kukhona. Kucatshangwa ukuthi phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-30 no-50 wegciwane lesigaba samaphaphu angaphazamiseka, futhi ukwelashwa okune-adjuvant okufana ne-chemotherapy ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko. Ukuphindaphinda kungase kwenzeke kwenye yezindlela ezintathu:
- Ukuphindaphinda kwendawo kubhekisela emangqamuzaneni abuyele emaphashini, eduze kwesikhumba sokuqala.
- Ukuphindaphinda kwesifunda kubhekisela kumdlavuza obuye abuyele emagqumeni angama-lymph eduze nesifo sokuqala.
- Ukuphindaphindiwe okude kubhekisela emangqamuzaneni abuyele kumasayithi akude emzimbeni, ngokuvamile amathambo, ubuchopho, isibindi, noma izigulane eziyingozi. Uma umdlavuza uphindela esiteshini esiseduze ubizwa ngokuthi umzila wesifo se-metastatic noma isigaba 4.
Ngeshwa, ukuphindaphindiwe kwesigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu kusezindaweni ezikude. Kodwa ngisho nokuphindaphindiwe, ukusinda kuthuthuka. Eqinisweni, iningi lentuthuko yakamuva yonyango lomdlavuza wamaphaphu iwukuba isifo sesigaba sesine.
Ukubaluleka Kwezilingo Zemitholampilo
Ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute, wonke umuntu onanoma yisiphi isigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu kufanele acabangele ukukhetha ukubandakanyeka esilingo somtholampilo. Esikhathini sesigaba sesi-1 sinezivivinyo eziningana endaweni lapho sicabanga ngezizathu zokuthi umdlavuza wokuqala ungaphinda uphinde uphinde uthole imithi yokwelapha engadambisa le ngozi.
Izwi Elivela Ekuguquleni Kwengculaza Yengculaza
Isibikezelo somdlavuza we-stage 1 wamaphaphu siphakeme kwezinye izigaba zesifo, kodwa okungenani ingxenye yesithathu yalezi zicubu zizophinde zibuyele. Ukwelashwa kuyathuthuka kodwa kunezinto ongakwenza ngazo ukuze uthuthukise izinga lokusinda kwakho . Buza imibuzo eminingi. Thola umbono wesibili, ngokuqondile kusuka esikhungweni somdlavuza owenza amavolumu amaningi alawa mahlinzwa. Thepha eqenjini lokusekela umdlavuza wamaphaphu noma umphakathi wokusekela inthanethi. Ukuba ummeli wakho siqu ekunakekelweni komdlavuza wakho akugcini nje ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka kodwa kungase kuthuthukise umphumela wakho kanye.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Amanani nezinombolo ze-Cancer 2017. https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2017.html
> National Cancer Institute. Ukunakekelwa Kwemdlavuza Yamangqamuzana Angewona Amancane (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. 03/31/17. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.
> Wang, X., uJanowczyk, A., Zhou, Y. et al. Ukubikezela Ukuphindaphindiwe Esigabeni Esisencane I-Cancer Encane Ye-Lung Cancer Ukusebenzisa Ikhompyutha Ekhishwe Izici ZaseNyukliya Ezivela ku-Digital H ne-E Izithombe. Imibiko yeSayensi . 2017. 7 (1): 13543.