Kunezigciwane ezingaphezu kuka-150 ze-papillomavirus (HPV), ezinye zazo ezivame kakhulu kunezinye. Yini eyenza i- HPV, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ihlobo luni, lifana nalokhu: ukuxhumana kocansi, isikhumba nesikhumba nomuntu onesifo. I-HPV ingabangela izidakamizwa zobulili noma zangasese futhi, kwezinye izimo, umdlavuza (kuye ngokuthi kunzima). Kodwa, akubona wonke umuntu oveza izifo ze-HPV-noma ngokushesha.
Lokhu kwenza ukusabalala kokutheleleka kuvame kakhulu.
Izimbangela ezivamile
Ukulala ngokomzimba nangokwemvelo kuyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke zokudlulisela i-HPV, nakuba kungadluliselwa kakhulu ngokocansi ngomlomo . Ngisho ukuhlunga ngokocansi-nge-genital kungaba okwanele ekusakazeni igciwane. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abasha baziswa ngalokhu, njengoba bengakwazi ukuthi izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi zingadluliselwa ngaphandle kokungena.
Ingozi yakho ye-HPV iyanda kakhulu ngenani labantu abalingani bakho bobulili, nakuba ukuxhumana nomlingani oyedwa otheleleke kungabangela i-HPV. Ngenkathi amakhondomu ahlinzeka ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela ukuyeka ukuzivimbela, angenza kuphela uma uwasebenzisa njalo futhi ngokufanele .
Uma une-HPV, ukutheleleka kuzovame ukuzixazulula ngaphandle kokwelashwa ezinyangeni ezingu-18 kuya kwezi-24. Kuyilo sikhathi ukuthi ungadlula igciwane kwabanye. Ngenxa yokuthi i-HPV kaningi "ayibonakali" engenayo izimpawu zangaphandle, abantu ngeke bazi ukuthi banesifo.
Lokhu kuqinisa ngokwengeziwe isidingo samakhondomu uma usebenza ngokocansi futhi awuhambisani nokuzinikela, ubuhlobo bomuntu oyedwa.
Odokotela basebenzisa izinombolo zezinombolo ukubiza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-HPV. Njengoba lezo ziqalo zingenalutho kubantu abangewona wezokwelapha, odokotela ngokuvamile babhekisela enkingeni njenge-HPV engozini noma engozini enkulu.
Njengoba ufunda, ungase uzizwe ukhuthazwa ukufunda ukuthi izinhlobo ezincane ezingengozi zibeka ingozi encane engozini. Kodwa khumbula: Zonke izinhlobo ze-HPV ziyadluliselwa ngendlela efanayo.
Izindlela zokuphila nezingozi zezempilo
Ngenkathi i-HPV ingathinta noma ubani, usengozini enkulu uma kukhona okulandelayo okusebenza kuwe:
- Uhlanganyela / uye wahlanganyela ocansini nabalingani abaningana
- Uhlanganyela ocansini olungavimbelwe noma oxhumana naye ngokocansi
- Ungumuntu olala nobulili namadoda (MSM)
- Uyi-transgender
- Une-HIV noma esinye isifo noma isimo esenza buthakathaka isimiso sakho somzimba
Ngaphezu kokubandakanya amasu okuvimbela i-HPV nsuku zonke, ungase uthathe ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nemigomo ye-HPV i- Cervarix , Gardasil , ne-Gardasil 9, ikakhulukazi uma ngabe okunye okungenhla kusebenza kuwe.
Izinkinga Eziphansi Neziphezulu
Nakuba iningi lezinkinga ze-HPV zinamandla okubangela izidakamizwa zobulili, kuphela u-30 kuphela ezihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza (ikakhulukazi umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho , umlutha , u- penile , nomphimbo ). Ngenxa yalokhu, ososayensi baye bahlukanisa ngokubanzi imishanguzo ngamathuba abo okubangela umdlavuza kanje:
- Izinkinga eziphansi kakhulu yizo ezingabangela izidakamizwa zobulili kodwa zingenabungozi. I-HPV 6 no-11 yizinhlobo ezimbili ezinobungozi obuncane obhekene namaphesenti angaba ngu-90 azo zonke izimpi zamagciwane. Izimpi zomzimba ezibangelwa yizifo ezingavamile neze ziyaqhubeka nomdlavuza.
- Izinkinga eziphezulu kakhulu yizo ezingabangela ushintsho olungavamile kuma-cell ( dysplasia ) angaholela emdlalweni. Kuncike ekucindezelweni kwe-HPV ovezwe kuwo, i-dysplasia ingaba mnene noma ibe nzima. Phakathi kwezinkinga eziphakeme kakhulu, i-HPV 16 no-18 zihlotshaniswa namaphesenti angu-70 emdlavuza wesibeletho, kuyilapho i-HPV 16 ibhalwa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-90 ekhansela elidala. Ezinye izinhlobo ezinobungozi obuphezulu zifaka i-HPV 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58, no-59.
Ayikho indlela yokutshela ukuthi i-wart yomzimba "iyingozi kakhulu" noma "inengozi enkulu" ngokubonakala yedwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba ne-wart akusikho indlela ebonisa ukuthi unayo noma uzothola umdlavuza. Izivivinyo zokuhlola kuphela eziqinisekisa ukutheleleka kwakho nezingozi ezihlobene.
Izingozi Zengozi Yokuthuthukisa Ingculaza
Nakuba ezinye izinhlobo ze-HPV ezinobungozi obuphezulu zihlotshaniswa namanqamu athile, ososayensi abaqiniseki ukuthi kungani umdlavuza uzokhula kwabanye abantu abane-HPV hhayi abanye.
Kukholelwa ukuthi umlando nomlando womndeni uyingxenye ekunqumeni ukuthi ubani othola umdlavuza futhi ongenayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imvelo yomuntu, indlela yokuphila, kanye nempilo ejwayelekile (kuhlanganise nokutheleleka kwangaphambilini) kungasiza.
Ngaphandle kwenkinga ye-HPV nendawo yokutheleleka, kunezinye izici ezingakwandisa ingozi yomuntu wokudala umdlavuza. Phakathi kwazo:
- Ukutheleleka kwe-HPV okuqhubekayo (isikhathi eside esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-24)
- Ukutheleleka nge-HIV (kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokucindezeleka ngokuzivikela komzimba)
- I-Chlamydia futhi mhlawumbe i-herpes simplex virus ukutheleleka
- Izifo zokuvimbela umlomo (ukwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesibeletho)
- Ukuba nezikhukhula ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 ezigcwele (ukwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesibeletho)
- I-fistula ye-anal (engozini yomdlavuza wesilwane)
- Ukuba ngumuntu ocansini nabesilisa (ingozi yomdlavuza wesilwane)
- Ukubhema ugwayi (okuthinta zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza)
Kuzo zonke izici ezikhona, ukungabikho komdlavuza wokuhlola umdlavuza kungenye yezingozi ezinkulu. Lokhu akubandakanyi kuphela abesifazane abagwema ukuhlolwa kwesikhala se-Pap kodwa amadoda angavamile ukuhlolwa ngezinkinga zangasese noma zesisu.
Imithombo:
> Bzhalava, D .; Eklund, C .; kanye noDillner, J. "Ukumiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhlelwa kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-papillomavirus zabantu." I-Virology. 2015 Jan 8; 476C: 341-344. I-DOI: 10.1016 / j.virol.2014.12.028.
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. "I-HPV Vaccines: Ukugoma I-Your Preteen or Teen". I-Atlanta, Georgia; ibuyekezwe ngo-Agasti 24, 2017.
> Struyf, F .; I-Colau, B .; Wheeler, C. et al. "Ukusebenza komuthi we-papillomavirus (HPV) wabantu -16/18-ad0vant-adjuvanted ngokumelene nesigameko nokutheleleka okuqhubekayo ngezinhlobo ze-HPV ezingavunyelwe ukuhlolwa nge-HPV DNA: ukuhlaziywa kokuthunyelwe okuvela ku-PATRICIA ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe. " I-Clinic Immunol. " 2014: 22 (2): 235-244. I-DOI: 10.1128 / CVI.00457-14.