Ukubhema Ukubhema Kubangelwa Izifo, Ukugula Nokufa Okungakafiki
Kuyinto eyaziwa kakhulu ukuthi ukubhema ugwayi kuyingozi empilweni yakho. Cishe yonke imdlavuza ihlotshaniswa nenengozi eyengeziwe phakathi kwababhemayo. Kuyinto ephikisayo yezihlobo, ke-ke, kungani abantu abangaphezu kwezingu-20% base-United States bengabhemi bamanje. Izingozi zokubhema ziningi, zithinta ngisho nengane engakazalwa njengoba ihlala ingenasisu esibelethweni sikanina.
Kulabo abanesifiso esincane sokuyeka, lokhu okulandelayo kokubhema ugwayi kungasiza:
- Ngokusho kwe-American Lung Association, ukubhema ugwayi kuwumthombo obaluleke kakhulu wezifo nokugula kanye / noma ukufa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi emhlabeni wonke.
- Unyaka ngamunye, abantu abangu-443,000 baseMelika balahlekelwa yizifo ezihlobene nokubhema. Lokhu kubonisa ukufa kwabayisishiyagalolunye kwabahlanu, okwenza kube yimbangela yokufa yokuvimbela e-US.
- Ababhemayo abavamile bayafa ngaphambi kokungabhemi (eminyakeni engu-13 yamadoda neminyaka engu-14 yabesifazane).
- Cishe izigidi ezingu-8.6 zaseMelika zinenani lokugula okuhlobene nokubhema okungenani.
- Kuwo wonke ukufa e-US, kunabanye abantu abangu-20 abanezinga elilodwa lempilo elibi elihlobene nokubhema.
- Ukubhema kuholela ezinganeni ezingu-20-30% zokuzalwa kwesisindo esiphansi, cishe ama-15% ezokudiliva ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kanye nokufa kwezinsana ezingama-10%.
- I-US isebenzisa ngaphezu kwama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-190 ngonyaka ngonyaka izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezihlobene nokubhema kanye namaphesenti angu-$ 4,260 ezindleko eziqondile ngomuntu omuntu omnyama.
- Ama-cigarettes aqukethe amakhemikhali angaphezu kuka-7 000 - angu-69 alawa ayaziwa ngenxa yokwenza umdlavuza.
- Ukubhema kunomthwalo weminyaka engu-90 wabantu ababulawa ngumdlavuza kanye nabangaphezu kwama-80% wabantu abafelwa yi-COPD.
- I-Nicotine yisidakamizwa esinomlutha kakhulu, okuyinto, lapho inhalisiwe, ifinyelela ebuchosheni ngokushesha kunanoma imuphi umuthi ongenakujova, kuhlanganise ne-heroin. Lokhu yingxenye yesizathu sokuthi ukuyeka kulukhuni kakhulu.
- Ukubhema kuhlotshaniswa nokungazalwa kwamadoda.
- Ukubhema kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningana zokukhulelwa kubandakanya ingozi eyengeziwe yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha, ukuzala okuphansi, i-SIDS, i-ectopic pregnancy
- Abazali ababhema bangadala izinkinga zezempilo ezinganeni zabo, kufaka phakathi ukuqhuma kwesifo se- asthma, ukuvama kwemifudlana kanye / noma izifo zendlebe, kanye nesifo sokuzalwa kosana ngokungazelelwe.
- Ukubhema ugwayi kubangela izifo eziningana ezibandakanya i- COPD , isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-aneurysm yesisu esiswini, isifo sofuba, isifo sezinsini, isifo se- osteoporosis kanye nezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza. Kungaphinda kuholele ekusaneni, ukulimala okuphuthumayo, kanye nesifo se-peptic ulcer.
- Phakathi kwalabo abasazobhema, isifo esingapheli se-lung lungama-73% kuzo zonke izifo ezihlobene nokubhema. Kulabo abababhemayo ngaphambili, isifo esingapheli se-lung lungenza ama-50% azo zonke izimo ezihlobene nokubhema.
- Unyaka ngamunye, ukubhema komswakama kubangelwa ukufa kwabantu abangamantombazane angu-3,400 kanye nokufa kwezinhliziyo ezingu-46,000 e-United States kuphela.
- Ukubhema komzali kuholela ezingaphezu kuka-200,000 iziqephu ze-asthma kanye nokuvakashelwa kwezindlebe ze-709,000.
- Ukukhangisa ugwayi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni izidakamizwa njengoba kukhuthaza abantu abasha ukuba baqale ubudlelwane obugcwele nogwayi ngaphambi kokuba bebekhulile ngokwanele ukuqonda umthelela wokubhema onawo empilweni yabo.
- Ngo-2009, abafundi abangaphezu kuka-5% besikole samabanga aphakathi babephuza okwamanje kanti cishe abangaba ngu-20% kubo bonke abafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme babika ukuthi babebhemayo.
Ukuyeka ukubhema kuyisici esibalulekile sokuvimbela izifo kubantu abadala kanye nabantu abasha ngokufanayo. Ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo iyanciphisa kakhulu emva kokuphela konyaka owodwa wokuphela. Kungakapheli iminyaka emibili ingozi yakho yokushaya isifo ingase ibe yilabo ababhemayo. Ingozi yamakhansela omlomo, umphimbo, isisu nomswakama wehle ngo-50% engakapheli iminyaka emihlanu kanti ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu isinciphisa ngesigamu eminyakeni eyishumi,
Njengamanje, kunemithi engu-7 evunywe yi-FDA ukusiza abantu bayeke.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuyeka ukubhema kudinga imizamo eminingi, ukuyeka ukusiza ukubhema kanye nokululekwa ngabanye, iqembu noma ucingo kunconywa kakhulu ukukhulisa amathuba okuzama ukuyeka ukuphumelela.
Imithombo
I-American Lung Association. Imininingwane Ejwayelekile Yokubhema. Ifinyelele ngo-Juni 14, 2015.
Amasevisi Wokulawula Izifo. Imiphumela Yempilo Yokubhema Ugwayi. Ifinyelele ngo-Juni 14, 2015.
Ihlelwe nguPat Bass, MD