I-midfoot ingenye yezifunda ezintathu zomuntu. Igama layo lichaza ngokweqile, libhekisela endaweni ephakathi kwezinyawo. Ihlanganisa umdwebo wonyawo futhi iqukethe amathambo, amathenda, kanye nemigqa, ukuxhuma i-frontfoot ne-hindfoot.
Isakhiwo se-Human Foot
Inyawo lomuntu ingxenyana eyinkimbinkimbi emzimbeni, eyakhiwa ngamathambo angu-26-ngokugcwele amaphesenti angu-25 enani lamathambo kuwo wonke umzimba.
Liqinile, liguquguqukayo futhi liqinile, likwazi ukubekezelela isisindo esikhulu, amandla okuthinta kanye nokugqoka okujwayelekile nokusiklebhula njengoba kusihambisa lapho sihamba, sigijima, siphume, siphume futhi simane simile.
Amathambo ezinyawo ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:
- I-phalanges
- Amathambo e-metatarsal
- Amathambo amathumba
Unyawo luhlukaniswe ezindaweni ezintathu eziyinhloko: i- forefoot , i-midfoot kanye ne- hindfoot noma i-rearfoot .
Ukwakhiwa kweMidfoot
I-midfoot iqukethe amathambo ayisihlanu eyaziwa ngokuthi amathambo angaphansi kwe-tarsal njengeqembu. Lawa mathambo ahlanganisa:
- I-Cuboid: I-cuboid bone ingenye yamathambo ayisikhombisa e-tarsal asezindaweni zangasese noma zangaphandle ezinyaweni futhi, njengoba igama layo libonisa, lifana ne-cube. Inikeza ukuzinza, ukuxhuma izinyawo nezinyawo, futhi kusiza ekuhambeni kwezinzwane. Itholakala phakathi futhi iveza ngamathambo wesine nantathu ama-metatarsal ne-calcaneus, noma ithambo lesithende. Lihle ngemuva kwesine nelesihlanu izinzwane nangaphambi kwethambo lesithende.
- I-Navicular: Ithambo le-tarsal, elivame ukuchazwa njengesikebhe semikhumbi, elisehlangothini olunzulu lonyawo oluchazwa ngamathambo (ama-anklebone) namathambo e-cuneiform.
- I-cuneiform engaphakathi: I-bone enjenge-wedge eyenza amalunga enyawo eliphakathi. Itholakala ngaphakathi kwonyawo ngemuva kwe-metatarsal yokuqala (ithambo lezinzwane ezinkulu) naphambi kwe-navicular. Amathambo amakhulu kunawo wonke ama-cuneiform, anamathisela izinyawo eziningana ezinyaweni.
- I-cuneiform ephakathi: Ephakathi kwamanye amathambo amabili e-cuneiform, iphinde ibe nemigqa. Ikhuluma ngamanye amathambo amabili e-cuneiform, i-metatarsal yesibili (exhunywe amathambo okwezinyawo zesibili) kanye nethambo le-navicular. Yincane kunawo wonke amathambo e-cuneiform. Kubalulekile ukuguquguquka kwezinyawo.
- I-cuneiform yesikhashana: Ephakathi nendawo yamathambo e-tarsal angaphambili, i-cuneiform yesikhashana ihlala phakathi kwe-metatarsal yesithathu, i-cuboid, i-navicular kanye namathambo aphakathi kwe-cuneiform.
Izinyawo Zezintambo
Abagijimi, ikakhulukazi abagijimi, bangabhekana nezinkinga esifundeni sezinyawo. Ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngamathambo aphukile, ukukhathazeka okuvamile kwabanye abantu endaweni engaphansi kwezinyawo kuyinyawo eliphansi .
Kulabo abanezinyawo eziphansi, umcibisholo wokuqala ogijima phakathi kwesithende nezinzwane kanye nomcibisholo wesibili ohambelana nonyawo kokubili kuya phansi, okwenza kube sengathi "unyawo oluphansi." Isimo sezinyawo ezincane angeke sithinte ukunyakaza noma ukwethula ezinye izinkinga, nakuba ukuhamba ezinye, ukugijima nokuhlanganyela ezemidlalo kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu. Ngokuvamile kuyinkinga yokuzalwa, kepha ukuwohloka kwezicubu ezinyaweni ezivamile kungaholela ezinyaweni ezinyaweni.
I-Orthotics, njengokufaka izihlangu, ingenye yezokwelapha ezivame kakhulu ezinyaweni ezinyaweni.