Uma usuzwile igama elithi "phalanx elandelwayo" ungase uzibuze ukuthi ungubani. Kunamathambo amaningi ezinyaweni! Ake sibuke ukuthi isisindo se-phalanx esiphezulu, lapho lokhu kufana khona nokuhamba komunye unyawo, umsebenzi othize nenhloso yale mathambo, nokuthi yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingathinta zona.
Sibutsetelo
I-phalanx ehamba phambili i-phalanx (ithambo lesiswane) esiseduze nomlenze.
Isithombe sibonisa umdwebo lapho lamathambo alala khona ezinyaweni-emkhatsini we-phalanges ohamba phambili lapho uhlala khona emanzini onyawo.
Ngolwazi lwezokwelashwa, i-phalanx elandelwayo iyithambo entanyeni ngayinye esiseduze nethambo le-metatarsal elixhuma esitokisini esiphezulu se-phalanx.
Kuyini i-Phalanges?
"Phalanges" yiyona inqwaba ye-phalanx. Ngokwe-anatomy, libhekisela ndawonye emathanjeni (amunwe nezindwane) ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Kunamathambo ama-phalanx angu-56 emzimbeni womuntu. Inzwane enkulu (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-hallux) nesithupha ngasinye sinama-phalanges amabili, kanti ezinye iminwe nezinzwane zinezintathu.
Amathambo e-phalanx wezinzwane afushane kunezandla. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi nge-phalanx eseduze.
I-Anatomy emfushane yezinyawo nezinzwane
Ukuze uthole umqondo ongcono wendawo ye-phalanges ehamba phambili, kungasiza ekubukezeni okwesikhashana ukulinganisa okuyisisekelo kwezinyawo.
Izinyawo zihlaselwa ezindaweni ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- I-forefoot equkethe yonke i-phalanges (amabili ezinzwaneni ezinkulu nezintathu kwezinye izinzwane) kanye namathambo e-metatarsal
- I-midfoot eyinhloko yonyawo eyenziwe ngamathambo ayisihlanu
- I-hindfoot noma i-rearfoot eyaziwa ngokuthi isithende, futhi iqukethe amathambo amakhulu okuthiwa i-calcaneus kanye net bone
Uhlobo nesakhiwo
Umumo we-phalanx ohamba phambili u-concave ngaphansi, okusho ukuthi ugobile ngaphakathi, njengaphakathi ngaphakathi kwesitsha. Ingaphezulu ye-phalanx elandelanayo i-convex, enesimo esingafani nejika langaphandle njengokungaphandle kwebhola. Izinhlangothi zethambo zicindezelekile, okwenza ithambo libe lincane phakathi naphakathi kwemikhawulo.
Ukuphela kwesisekelo se-phalanx esiphezulu kufana nesimo lapho ixhuma khona emathambo e-metatarsal. Inhloko ye-phalanx ehamba phambili ixhuma kwi-phalanx ephakathi ngendlela evumelanayo evumela ukukhuluma.
Umsebenzi kanye nenjongo
I-phalanges ehamba phambili ibalulekile ekuvumela ukuba izinzwane zigobe kahle. Njengalokhu, zibalulekile emisebenzini kusukela ekuhambeni ukuya ekujuleni. Lawa mathambo nawo ayabalulekile ekunyameni okuhamba phambili, okukusiza ukuba uhambe ezindaweni ezingavamile futhi ugcine ibhalansi yakho.
Imibandela Yezokwelapha
Unyawo lomuntu luyingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yomzimba ophethe amandla amakhulu njengoba sihamba phambili ekuphileni kwethu. Njengalokhu, kungase kube lula ukulimala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthi izinyawo zethu zivezwe emandleni, izinhlungu zonyawo zingahle zikhawule cishe yonke imisebenzi emiphakathini yethu.
Nazi izinkinga ezimbalwa ezivamile ezingahlobene noma zithinte i-phalanx eseduze.
Amabhontshisi wezinyosi eziphukile
Izinyosi eziphukile zivamile, ngokuvamile zibangelwa into enzima yokuwashaya noma yokugxila inzwane ngokumelene nento. Zibuhlungu kakhulu futhi zingenza kube nzima ukuhamba. Uma kungalashwa, ukuhlukana okujulile kungaphulukisa ngokungalungile futhi kubangele ezinye izinkinga zonyawo phansi komugqa. Ukucindezeleka kwezinkinga zonyawo kungase kwenzeke, lezo zivame ukubangelwa ukulimala ngokweqile. Ukuvuma ubuhlungu bonyawo, uma uhlangabezana nakho, futhi ufuna ukwelashwa, kuyindlela eyodwa yokuvimbela lezi zintambo ukuthi zingabangela ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo phansi komgwaqo.
Ama-Hammer Toes
Ama-Hammertoes yinkinga ejwayelekile yonyawo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabesifazane, okungathinta izinzwane ezilodwa noma ngaphezulu, nakuba kungavamile kuzinzwane ezinkulu.
Zibonakala nge-bend ephakeme phakathi kwezinzwani ezisehlangothini lwe-metatarsophalangeal lapho i-phalanx ehamba phambili ihlangana namathambo e-metatarsal. Imisipha emandla ezinzwaneni ivumela izintambo ukuba zifinyeze futhi ngaleyo ndlela zidonsa izinyawo ezisezinyaweni, kubangele ukuhlanganiswa okuphakeme kanye nokubukeka "kokunyanyiswa" kwezwane. Esinye sezimbangela zezintambo kungaba izicathulo ezincane kakhulu.
I-Metatarsalgia
I-Metatarsalgia ubuhlungu obuvela enyaweni phakathi kwe-arch nezinzwane, ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe kwe-metatarsophalangeal yezinzwane ezinkulu. Ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga ngezinyawo ze-biomechanics noma ukukhubazeka. Ububele nobuhlungu lapho uhamba kukhona izimpawu ezivamile.
I-osteoarthritis
I-osteoarthritis yisifo esiyingozi sezingxenyana lapho i-cartilage, efana ne-cushion phakathi kwamathambo ehlangene, ihlaziya. Kungathuthuka njengomphumela wokugqoka nokukhipha okuvamile kokujoyina. Ukulimaza nokulimala ezinyaweni, izinyawo ezingavamile ze-biomechanics kanye nokukhubazeka nakho kungabangela ukuba i-osteoarthritis ithuthuke.
Ama-osteophytes (i-Bone Spurs)
I-Bone ihluma yizikhukhula ze-bony noma izilinganiso ezingakhula ngamalungu. Ngokuvamile zihlotshaniswa ne-osteoarthritis. Kungabangela ubuhlungu futhi kubangele ukulinganiselwa ekuhambeni kwamajoyina abathintekayo.
Ukunakekela Izinyawo Zakho
Sivame ukuthatha izinyawo zethu kancane kuze kube yilapho ukulimala noma i-arthritis kusishukumisela ukuba sibone ukuthi sincike kangakanani emsebenzini wabo ojwayelekile. Uma unenkinga enzima noma eqhubekayo, qiniseka ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone udokotela wakho noma umculi wephoyisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izimo eziningi zonyawo zilula kakhulu ukuphatha uma zingenayo inkinga engapheli.
Imithombo:
Gill, T., Menz, H., Landorf, K., Arnold, J., Taylor, A., noC. Hill. Ukukhonjwa kwamaClusters of Foot Foot Pain Indawo yesampula somphakathi. Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Arthritis Nokucwaninga . 2017 Feb 23. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Izimiso zikaHarrison zeMithi yangaphakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.