Ukwehlukana kwamandla kuyisilinganiso sokuthi i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide ihanjiswa kanjani kahle (ihlukaniswe) emaphashini nasegazini.
I-oksijeni ne-carbon dioxide zidinga ukudlula emaphashini okuthiwa i-alveolar-capillary membrane. Lona ungqimba phakathi kwamabhasi amancane emaphaphu (i- alveoli ) nemithambo yegazi encane kakhulu ehamba ngamapayipi ( capillaries) ).
I-oksijeni eyakhiwe kahle ingaphumelela kanjani (ihlukanisa) ukusuka e-alveoli ibe ngegazi, nokuthi i-carbon dioxide ikwazi kanjani ukudlula kuma-capillari egazi ibe yi-alveoli futhi ikhishwe amandla, kuncike ekutheni leli bhande lilukhuni kangakanani iyatholakala ukuze ukudluliselwa kwenzeke.
Kutjho ukuthini ukungafani kwamandla okuncani?
Kunezinhlelo ezimbili ezihlukene ezihlukanisa umthamo zingancipha.
- Ukwehlukana kwamandla kungase kube phansi uma kukhona isifo samaphaphu okwenza ukuba umbuso ube mkhulu, isibonelo, ezifweni ezifana ne- pulmonary fibrosis ne- sarcoidosis .
- Ukwehlukana kwamandla kungase kube phansi uma kunendawo encane etholakalayo yokudluliselwa kwe-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide, isibonelo, nge- emphysema noma uma amaphaphu noma ingxenye yamaphaphu isuswe umdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Ukuhlukunyezwa Kanjani Ukuhlolwa?
Ukuhlola ukukhishwa kwamandla kuvame ukuqhutshwa kanye nezinye izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamapulmoni .
Kulesi sivivinyo, i-mask ifakwa ngaphezu kobuso bakho. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uzothatha umoya ojulile wegesi, ubambe umoya wakho, bese umoya ozokhipha uzobe ulinganiswa.
Igesi ophefumulayo kuyoqukatha i-carbon monoxide kanye negesi le-tracer njenge-helium. Qaphela, ukuthi lezi zihanjiswa ngemali encane futhi lokhu akusivivinyo esiyingozi.
Lapho igesi ekhishwe umoya igxile, odokotela bangase banqume ukuthi i-carbon dioxide ne-helium ingakanani phakathi kwe-alveoli kuya kuma-capillari, ngokunquma umehluko phakathi kokukhathala nokukhipha amandla.
Lokhu kuvivinywa kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-DLCO-okusho ukusabalalisa emaphashini e-carbon monoxide.
Izimbangela Zokunciphisa Amandla Okunciphisa
Kunezimo eziningana ezingabangela umthamo ophansi wokusabalalisa. Izifo zamaphaphu ezithintekayo ezifana ne-pulmonary fibrosis ngokuvamile ziyanciphisa amandla okuhlukanisa (DLCO) ngenxa yokulahla nokuqina kwendawo phakathi kwama-alveoli nama-capillari.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izifo zamaphaphu ezivimbelayo ezifana ne-emphysema zinganciphisa i-DLCO ngokunciphisa indawo engena kuyo igesi. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezifo eziphazamisayo nezivimbelayo zamaphaphu lapha .
Izimo ezingahambelani ngqo nomsebenzi wamaphaphu nazo zingabangela ukwehla kwendawo ekhona phakathi kwama-alveoli nama-capillari. Isibonelo, i-clot yegazi emthonjeni wamaphaphu (i- pulmonary embolism ) ingabangela ukuba i-carbon monoxide ingeniswe e-alveoli engenakwazi ukudluliselwa kuma-capillari anikezwa yi-artery.
Izifo ezibangelwa ukwehla kweDLCO zihlanganisa:
Izifo zamaphaphu ezithintekayo ezibangelwa ukuqina kwekhanda lamagundane alveolar-capillary
- I-pulmonary fibrosis
- I-Sarcoidosis
Izifo nezifo zesifo samaphaphu ezivimbela izifo ezibangelwa phansi emaphashini
- Emphysema
- I-asthma
- Umdlavuza we-Lung
- Ukuhlinzwa kwamangqamuzana
Ezinye izimo ezinciphisa indawo engaphezulu kwesikhumba se-alveoli-capillary
- Ukubumbana kwamapulmonary
- Ukuzibulala kwamapulmonary
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wepulmonary
Izimbangela Zokuhlukana Kakhulu Kwekhono
Ngokuvamile, i-DLCO ingase ibe phezulu. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke nge-asthma, i- polycythemia vera (isifo esinesifo se-hemoglobin esiphezulu), nezifo ezibangelwa ukubeletha ezenza ukuba igazi livinjelwe kusukela ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo kuya ngakwesokudla senhliziyo.
Izizathu zokwenza ukuhlolwa kweLung Ukusakaza
Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engahle acele ukuhlolwa kwe-lungs diffusion. Lokhu kufaka:
- Ukuxilonga - Odokotela bangasebenzisa i-DLCO ukuxilonga izimo zezokwelapha ezifana ne-emphysema,
- Ukuqapha ukwelashwa - Ukuhlukana kwamandla kungabhekwa ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi isimo siphumelele yini, noma ngabe siphuthukisiwe ngezokwelapha.
- Ukuqala kokuhlinzwa - Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu , ukuhlukumeza umthamo kuyisimo esibalulekile kubantu abacubungula ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngoba kungasiza odokotela ukuba banqume (kanye nezinye izici) ukuthi umuntu uzobekezelela kanjani ukuhlinzwa.
> Imithombo:
> I-National Institute of Health. I-Medline Plus. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Lung Broadcasting. Kubuyekezwe ngo-11/19/15. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003854.htm
> McCormack, M. Ukuhlukumeza amandla e-carbon monoxide. Kusesikhathini. Kubuyekezwe 02/10/16. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/diffusing-capacity-for-carbon-monoxide