Wonke umuntu ubelokhu ehlambalaza nge-apula ka-apula ka-Aunt's, kodwa ngokushesha nje uma uyidla, awuzizwa kahle kakhulu. Isisu sakho siqala ukuthukuthela futhi umphimbo wakho uzizwa unomusa. Ingabe uhlehla ngento ethile noma mhlawumbe uhlangabezana nokuphendula okweqile? Manje ukuthi ucabanga ngakho, izimpawu zibonakala zijwayele, ngoba lena akuyona okokuqala ozizwa ngale ndlela.
Kunokuba ucabange ukuthi akulutho, kubalulekile ukwabelana ngalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho nodokotela wakho ukuze ulawule ukudla kokudla. Ngokusebenza nodokotela wakho ngeke nje ufike ezansi kulezi zimpawu kodwa wazi futhi kanye nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani futhi ugweme noma yiziphi izimo ezingasongela ukuphila.
Ngenkathi izimpawu zokudla kokudla zingahlukahluka komunye nomuntu, ziqala ngezigaba ezimbili zokudla ukudla okudliwayo. Ukunciphisa ukudla kuyisimiso sokuzivikela komzimba esithinta kakhulu amaprotheni atholakele ekudleni. Umzimba uphenduka njengokungathi i-allergen yokudla iyisifo sofuba noma umonakalo wangaphandle, futhi umzimba uzama ukulwa nawo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi izigidi ezingu-15 zaseMelika ziye zatholakala ukuthi zinesifo sokudla, ezinye zikwazi ukusabela ngokumangalisayo, kanti ezinye zenziwa ngokusabela kokusongela ukuphila. Yize izimpawu zokungenwa kokudla zivame ukuba khona ngemva kwesikhashana, ukukhathazeka kokudla, njengokungabekezelelani kwe-lactose noma isifo sokuzivikela nge-auto-immune njengesifo se-celiac , kungase kubambezeleke kuze kufike kumahora angu-12.
Izimpawu ezizwakalayo yizo ezenzeka ngemuva kokungena kokudla okulimazayo. Lezi zimpawu zithinta isikhumba, isisu, umoya, amehlo, noma umzimba wonke. Ezinye zezibonakaliso zokungezwani kokudla kukhona:
Ukusabela Kwesikhumba
Ukwelashwa kokudla kungabangela ukuqhuma kwesikhumba, njengokuthi:
- Ama-hives : Ama-welts aphakanyisiwe aphakama emzimbeni futhi abukeka njengamazinyo okulunywa futhi ahlasele
- I-Eczema : I-scaly, ukuqhuma okumangalisa okungahle kusheshe noma kuhlanganise
- Ukuvuvukala: Izicubu ezivuvukile ebusweni nasemilonyeni, ikakhulukazi
Xoxa nodokotela wakho okungenzeka ukwelashwa kulezi ziphukuphuku esikhumba. Odokotela bavame ukuphakamisa ukwelashwa kwesikhumba nge-antihistamine yomlomo, njenge-Benadryl (diphenhydramine) noma ama-agent e-topical afana nama-steroid creams, ama-calamine lotion, noma ama-oatmeal baths. Kubalulekile ukucubungula izinyosi, bese uqaphela ukuthi zihlala isikhathi esifushane noma zibonakala zihlala isikhathi eside kunamahora ambalwa. Lokhu kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuba anqume imbangela yamifuba. Futhi uma noma yimaphi ama-hive atholakele emlonyeni noma emphinjeni, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha ngoba lungabangela izimo ezisongela ukuphila.
Izimpawu zesisu nesisu
Ukwelashwa kokudla kungabangela izimpawu zesisu noma emathunjini, okuyindlela umzimba oqeda ukudla okulimazayo, njengokuthi:
- I-nausea: Ukucasula isisu, unomuzwa wokuthi ungaphonsa
- Ubuhlungu besisu: Ubuhlungu esiswini sakho noma endaweni yesisu
- Ukuvota: Ukuphonsela phezulu
- Isifo sohudo: I- Loose, isithombo samanzi, izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesithathu ngosuku
Ngenkathi i-stomachache engapheli ingase ibe isibonakaliso sokuthi unesifo somzimba, kungase kube isibonakaliso senye inkinga yokugaya ukudla. Ukwehlukana kwe-Lactose, isifo se-celiac, isifo sofuba esivuvukalayo (IBD) , nezilonda ziphakathi kwezinye izimo ezingabonisa izimpawu ezifanayo.
Ngesikhathi ama-antihistamine engasiza imithi, awazisi ukuxazulula izimpawu zaleminye imibandela.
Uma izimpawu zakho ziyi-digestive ngokuyinhloko, kufanele ufune i- gastroenterologist ukukusiza ukukhomba inkinga futhi uthole izixazululo.
Airways
Ukudla okudlayo okuthinta izindiza zomoya kuyingozi kakhulu futhi kudinga ukuphathwa ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukungezwani komzimba nokuthi yini engasabela ngayo uma uvezwa ku-allergen yokudla. Ukungezwani komzimba kungathinta amaphaphu, umlomo, umphimbo, nokukwazi ukuphefumula. Uma une-asthma ne-allergies yokudla, usemngciphekweni ophezulu wokuba nesifo esibi kakhulu esithinta ukwelashwa okubandakanya inkinga yokuphefumula.
Labo abaye batholakala ukuthi bane-allerphylactic allergies kumele baphathe imithi njalo uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
Ezinye izimpawu ze-allergies ezithinta ama-airways zihlanganisa:
- Ukushisa: Umsindo ophezulu owenziwe uma uzama ukuphefumula ngokusebenzisa izibhubhu zokuphefumula ezivuvukalayo
- Ukukhukhuma: Lokhu kungenziwa ngenxa yomphimbo obabazayo noma ukuvuvukala okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphefumula
- I-rhinitis ye-allergen: Ikhala le-Runny
- I-Angioedema : Ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi, amehlo noma ubuso
Xoxa nodokotela wakho ukuthi ungaphatha kanjani ukuvuvukala okuncane, ukuqhuma izindebe noma ulimi lwakho. Kwabanye abantu, i-antihistamine yomlomo, njenge-Benadryl, iyindlela yokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, labo abasengozini yokuvuvukala kwemimoya yomoya, ukukhathazeka ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela okuncane, ukukhwehlela noma ukukhathazeka kungase kubonise izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis. Lezi zimo zingadinga ukuthi umuntu athathe futhi asebenzise, uma kudingekile, umthamo we-epinephrine engena-auto, futhi afune ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Amehlo
Ukuzizwa kwe-eyeergic kwamehlo kubizwa ngokuthi i-allergenctivitis ye-allergenic. Izimpawu ziyi:
- Ukubomvu
- Itching
- Ukunisela
- Ukuvuvukala
Xoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokwelapha amahloni, amehlo enamehlo. Kubantu abaningi, ukusebenzisa i-antihistamine yomlomo kuzosiza ukuxazulula izimpawu.
Okumangalisayo, Ukuphendula Okuphelele Komzimba ( Anaphylaxis )
I-Anaphylaxis uhlobo lokuphazamiseka (ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi yegazi) obangelwa ukusabela okweqile. Lolu hlobo lokuphendula lungenzeke phakathi namaminithi okuvezwa kwe-allergen, nakuba kwabanye kungase kungabikho amahora amabili. Ngenxa yobunzima bokuziphendulela, kubalulekile ukungayinaki uphawu lokuqala lokuphendula. Kungabandakanya ezinye noma zonke izimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla, kanye nokunye okunye okunye okusebenzayo:
- Umqondo wengozi ezayo - Iziguli zivame ukubika lo mzwa njengoba zinqotshwa yizigungu zesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba ukuze zivezwe yi-allergen
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuqonda - Lokhu kuhambisana nokucindezelwa kwegazi okuphansi kanye nokunciphisa kwenhliziyo
- Ukuphefumula okunzima
- Isikhumba esiphezulu
- Isizungu, ukukhanya okungapheli - Lokhu kuvame ukungenxa yokuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi
I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo esongela ukuphila. Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis, shayela u-911 ngokushesha futhi unikeze usizo lokuqala lwe-anaphylaxis .
I-Anaphylaxis ingathuthuka ngokushesha futhi ingabangela ukufa kungakapheli imizuzu engaba ngu-30 ekuqaleni kwezimpawu uma kungenjalo ukuphathwa ngokuphuthumayo nge- epinephrine esiphuthumayo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka uhlangabezana ne-anaphylaxis, ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka. Kwezinye izimo, cishe u-10-20% wesikhathi, umuntu obhekana nesisindo esinqunyiwe salesi sibindi angadinga isilinganiso somuntu wesi-epinephrine ukuze akwazi ukukhulula izimpawu.
Izindlela Zokudla Zomzimba Wokudla Kwezingane
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abantwana abanezinkinga zokudla bangase bahlathulule izimpawu zabo ngokungafani nomuntu omdala. Izingane zingase zingazazi amagama afanele ukuchaza izimpawu ongazibona kalula. Qaphela ukuthi ingane ene-allergies yokudla ingasho okuthi "lokhu kuyiphunga kakhulu," noma "ulimi lwami luzwa lukhuni," uma bedla ukudla okudliwayo. Bangase babe nokuhlukumezeka noma ukucasula, ukuzwa ubuhlungu besisu noma isifo sohudo, futhi bangakwazi ukuchaza lokho abakutholayo.
Uma ingane yakho iqala ukuzwa ukuvuvukala komlomo, umlomo noma ulimi noma ubhekene nokuphefumula ukuphefumula, shayela u-911 ngokushesha. Ungalindeli ukuthi izimpawu zokuphazamisa noma ukuhlukumezeka, ukuze kubhekane nalokho, kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha. Uma ukhathazekile ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ibe nokudla kokudla noma ibe engozini yokudliwayo kokudla, khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane ngokubona i-allergenist eqinisekisiwe ebhodini.
Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kubaluleke nakakhulu ukuba uqaphele noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okungase kube khona ezinganeni nasezincane. Izimpawu zingase zihluke ezinsaneni ezinezinkinga zokudla , futhi futhi njengoba zingakwazi ukuxhumana kalula, ngumthwalo wemfanelo womnakekeli wokuqapha izimpawu ezingase zibe nezifo ezingezansi.
Ehlelwe nguMarlo Mittler, MS RD