I-aspirin, isisindo esivame ukusetshenziswa-ubuhlungu kanye nesidakamizwa esiphikisayo, singasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yemicimbi ye-cardiovascular, njenge-heart attack ( infarction ye-myocardial ) kanye nesifo sohlangothi. Kumele ucabange ukwelashwa okuvimbela nge-aspirin - kodwa kuphela uma izinzuzo ezinengi zingaphezu kwezingozi, kanti udokotela wakho uyavuma ukuthi kuyinto ehlakaniphile yokwenza.
Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kanye nokushaywa komzimba ngokuvamile kuvela lapho i- clot yegazi ivela ngokuzumayo ngaphakathi komunye wemisipha ehambisa oksijini enhliziyweni noma ebuchosheni.
Lezi zindwangu ezingavamile zegazi zivame ukwenzeka uma i- plaque ihlukana odongeni lomthambo. I-clot ingavimbela ukugeleza kwegazi, okuveza ukulimala kwenhliziyo (ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo) noma ubuchopho (isifo sohlangothi).
I-aspirin ingavimbela ukwakheka kwalezi zingxube zegazi eziyingozi ngokuphazamisa isenzo seplatelet yegazi, ngakho-ke kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo nokushaya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, ubufakazi buqoqiwe bethonya ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-aspirin ephansi isikhathi eside kunganciphisa ingozi yokufa ngumdlavuza. Inhlanganisela yokunciphisa ingozi ye-cardiovascular kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza kwenza i-aspirin ye-dose ephansi ifomu elikhangayo lemithi yokuvimbela - uma imiphumela emibi ingagwenywa.
Imiphumela emibi ye-Aspirin
Izinzuzo ezingase zenzeke njenge-aspirin kufanele zihlale zilinganiswa nemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Imiphumela emibi ye-aspirin isifo esiswini kanye nokuphuma kwamanzi - ama-nosebleeds, ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini, nokuphaphaza ebuchosheni ( ukushaywa kwesisu ).
Ngenkathi ukuphuma kwegazi kusengokwemvelo, kwenzeka. Ngakho-ke noma ubani onengozini eyengeziwe yokwelapha (njengomlando wezilonda zamaphilisi noma isifo sofuba) kufanele azame ukugwema i-aspirin.
Ukusetshenziswa Okujwayelekile Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yomphefumulo
1) I-aspirin ingaba ukusindisa ukuphila kubantu ababa ne- acon corndary syndromes .
Noma ubani ocabanga ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo kufanele athathe u-162 noma u-325 mg we-aspirin ngokushesha (okuyingxenye eyodwa noma ingxenye ye-tablet ephelele ye-aspirin).
2) I-aspirin iyanconywa kakhulu kubantu abaye bahlaselwa yinhliziyo ngaphambili, bane- angina , bathole i- angioplasty noma ama-stents , noma abaye bahlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa komzimba . Kulabo bantu, phakathi kuka-75 no-100 mg we-aspirin ngosuku kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo.
3) I-aspirin inconywa ngabantu abaningi (kodwa hhayi bonke) abaye babetha izigameko zakamuva noma ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okudlulayo (TIA, noma "ama-mini-strokes"). Ezinye izihlungu zenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni, esikhundleni sezingxenyeni zegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, futhi i-aspirin ngokuvamile ayinconywa kulolo hlobo lwesifo. Uma unesihlungu noma i-TIA, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe i-aspirin ingaba yinzuzo kuwe.
4) I-aspirin yansuku zonke (75 - 100 mg) ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kubantu abanobunzima obukhulu kakhulu bokugula komzimba, kodwa abangakaze bahlaselwe yinhliziyo noma angina. Kulaba bantu, i-aspirin kufanele icatshangelwe ngokuqinile uma ingozi yokuba nomcimbi we-cardiovascular is high (ingozi engama-10 okungenani okungu-6 kuya kwezingu-10%), kanti ingozi yemiphumela emibi ibhekwa njengephansi (bheka isigaba esihlangothini Imiphumela, ngezansi).
Ukuphakama kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo, inzuzo enkulu ye-aspirin; kuphakamisa ingozi yokucindezeleka kwegazi, ukwehlisa inzuzo engaba khona ye-aspirin.
Ngakho-ke, iziphathimandla eziningi zincoma ukuthi, kubantu abangenayo isifo senhliziyo, okwamanje isinqumo sokusebenzisa i-aspirin ye-prophylactic kufanele ibe ngabanye. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ungenayo isifo senhliziyo kodwa uye wakhuphula ingozi, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ukuthi i-prophylactic aspirin ingaba yinto enhle.
Sebenzisa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela
Abashukela abanesifo sikashukela abaye bahlaselwa yinhliziyo, ama-angina noma isifo sohlangothi kufanele bathathe i-aspirin njengabangewona abesifo sikashukela abaye bahlangabezana nalezi zenzakalo zenhliziyo.
Futhi kuze kube yamuva, i-aspirin yansuku zonke iphakanyiswa kakhulu kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-40, ngisho noma bengenalo umlando wezifo zenhliziyo. Kodwa le ncomo manje ishintshile.
Ngokusekelwe kolwazi oluvela ezivivinyweni zamuva zomtholampilo, i-American Diabetic Association, i-American Heart Association, ne-American College of Cardiology batusa i-aspirin ephansi ye-prophylactic (75 - 162 mg / ngosuku) kuphela kubantu besifo sikashukela abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50, nesifo sikashukela abesifazane beseneminyaka engama-60 ubudala, okungenani okungenani eyodwa eyingozi engozini yesifo senhliziyo (ngaphezu kwesifo sikashukela), njengomlando oqinile womndeni wezifo zenhliziyo, ukubhema, ukwanda kwegazi lipids, noma ukucindezeleka kwegazi. Isiphakamiso esilula kakhulu sabashukela besifo sikashukela sihlobene nobufakazi obusha bokuthi ukuphuma kwamathumbu nge-aspirin kungase kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela kunabangewona abesifo sikashukela.
Indima Ekunciphiseni Ingozi Yomdlavuza
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo oluthile luye lwasikisela ukuthi ukuthatha i-aspirin ye-dose ephansi nsuku zonke esikhathini eside (okungenani iminyaka emihlanu) kuhlotshaniswa nenengozi enciphise yokufa ngumdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wekoloni kanye ne-lymphoma. Ikhono le-aspirin lokunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza liholela (nakolunye uhlangothi) ukuhlolwa kabusha kwezincomo ezijwayelekile mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-aspirin ye-prophylactic. Isibonelo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinzuzo ezihlangene ze-cardiovascular and cancer umdlavuza we-aspirin ophansi, ngo-2012 i-American College of Chest Physicians (i-ACCP) yancoma ukuthi cishe wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 kufanele athathe i-aspirin ye-dose ephansi-ngaphandle uma engavamile ingozi enkulu yokuphuma kwamanzi.
Ngenkathi isikhundla se-ACCP singase sigcine samukelwa amanye amaqembu ochwepheshe, njengamanje i-ACCP yiyona kuphela inhlangano ekhethekile eye yafinyelela kule ncomo eqhubekayo. Ezinye izinhlangano ezikhethekile kanye namaphakheji ochwepheshe (njenge-United States Preventive Services Task Force) basakhuthaza (ngenxa yengozi yokuphuma), futhi batusa ngokuqinile ukuthi iziguli nodokotela bazo banqume ukuthi umuntu uqobo yini ukuthi i-prophylactic aspirin ingumqondo omuhle.
Okubalulekile
Kubantu abalungile, i-aspirin ingaba usizo olukhulu ekuvikeleni izenzakalo ezinkulu zenhliziyo ezifana nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo nokushaya, futhi kunganciphisa ingozi yokufa kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Kodwa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi ye-aspirin, kufanele uyenze uma kuphela izinzuzo ezingaphezu kwezingozi ezingenzeka. Lokhu kuseyinkinga okufanele uxoxe ngayo nodokotela wakho.
Imithombo:
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UPignone M, u-Alberts MJ, uColwell JA, et al. I-aspirin yokuvimbela okuyisisekelo isifo senhliziyo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ukujikeleza ngo-2010; I-DOI: 10.1161 / CIR.0b013e3181e3b133.
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