Imicabango engalungile mayelana nokulondoloza izidakamizwa ngosawoti
Ukulondoloza ukudla ngosawoti ngumkhuba wesintu wasendulo owabuyela ngaphambi kwamarekhodi alotshiwe. Izinyosi ze-beer, ama-pickle kanye ne-saumon esebhemayo yizo zonke izibonelo zokudla okuvamile okugcinwa kusetshenziswa usawoti. Kodwa ingabe ukudla okunamafutha akuphephile ngempela? Ukwasawoti njengendlela yokulondolozwa kanjani kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuphepha kokudla?
Usawoti njengesivikelo
Usawoti usetshenziswe njengendlela yokulondolozwa iminyaka eminingi, futhi isebenza ukulondoloza ukudla ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Usawoti udla ukudla. Usawoti udonsa amanzi ngaphandle kokudla uphinde uwuphephe amanzi. Zonke izinto eziphilayo zidinga amanzi futhi azikwazi ukukhula ngokungabikho kwamanzi, kubandakanya amabhaktheriya angabangela uketshezi kokudla. Usawoti usetshenziselwa ukulondoloza inyama yezinyosi ngokuyigcina isomile, futhi ivimbela ibhotela ukuthi ingabhubhisi ngokukhipha amanzi ngaphandle, ushiye amafutha kuphela.
- Usawoti ubulala ama-microbes. Usawoti ophakeme unobuthi kuya eziningi (hhayi zonke) ezincane ngenxa yemiphumela ye-osmolarity, noma ukucindezelwa kwamanzi. Amanzi ahlukene phakathi kwamangqamuzana emvelo ukuze i-concentration (solerals) ifane nhlangothi zombili zeseli. Ezingxenyeni eziphakeme kakhulu usawoti, ama-microbes amaningi azoqhekeka ngenxa yokwehlukana kokucindezela phakathi kokungaphandle nangaphakathi kwenyama. Usawoti ophakeme ungabuye ube yingozi kunezinqubo zangaphakathi ze-microbes, ezithinta i-DNA kanye nama-enzyme. Izixazululo eziphezulu ushukela nazo zinomthelela ofanayo namagciwane, yingakho isetshenziselwa ukulondoloza ukudla okufana ne-jams kanye namajellies.
Imicabango engalungile mayelana nokulondolozwa kosawoti
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukudla okune-saltier kunamathela kakhulu ekukhuleni kwamagciwane. Ngenxa yalokho, bazimisele kakhulu ukudla ukudla okungabaza uma benoketshezi ophakeme kasawoti.
Nanka amaqiniso. Iningi lama-bacterium, ngaphandle kwe-halophiles (ama-bacteria anothando usawoti), ayikwazi ukukhula ezimweni lapho ukuhlushwa ketshezi kunamaphesenti ayishumi.
Izibhamu zingamelana namazinga ansawoti aphakeme nakakhulu. Ukuze uthole u-10 wamaphesenti usawoti, kuzodingeka uchithe u-180 g usawoti emanzini angu-1800 g, cishe okulingana no-1 inkomishi kasawoti ehlakazwa ku-7.5 izindebe zamanzi.
Ngabe usawoti u-10% usawoti? Wake wake wawa amanzi ngamanzi ngesikhathi ugada olwandle? Amanzi olwandle angamaphesenti angu-3.5 usawoti. Cabanga nje ukuphuza amanzi olwandle okuphindwe kathathu saltier.
Yikuphi Ukudla Okunokwanele Usolwandle (> Amaphesenti angu-10) Ukuyeka Ukukhula Kwebhaktheriya?
Nasi uhlu lwesampula lokudla abantu abaningi abangakucabanga ngokuthi "usawoti." Iphesenti likasawoti ibalwa ngokuhlukanisa isisindo sonke sokudla ngesisindo sikasawoti.
- 1 esebenzisa amafriji aseMcDonald's (medium): 266 mg / 117 g = usawoti wamaphesenti angu-0.2
- 1 ukukhonza i-Doritos, i-Nacho I-flavor ye-Cheese: 310 mg / 50 g = u-0.6 wamaphesenti usawoti
- 1 ekhonza isobho se-inkukhu ye-inkukhu (igodliwe): 890 mg / 126 g = amaphesenti angu-0.7 usawoti
- 1 ukukhonza ugaxekile kaHorme: 767 mg / 56 g = u-1.4 amaphesenti usawoti
Qaphela ukuthi akekho kulawa abuye asondele ku-10% we-cutoff usawoti wokuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. Ngokuvamile ukudla okulondoloziwe usawoti kunomile, njengenkabi jerky, noma kudinga isiqandisiso ngemuva kokuvula, njengama-pickle noma ham ephilisiwe.
Kuthiwani ngeBrines and Condiments?
Ama-Brines kanye nama-condiments ayaziwa ukuthi anokolweni usawoti ophezulu, kodwa ahlangabezana nezimfuneko zokwasawoti ezingamaphesenti angu-10 ukuvimbela ukukhula kwebhaktheriya?
- Ikhekheji lepakethe eli-1: 67 mg / 6 g = amaphesenti angu-1.1 usawoti
- Ipakethe le-1: 57 mg / 5 g = amaphesenti angu-1.1 usawoti
- 1 iphakethe le-soy sauce: 493 mg / 8 g = u-6.1 wamaphesenti usawoti
- Izinkukhu zamahhala: 180,000 mg / 7560 g = amaphesenti angu-2.3 usawoti
Ngakho, ngisho ne-soy sauce ayilona usawoti okwanele ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. Kungani kungagcinwa kungenasiphelo? Njengoba i-soy sauce engenazo ezinye izithako ezibalulekile ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwe-microbial, njengama-protini noma ama-carbohydrate, kunengozi enkulu yokuyiyeka e-countertop yakho.
Kuthiwani Ngokudla Okulondoloziwe Kokusawoti?
Kuze kube manje, ukudla esikufakile kwaziwa ukuthi kunamanzi, kodwa ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuthi ukudla okungawusizo usawoti kungesizathu sokudla ukudla okuphephile.
Kuthiwani ngokudla okwakucatshangwa ukuthi kwakudliwa okusawoti?
- I-pickle ye-dill: 1181 mg / 135 g = u-0.9 wamaphesenti usawoti
- Inqama eyodwa yenkomo: 443 mg / 20 g = 2.2 amaphesenti usawoti
- 1 ukukhonza ham: 1.2 amaphesenti usawoti
Ngisho nokudla okulondoloziwe kasawoti akuhlangabezani nezidingo zethusi ngo-10% zokuvimbela ukukhula kwe-microbial. Kodwa izici ezengeziwe mayelana nalezi zokudla, njengokungcoliswa kwamanzi (yenkomo jerky) noma ukungezwa kwe-asidi (amakhukhamba) noma okulondolozwayo (ham), kusiza ukuvimbela ukususwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla okuningi okulondolozwa usawoti kudinga isiqandisiso ngemuva kokuvulwa ukuze kuphuculwe ukukhula kwe-microbial.
Amanqanaba Okunsawoti Aphakeme Avimbela I-Spoilage Engcono Kunamazinga Asolwandle Okuphansi?
Ngokudla okuningi okudliwayo, impendulo ayikho, ukuhlushwa kasawoti okuphakeme akusizi ukugcina ukudla kwakho kuhlanzekile ngaphandle uma ufuna ukubeka ingozi ekutholeni ubuthi be-sodium . Ukudla okuningi okubalulwe ngenhla kunamazinga kasawoti angaphansi kwezingu-2 amaphesenti (ngaphandle kwe-soy sauce).
Ulwandle Lwasezingeni eliphezulu Lungasiza Ngempela Ukusiza Amagciwane Akhule
Uyazi ukuthi amabhaktheriya akhula kakhulu ezimweni saltier kunokudla okuningi esikudlayo? Ama-laboratory labs lapho amabhaktheriya ekhula khona njalo ukuze uvivinye asebenzise isisombululo esibizwa ngokuthi "LB," noma i-Luria Broth, ukuze kukhule kahle amabhaktheriya. Iyini ukuhlushwa usawoti kaLB? Kuyi-1 amaphesenti, noma cishe u-saltiness we-pickle ye-dill.
Ukutholakala kosawoti kuyinkinga yempilo yomphakathi
Ngisho noma usawoti wawuyisilondolozi esihle, ingabe kungaba umqondo omuhle? Kucatshangwa ukuthi okuqukethwe kasawoti ekudleni kwe-Western kubangele impilo engafanele, kuhlanganise nesifo sezinso. Kusuka kwesifo senhliziyo, ukuguqula izifo, ukuguqulwa kwamagciwane, funda ukuthi kungani ungafuna ukulahla umdwebi usawoti ukuze uphile isikhathi eside.
Usawoti Kulesi Sihloko
Kubukeka sengathi kunobuningi bobufakazi bokuthi ukudla okusawoti akuyona ukudla okungakahleleki kokudla. Lokho kusho ukuthi, noma ubani obuza le mibuzo futhi afunde ngokuphepha kokudla ungumthengi ohlakaniphile kakhulu. Uketshezi kokudla kuvamile. Eqinisweni, cishe amaphesenti angama-75 e "isisu somkhuhlane" e-United States empeleni empilweni yokudla.
Nakuba usawoti akuyona ikhambi, kunezinto eziningi ongayenza ukuze ugcine ukudla kwakho kuphephile. Okokuqala, yenza ukuphepha ekhishini okuhle . Ungalokothi usebenzise ibhodi lokusika elifanayo lenyama eluhlaza nemifino noma izithelo. Thenga ukudla kahle ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi. Ngisho noma ukudla akuphelelwa yisikhathi, uma iphunga liyisimanga, likhiphe ngaphandle. Hlala usesikhathini ezindabeni ukuzwa noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kokudla kwesifo sofuba. Gwema ubisi olungasetshenziswanga ukuze unciphise ingozi yezifo ezithwala ubisi .
Ukudla kwamafriji ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla futhi usebenzise imikhuba yokugcina ephephile yokudla. Ukudla okushisayo ngokugcwele uma uphinde ushisa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngisho nokuphumula kungase kuholele ekudleni kokudla. Ezinye amabhaktheriya, njengeStaph, zikhiqiza ubuthi. Ngenkathi amabhaktheriya ebulawa ekuvuseleleni, lezo zithumba zishisa ukushisa futhi ziphikelela. Okokugcina, funda ukubona izibonakaliso nezimpawu zokudla okunobuthi bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho uma ungaguli kahle.
> Imithombo
- > I-Kramer, H. Izifo Zezinso kanye ne-Westernization kanye ne-Industrialization of Food. Umagazini waseMelika wezifo zezinso . 2017 Jan 23. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
- > Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, noJon C. Aster. I-Robbins ne-Cotran Pathologic Basic of Disease. I-Philadelphia: Elsevier-Saunders, 2015. Phrinta.
- > IParish, M. Usawoti neShukela Ukuvimbela I-Microbial Spoilage? Scientific American . 2009.