Ukulimala komzimba we- ligner (izinyembezi ze-ACL) ukulimala okuvamile kanye nokwesaba kwabadlali. Lapho umgijimi ephule i-ACL idolo ngokuvamile lizwa lizinzile futhi lingase linikeze lapho lizama ukusika noma ukugxila emlenzeni. Nakuba lokhu kungavimbele ukuhlanganyela kuzo zonke imidlalo, kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu uma uzama ukudlala imidlalo eminingi efana nebhola lebhola.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abagijimi abaningi, ikakhulukazi abagijimi esikoleni esiphakeme nabaseminyakeni ekolishi, bazokhetha ukuthi babe nokuhlinzwa kabusha kwe-ACL ukwenza umgogodla omusha ozoqinisa umzimba.
Ukuhlinzwa kabusha kwe-ACL akulungisi umgogodla owonakele, kodwa kunalokho kudala i-ligament entsha usebenzisa ezinye izicubu ezisuka emlenzeni (ngokuvamile i- tendel patellar noma i-tendon hamstring tendon ). Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuphumelela, futhi ucabanga ukuthi umgijimi wenza ukulungiswa okufanele emva kokuhlinzwa, abagijimi abaningi bayakwazi ukubuyela emdlalweni wabo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinkinga ezinokwenzeka zokuhlinzeka kwe-ACL , kufaka phakathi ukudiliza kabusha i-ligament entsha.
Kunezizathu eziningi ezahlukahlukene ukuthi i-ACL ingabuyekezwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ezinye zalezi zimpikiswano zihlobene nokuhlinzwa, ezinye zihlobene nokubuyiselwa, kanti ezinye zihlobene nesiguli. Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi, futhi yikuphi umuntu oqothula i-ACL yabo ongayenza ukuze avimbele ukulimala okuphindaphindiwe emadolweni afanayo.
Izinto Zokuhlinza
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuphumeleleni kokuhlinzwa kwe-ACL ukuthi i-graft ihlelwe kanjani ngaphakathi kwehlangothini lamadolo. Akuyona yonke inqubo yokuhlinza eyenziwa ngezinga elifanayo lokucacisa, futhi kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingabangela izinkinga uma i-ACL entsha ingekho kahle.
I-graft kumele ibuyiselwe umsebenzi weligament evamile, ngakho-ke kumele ifakwe ngendlela efanako kumgogodla ovamile. Ukubeka okungalungile kwe-graft kungaholela emakhanini angavamile okuhlangene futhi kwandisa amathuba okulimala kabusha. Ukuthola udokotela ohlinzayo owenza njalo ukuhlinzwa kwe-ACL kungasiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasu amasha avele avela ukuzama ukubuyisela ukukhanya kwe-ACL evamile , nakuba lezi zingabonakali ukuthi zenze umehluko omkhulu ezigulini.
Esinye isici sokuhlinzeka okubonakala kubalulekile ukuthi usayizi wangempela we-graft osetshenziselwa ukwakha i-ACL entsha. I-graft encane iboniswe ukuthi ayinamathela kancane kunezingqikithi ezinkulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekugodleni ama-graft okungenzeka ukuthi alungiswe kalula ngokusayizi. I-hamstring hamstring grafts iboniswe ukuthi inethuba eliphakeme lokuphinda libhubhise. Okokugcina, kuboniswe ngokucacile ukuthi ama-graft donor anezinkinga eziphakeme kakhulu zokuqeda izinkinga kunezicubu zesiguli. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo baye bakhetha ukusebenzisa i-autograft (isiguli somuntu ogulayo) kunokuba i-allograft (i-donor) kubadlali abasha.
Ukubuyiswa Okuvela Ekuhlinzeni
Ukulungiswa okufanele emva kokuhlinzwa kwe-ACL kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphumeleleni kokuhlinzwa okuvuselelayo.
Akufanele nje kuphela ukuthi i-graft entsha ibe yingxenye yamadolo akho, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-graft incorporation, kodwa udinga ukubuyisela amandla evamile emisipha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idolo livikelwe kahle.
Izikhathi zokufaka ama-graft zingahluka, kodwa odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo batusa ukuvikela amadolo okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokuhlinzwa usebenzisa i-autograft (izicubu zakho) noma izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okuvela ku-allograft (izicubu zomnikelo). Uma i-ACL entsha ihlelwe emadolweni ehlangene ngokuvamile iqhutshwa endaweni ne-implant. Lezi zimila zivela ngobuningi nobukhulu (izinkinobho, izikrini, okuthunyelwe), kanti ezinye zenziwe zensimbi ngenkathi ezinye zichitheka.
Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zimila zivele ziphethe ukubhaliswa ngenkathi umzimba wakho uhlanganisa izicubu ukuze ube i-ACL yakho entsha. Le nqubo ithatha isikhathi, futhi ukwenza umsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu, ngokushesha kakhulu ekubuyiseleni kwakho, kungaholela ekulimaleni noma ukudiliza kabusha kabusha.
Esinye isici esibalulekile emva kokuhlinzwa sibuye sisebenze ngokujwayelekile kwemisipha yomsebenzi wonke. Siyazi ukuthi izinyembezi eziningi ze-ACL ziwumphumela wokulawulwa kabi kwe- neuromuscular of the end ; Lawa amagama asetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukuzinza kokuhamba komzimba. Abanye abagijimi banokulawula okuhle kwe-neuromuscular - umzimba wabo uhlale unesimo esiphezulu, esimisiwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahamba kanjani. Abanye abagijimi banokulawulwa okuncane kwe-neuromuscular, futhi umzimba wabo uthola izikhundla ezandisa amathuba okulimala, njengokudwengula i-ACL. Ingxenye yokuphulukiswa ekuhlinzekeni ukulungisa noma yiziphi izinkinga zobuthakathaka be-neuromuscular okungenzeka zenze ukulimala kokuqala kwe-ACL, futhi kungavimbela ithuba lokulimala esikhathini esizayo.
Izinto ezibekezelayo
Kunezici ezithile ze-ACL yokuhlinzwa kanye nengozi yokuphinda uchithe ukuthi awukwazi ukwenza okuningi. Isibonelo, abagijimi besifazane banethuba eliphakeme lokuqeda kabusha i-ACL yabo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okuvuselelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abagijimi abasebasha basengozini enkulu yokulimala kabusha. Abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-25 baye baboniswa ukuthi banethuba eliphakeme kakhulu lokuqeda kabusha i-ACL yabo kunezinye abadlali. Njengoba kukhonjisiwe, akuningi ongakwenza mayelana nobudala nobulili, kodwa udokotela wakho nodokotela kufanele aqaphele lezi zimo lapho owesifazane osemusha angase abe khona engozini enkulu yokulimala kabusha ku-ACL yabo, futhi ahlele kabusha ngokufanele. Mhlawumbe ukuqhubekela phambili kwabo kufanele kube nokuqapha kancane, noma kufanele bagxile kancane ekulawuleni kwe-neuromuscular in rehab yabo, kodwa umqondo ukuthatha ulwazi mayelana nezimo engozini futhi ulungise izinguquko ongakwazi ukulawula ukuze unciphise amathuba okubuyiselwa kabusha, ukulimala ku-ACL.
Yazi Ingozi Yakho, Lungiselela I-Rehab Yakho
Okubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi zikhona yini izici zokutakula kwakho okukubeka endaweni yokwandisa amathuba okulimala kabusha ku-ACL yakho entsha. Uma usengozini enkulu yokulimala kabusha kwe-ACL yakho, lungisa ukubuyisela kwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke ongakwenza ukugxila enye inyembezi ye-ACL. Kunezinye izici ezingase zithinte ingozi yokulimala kabusha ku-ACL edinga uphenyo olwengeziwe kufaka phakathi umdlalo nesikhundla esidlaliwe , ukuhlukumeza komdlali, nomthamo wokuxhumana owenzekayo. Lokhu kunzima ukulinganisa ngakho-ke kunzima ukutadisha, kepha kungabalulekile ekuqondeni ingozi yokulimala.
> Imithombo:
> "Izingozi ze-ACL Re-izinyembezi ku-Athletes" AAOSNow. September 2016.
> Getelman MH, uFriedman MJ. "Hlela ubuchopho obuningi bokuthi uhlinzekwe ukuhlinzwa kabusha" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1999 May-Jun; 7 (3): 189-98.
> Werner BC, Gilmore CJ, Hamann JC, Gaskin CM, Carroll JJ, Hart JM, Miller MD. "Ukubuyekeza kabusha i-Ligament I-Ligament I-Ligament I-Reconstruction: Imiphumela Yendlela Eyodwa Yokusebenzisa I-Allograft Dowel I-Bone Grafting Yezinkinga Zomuntu" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. Ngo-2016 Aug; 24 (8): 581-7.