I-Shellfish yokungezwani komzimba yindlela yokudla yokungezwani okuvamile kakhulu kubantu abadala e-United States. Cishe amaphesenti amabili abantu baseMelika banezinhlanzi zokuphefumula, futhi amaphesenti angu-0.1 ezingane ane-allerfish. Ngokungafani nokudla okuningi kokudla, ukubhebhetheka kwesifo se-shellfish cishe kunomuntu ongumuntu omdala kunokuba esemncane. Eqinisweni, abantu abangaba ngu-60% abanamafutha e-shellfish abhekana nesifo sofuba bahlangabezana nokuphendula kwabo kokuqala ngesikhathi besemdala.
Izifo ze-Shellfish zivame ukuba nzima kakhulu, ukudla kokudla konke okuqhubekayo.
I-Shellfish, echazwe
I-Shellfish ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili: ama-mollusks nama-crustaceans. Ama-mollusks afaka ama-clams, ama-oyster, ama-mussels, nama-scallops. Ama-Crustaceans afaka ama-shrimp, lobster kanye ne-crayfish. I-Shellfish ingaphila emanzini amasha noma usawoti - noma ngisho nasemhlabathini.
I-shrimp, i-crab, ne-lobster ibangele izifo eziningi ze-shellfish.
Izimpawu zokungenwa kwe-Shellfish
Izimpawu zokwelapha ze -shellfish yokungezwani komzimba zivame ukuvela ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engamahora amabili kuya kokudla ama-shellfish. Izimpawu zingafaka:
- Ukuthinta isikhumba njengemifantu noma i- eczema .
- I-allergenictivitis ye-allergen iboniswa ngamehlo, obomvu, amanzi.
- Ukusabela kwamathumbu kubandakanya izinambuzane, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, noma uhudo , noma inhlanganisela yalezi zimpawu.
- Izimpawu ze-Airway zihlanganisa ukushisa, ukukhwehlela noma impumu egijima kanye / noma ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zimpawu.
- I-angioedema kufaka ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi, noma ubuso.
Izifo ze-Shellfish zingabangela ukusabela okunzima okuthiwa i- anaphylaxis . I-Anaphylaxis yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi abane-shellfish yokungezwani komzimba bathatha umthombo we-epinephrine, njenge-Epi-Pen, uma kwenzeka isifo esibi kakhulu.
I-Shellfish yokungezwani komzimba iyimbangela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yokusebenzisa i-anaphylaxis yokuzivocavoca, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-allergen yokudla njenge-shellfish, kanye nokuzivocavoca, kungabangela ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic.
I-Cross-Reactivity
Abantu abaphikisana nohlobo olulodwa lwe-crustacean, njengezinhlanzi, ngokuvamile bahlushwa kuwo wonke amanye ama-crustaceans. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola ukwelashwa kuma-crustaceans, kungenzeka ukuthi awunayo i-allergen kuya ku-mollusks. Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu yokunquma ukuthi yiziphi i-shellfish, uma ikhona, uzokwazi ukudla. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokudla noma yikuphi uhlobo olusha lwe-shellfish.
Iprotheni ye-allergenic ku-shellfish ibizwa ngokuthi i- tropomyosin . I-Tropomyosin itholakala nasemanzini omhlaba, izidakamizwa, izimpungushe nezinye izinambuzane. Abantu abanezifo ze-shellfish bangase babe nezibonakaliso kulezi zinto nezinambuzane.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Shellfish yokungezwani komzimba ivame ukutholakala nodokotela wezokwelapha (i-allergenist) ngemuva komlando wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvivinya umzimba.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwe-shellfish ukungezwani komzimba kungukuqedwa kwama-shellfish nokudla okwenziwa nge-shellfish kusukela ekudleni.
Uma uthola ukuthi une-shellfish enkulu yokungezwani komzimba, udokotela wakho uzomisa i-epinephrine auto-injector (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Epi-Pen) okuzodinga ukuhamba nayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Indlela Yokugwema I-Shellfish
Njengenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu zokudla e-United States, i-crustacean shellfish ihlanganiswa ngaphansi kwe-Food Allergy Labeling noMthetho Wokuvikelwa Komthengi (FALCPA).
Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi kumele babhale ukuthi kukhona ama-shellfish e-crustacean ngolimi olucacile ngamalebula okudla, noma ohlwini lwezithako noma ngokulandela igama elithi "liqukethe" ngemuva kohlu lwesithako. Qinisekisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukufunda uhlu lwezithako.
I-FALCPA ayifaki ukubhala kwe-shellfish ye-mollusk. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi abadingeki ukuba babhale ukuthi kukhona ama-clams, ama-oysters, ama-mussels, ama-scallops noma amanye ama-mollusk ohlwini lwazo lwesithako. Labo abanezinhlanzi ze-mollusk ze-shellfish kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngemikhiqizo yokudla bese bephutha eceleni.
Ukugwema i-shellfish kungase kubonakale kulula, kepha izifo zokudla zikwazi ukuhlala ezindaweni ezimangalisayo.
Kuzodingeka ufunde ukufunda amalebula ukugwema i-shellfish, futhi ufunde ukubuza imibuzo uma udla ekudleni.
Ukudla Okumele Kugweme Nge-Shellfish Yokuzivocavoca
Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-crustacean shellfish zihlanganisa:
- Udoti
- I-Crawfish (i-Crayfish noma i-Crawdads)
- I-Langoustines (lobster)
- Isikhuphashe
- Ukudumisa
- U-sea urchin
- Izinhlanzi
Abantu abaphikisana ne-mollusks kufanele bagweme wonke ama-mollusks:
- Abalone
- I-Clam (i-Quahog)
- Cockle
- Umkhawulo
- Izimbaza
- Ingwane
- Ama-oyster
- Scallops
- Izinkukhu (Escargot - zombili izinhlanzi nolwandle kufanele zigweme)
- I-squid (i-Calamari)
- I-Surimi (igobolondo lokulingisa)
- I-Whelk
I-Shellfish Yokuzivocavoca Ne-Iodine
Kukhona ukukhathazeka okungenakuqhathaniswa kwe-cross-reactivity phakathi kwe-shellfish yokungezwani komzimba kanye ne-iodine noma i-radiocontrast yokungezwani komzimba; Ezinye izinhlobo zezokwelapha ezindala zisalula lokhu ngokungalungile njenge-contraindication. Uma uthola ukwelashwa kwi-shellfish, akudingeki ugweme iodini noma i-radiocontrast impahla. Kungenzeka ukuba i-allergenic i-iodine noma i-radiocontrast impahla, kodwa leyo mizimba ayihambisani nemithi ye-shellfish.
I-Shellfish Poisoning
Izimpawu ze-shellfish poisoning (ebizwa nangokuthi i-shellfish i-shellfish yobuthi kanye nomoya obomvu) ngokuvamile ivela ezinyangeni ezingu-30 zokudla i-shellfish egcotshwe, futhi ingahle ididaniswe nesenzo esinqunyiwe. I-Shellfish poisoning ibangelwa ubuthi obukhulu kakhulu obubizwa ngokuthi i- saxitoxin ekhishwa yizinto eziphilayo ezinjenge-algae eziphila ezinhlakeni ezinama-bivalve, njenge-clams kanye nama-oysters. Lolu hlobo lwe-toxin luthinta kuphela ama-mollusk, hhayi inhlanzi noma i-lobster. Izimpawu ze-shellfish poisoning zingase zihlanganise ukushaywa noma ukuvutha emlonyeni noma emikhawulweni, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nokuhuda. I-Shellfish poisoning ingaba yingozi kakhulu futhi ibulawe. Uma ubona noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokudla ama-shellfish, funa ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
> Imithombo
> Joneja JV. Umhlahlandlela Wezokwelapha Wezokwelapha Ukudla Kokugula Nokungabeki.
> Isibhedlela S. Ukudla Kokudla: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokudla Uma Ukuphila Kwakho Kuxhomeke Kuwo
> Ukudla Okungezwani Ngomzimba Ukucwaninga Nemfundo: https://www.foodallergy.org/allergens/shellfish-allergy