Kusukela ekuphumuleni kokuphumula, i-cramp enkulu yomlenze ishiya wena uthatha ithole lakho bese umemeza, "Ouch!" Yini ebangela izinhlanzi zomlenze ebusuku? Ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi ihhashi likaCharley, funda ngalezi ziphazamiso ezibuhlungu zomzimba kanye nezimo ezihlobene kakhulu nezimbangela eziyinhloko.
Iyini i-cramp leg?
Imfucumfucu yomlenze ichazwa njengokuzwa okubuhlungu kakhulu emlenzeni noma enyaweni ehambisana nokukhwabanisa okungazelelwe, okungazibandakanyi.
Lokhu kuncibilika kwenza imisipha ethintekile izwe kanzima noma iqine. Uma kwenzeka ezinyaweni, kungabangela izinzwane ukuba ziphoqe noma zandise ngokungazibandakanyi.
Lokhu kuphazamiseka kungase kuqale ngokungazelelwe, ngaphandle kokususa okucacile noma kulandelwe ukuzwa okubuhlungu okuyisixwayiso, futhi kungase kukhishwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Amagundane amaningi omlenze ahlala emasekhondini amaningana kuze kube yilapho ukuqina kuqina. Ekubi kakhulu, yize kungavamile ukuthi, iminyango yomlenze ingahlala imizuzu embalwa.
Amagundane omlenze angathinta ithole noma imisipha encane enyaweni. Ngaphansi kwalokho lezi zincintathu zingase zithinte ngisho nemisipha yezintambo ngemuva kwethanga.
Ama-Cramps angenzeka ngesikhathi sokuvuka noma ngesikhathi sokulala nokuvusa ukuvuswa. Ububele bungaphikelela emahoreni amaningana, okufaka ekwenzeni ubuthongo lapho kwenzeka ebusuku.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-muscle ngesikhathi kubonisa ukukhwabanisa umlenze ukudubula ngokuzenzakalelayo kwamangqamuzana ompondo angaphambilini , ahlanganisa umsebenzi we-muscle, elandelwa ukuxoshwa phakathi kwamaqembu ezinsimba zamasipha ngesilinganiso kuze kube izikhathi ezingu-300 ngomzuzwana (kakhulu kakhulu kunokukhunjulwa kwemizimba ngokuzithandela).
Ubuhlungu obangelwayo bungabuka ekuphazanyeni kwe-metabolite wendawo noma kusuka ku-ischemia yendawo. Amagundane omlenze alele ebuthongweni awubonakali ukulandelwa noma yiziphi izinguquko ezithile zokulala ezibonakalayo.
Ukuvama
Amagundane omlenze avamile kakhulu: cishe wonke umuntu omdala oneminyaka engu-50 nangaphezulu uye wabhekana okungenani kanye. Empeleni, ukukhula kwanda ngokuguga.
Izingane ezingu-7 kuphela kuphela noma izingane ezineminyaka engu-7 kuphela eziye zinezinyawo zomlenze, futhi cishe azikho izingane ezincane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kwenzeka okungenani ngezikhathi eziyisikhombisa kwabangu-1 kwabangu-3 abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala (abanama-6% abanawo ebusuku) nabangu-1 kwabangu-2 abadala abakhulile eminyakeni engama-80.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabo babonakala bengengozini enkulu yokuthola amagundane omlenze. Abesifazane abangamaphesenti angama-40 abesifazane abakhulelwe banemigqa yesisu kanye nokudiliva ngokuvamile baxazulula ukuphindaphinda kwalesi simo.
Izimbangela
Amagundane omlenze angase abe ngaphansi kwesisodwa ngonyaka, kodwa lapho ejwayelekile, kungenzeka ngeziqephu eziningi ebusuku. Lokhu kungakusiza ngokushesha ukufuna imbangela.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izigxobo zomlenze ezivela kwezinye izimo ezifanayo. I-syndrome yesiguli engenalutho ingase iholele emilenzeni ngesifiso sokuhamba lapho ilala ebusuku ukuze iphumule. Lezi zimpawu zikhululeka ngokunyakaza futhi - okubalulekile - azihlotshaniswa nokuqedwa kwamasipha noma ukuqinisa. Ukunyakaza kokulala kwesinye isikhathi (i-PLMS) ukuphindaphindiwe kwezimo eziguquguqukayo, ngokuvamile ku-ankle noma emadolweni, okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala futhi engahlotshaniswa nobuhlungu. I-Dystonias ibonakala ngokuchotshozwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwamaqembu ezinsizwa eziphikisanayo, njenge-biceps kanye ne-triceps engalweni, esebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi izigxobo zomlenze zenzeke ngezizathu eziningi ezihlukene: imbangela ebangelwayo ayisaziwa. Abantu abaningi abavamile banamagundane omlenze. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zezici ezifakiwe zibonakala zihlanganisa:
- Isifo sikashukela
- I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (i-ALS noma isifo sikaLou Gehrig)
- I-cramp fasciculation syndrome
- Izifo ze-peripheral vascular
- I-potassium ephansi (hypokalemia)
- I-calcium ephansi (hypocalcemia)
- I-magnesium encane (i-hypomagnesemia)
- Ngaphambi kokuvivinya umzimba
- Ukuma isikhathi eside emsebenzini
- Ukwehla kwamanzi
- Okunye ukuphazanyiswa kwamanzi / i-electrolyte
- Ukunyakaza okukhawulelwe noma ukuhamba
- Izinkinga ze-endocrine
- Izifo ze-neuromuscular
- I-cirrhosis yesibindi
- I-Hemodialysis
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemithi ethile engangena engozini yokuthuthukisa amagundane ebusuku. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhulelwa komlomo, i-introvenous iron sucrose, i-teriparatide, i-raloxifene, i-diuretics, i-agonists ye-beta esetshenziswa isikhathi eside, nama-statins. Uma ukhathazekile ngomnikelo wemithi kadokotela, khuluma nommithi wakho noma ubeka udokotela.
Amagundane omlenze angaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi uma eqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo, cabangela ukuhlolwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi umlando oqaphile kanye nokuhlola okuncane kwegazi kungasiza ekutholeni iminikelo engakusiza futhi kukusize ukuba ulale kangcono ebusuku ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okubuhlungu.
> Imithombo
> Allen RE, Kirby KA. "Amagundane emilenze yelanga." Am Fam Physician . 2012; 86: 350-5.
> I-American Academy Yokulala Imithi. "Ukuhlukaniswa kwamazwe ngamazwe ngezifo zokulala," 3 imizuzu edlule. UDarien, IL: I-American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2014, iphe. 299-303.
> Butler J, et al . "Izikhwama zomlenze wesikhombisa ebusuku kubantu abadala." I- postgrad Med J. 2002; 78: 596-8.
> Garrison SR, et al . "I-cramps yomlenze webusuku kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi okuphambili okuphambi kwabo: ukuhlaziywa kokulinganisa kokulinganisa." I- Arch Intern Med . 2012; 172: 120-6.
> Hawke F, et al . "Impikiswano yenkomo yomshuwalense ephazamisa ikhwalithi yokulala kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ehlobene nempilo." Qual Life Res . 2013; 22: 1281-6.