Izimbangela ze-IBD zingabandakanya i-Genetics ne-Environment
Ososayensi abaqiniseki ukuthi yini ebangela izifo zesifo sofuba (IBD) , esiqukethe i-ulcerative colitis, isifo sikaCrohn, nesifo socansi esingapheli. Kuthathwa njengesifo "idiopathic", noma isifo esinesizathu esingaziwa. Kodwa-ke, kunemibono eminingana ngemvelaphi ye-IBD, kanye nemibandela engabangela ekuthuthukiseni kwayo.
Asisazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela imbangela ye-IBD, noma kunjalo, sinezici ezithile, kanye nemibono eminingi. Ngokuvamile kucatshangwa ukuthi kunesici sezakhi zofuzo ku-IBD, futhi ukuthi into ethile (noma okungaphezu kweyodwa into) emvelweni wethu ithinta amagciwane ahlobene ne-IBD. Lokhu kungase "kubangele" i-IBD, futhi kube yisiqalo sezimpawu. Ngesikhathi abacwaningi befunde okuningi mayelana nezakhi zofuzo ezingase zihlotshaniswe ne-IBD, yingxenye eyisiqalo esinzima ukuyibeka phansi. Manje sekucatshangwa ukuthi kungaba khona amakhulu ezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-IBD, nakuba sisabelana ngezigaba ezintathu ukuze sibaphathe ngemithi. Kukhona, empeleni, kungaba amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zezimbangela. Olunye ucwaningo luye lwaveza ngamathuba ambalwa ngenxa yokuthi abanye abantu abanezigaxa ze-IBD bahlakulela i-IBD nabanye abantu abakwenzi.
I-Genetics ne-IBD
Eminyakeni edlule, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi i-IBD ingase igijime emindenini, kodwa isixhumanisi sibonakala sinesizotha ngoba kwakungesiyo ngqo umzali nomntwana, njengoba kunjalo nangezimo ezithile ezizuzwe njengefa.
Ngokutholakala kwamagciwane ama-gene angama-100 angase ahlotshwe ne-IBD, sekuye kwacaca ukuthi kukhona ingxenye yefa ye-IBD. Izihlobo zokuqala zabantu ababenayo i-IBD banamathuba amaningi okuba nesifo. Kodwa-ke, iningi labantu abane-IBD abanalo umlando womndeni , ngakho akubona wonke umuntu onelungu lomndeni onesifo.
Ngakho ngenkathi i-IBD isebenza ngokucacile emindenini, akuyona kuphela into okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ibheka izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-IBD. Kufanele kube khona okunye okwenza abanye abantu abanezifo ezifanayo zakha i-IBD, kuyilapho abanye bengenzi.
Impendulo ye-IBD yokuvuvukala
I-IBD ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi- autoimmune isifo , isifo esibangelwa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, kodwa kunembile kakhulu ukusho ukuthi impendulo evikela imithi. Ukuphazamiseka kwonyaka - phakathi kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla-ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka kubantu abane-IBD. Enye inkolelo ukuthi lokhu kuyimpendulo ye- IgE-mediated response .
Impendulo ye-allergenic ibeka uchungechunge lwezigameko ezibangelwa ukudlula kwe- eosinophils (amangqamuzana azama ukulwa nomphumela wokugula) emzimbeni. Lezi zinhlobo ze-eosinophils zikhulula izinhlanganisela ezine ezine-toxic, ezintathu zazo ezitholakala ngezibalo eziphawulekayo esiteshini seziguli ze-IBD. Lokhu kubangela abanye abacwaningi ukuthi baphendule ngokuthi impendulo ye-allergenic ingaba nendima ekuthuthukiseni IBD.
Ama-Cytokines
Enye indawo eqinile yokucwaninga indima ama-cytokines awenza ekuthuthukiseni i-IBD. Amaseli abizwa ngokuthi i-tumor necrosis factor (TNF, noma ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-tumor necrosis factor-alpha) banomthwalo wokulawula ukuphendula komzimba, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi.
I-TNF itholakala ngobuningi esitokisini sabantu abane-IBD kunabantu abangenayo i-IBD (nge-test fecal calprotectin). Kusukela ngokuvunywa kwe-Remicade ngo-1998, izidakamizwa eziningi ezilwa ne-TNF (ngokuvamile ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-biologics) zenzelwe ukuphatha i-IBD. Ukuphumelela kwala mithi kubangela isisindo sokuthi i-TNF idlala indima ebangela imbangela ye-IBD noma ukuvuvukala okuhambisana ne-IBD flare-ups.
Izingosi zemvelo ku-IBD
Kunezinye izitayela ezicacile ku- epidemiology ye-IBD engase ibhekisele kumbangela owodwa noma ngaphezulu kwemvelo. I-IBD ijwayele ukuvela kaningi emazweni athuthukile naphakathi nalabo abanesimo sezinga eliphezulu sezenhlalakahle.
I-IBD ijwayele ukuvela kaningi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni emazwe athuthukile. Lezi zici ziye zaholela abacwaningi ukuba bacabange ukuthi kungase kube khona ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-IBD nendlela yokuphila noma imvelo yabantu abahlala emazweni athuthukile, nakuba kungekho muntu owaziyo ukuthi lokhu kungaba yini.
Esinye seziphakamiso eziphakanyisiwe ukuthi amazwe asezimboni "ahlanzekile kakhulu , " futhi ngenxa yokuthi izingane nezinsana zitholakala kuma-bacteria ambalwa, amasosha omzimba awo angenalo ngokwanele, okuholela ekufweni kwesifo somzimba.
Inothi Kusuka
Asazi ukuthi yini ebangela imbangela ye-IBD, kodwa siyazi ukuthi akubangelwa ukudla noma ukucindezeleka. Kusobala ukuthi i-genetic component egijima emindenini, kodwa leyo yingxenye yesibili, into esisizungezile "eyenza" izakhi zofuzo ezibonakala zinzima ukuthola. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi siyazi okuningi manje mayelana ne-IBD kunokuba senze ngisho namashumi ayishumi edlule. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyenziwa, futhi ososayensi basondela futhi basondelene nokuqonda ukuthi singaphatha kanjani lezi zifo ngokuphumelelayo futhi sibavimbele ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Imithombo:
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Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. "Mayelana ne-Epidemiology ye-IBD." CCFA.org 2009.
I-National Institute of Diabetes kanye ne-Digestive and Kidney Diseases. "Ulcerative Colitis." Izikhungo Zempilo Zomphakathi NgoFebhuwari 2006.
Peterson CG, Sangfelt P, Wagner M, Hansson T, Lettesjö H, Carlson M. "Amazinga amaFecal ama-leukocyte abonisa umsebenzi wezifo ezigulini ezine-ulcerative colitis." I-Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2007; 67: 810-820.
Saitoh O, Kojima K, Sugi K, Matsuse R, et al. "Amaprotheni aphethwe yi-fecal eosinophil-granule aveza umsebenzi wesifo ekufweni kwesifo sofuba." Am J Gastroenterol 1999 Dec; 94: 3513-3520.
I-Stensen WF, i-Snapper SB. " Izinselelo ku-IBD Research: Ukuhlola Ukuthuthukiswa Nokubuyekeza kabusha i-Agenda Yokucwaninga ." Ngomhla ka-2008; 14: 687-708.