Izikhathi eziningi ukuphuma kwamathambo emzimbeni akuyona into ejulile njengokwesikhumba se-hemorrhoids. Kodwa-ke, okunye okuphuma, ikakhulukazi okwenzeka engxenyeni ye-GI engenhla, kungaba enkulu futhi kubulalayo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe udokotela nganoma yikuphi ukugaya kwe-GI, futhi uma othile enesifo segazi elimangalisayo, kufanele afune ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha.
Ukukhipha isisu emgodleni wokugaya akuyona isifo, kodwa kunesifo sesifo. Isizathu sokugaya singase sihlobene nesimo esingalashwa, noma kungenzeka sibe uphawu lwesimo esibi kakhulu.
Ipheshana lokugaya, elibizwa nangokuthi umzila wamathumbu noma i-GI ipheshana, iqukethe izingxenye eziningana. Lezi zihlanganisa isifo, isisu, intombazane encane, intathuthelo enkulu (ebizwa nangokuthi i-colon), i-rectum, ne-anus. Isizathu sokuphuma kwegazi sincike kunoma iyiphi indawo yegciwane lokugaya egazini ivela.
Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zokuphapha kwamathumbu ngamathambo yizi:
- Ukuvuvukala ( isophagitis ): I-asidi yesisu ebuyela emuva ku-esophagus ingabangela ukuvuvukala, futhi lokhu ukuvuvukala kungaholela ekusenikeni.
- Ama-Varice : Lezi zivunguvungu ezingavamile ezingezansi ekupheleni kwesigcawu.
- Izinyembezi : Izinyembezi emgqeni wesifo esivame ukubangelwa ukuhlanza okwesikhashana, kodwa futhi kungabangelwa ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside noma ukugxila. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi i-Mallory-Weiss syndrome, okuyinto isifo sokuphela kwesiguli esivela ekuhloliseni okujulile nokuhlanza futhi kubonakala ngokuchotshozwa okuhlobene nokuphuma kwegazi.
- Izilonda
- I-Cancer
- Izilonda : I-Ulcers ingase ikhulise futhi iphume ngegazi, ikhiphe igazi.
- I-Gastritis
- I-Cancer
- I-Duodenal ulcer
- Isifo sesifuba sokuvuvukala : Ukuvuvukala kungenzeka, okungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi.
- I-Cancer
Emathunjini Omkhulu Ne- Rectum:
- Ama-hemorrhoids : Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu yegazi ebonakalayo emgqeni we-digestive ophansi, futhi ngokuvamile ubomvu obomvu. Ziyi-veins ekhulisiwe endaweni yangasese engakwazi ukuphuka nokuphuma.
- I-colitis yokulonda : Ukuvuvukala nezilonda ezincane kungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Isifo sikaCrohn : Lesi simo esingapheli esingabangela ukuvuvukala okungase kubangele ukuphuma kwegazi .
- Umdlavuza we-Colorectal: Lesi yisimo esibangelwa ukuphuma ngaphandle kwodonga lwamakoloni.
Izimpawu zokuphuma kwamathambo emathunjini
Yiziphi izimpawu ongase unayo zokuphuma kwegazi kuxhomeke kunoma iyiphi indawo yokugaya ukudla okwenzekayo ekuphumeni kwegazi, nokuthi ngabe kuyinto enzima (emfushane futhi enzima) noma engapheliyo (isikhathi eside) ukuphuma.
Izimpawu Zokuhlwithwa Okuphezulu kwe-GI:
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu, ama-clots amnyama, noma i-coffee-like material in vomit
- Isimnyama, isikhala se-tar-like
Izimpawu Zokwelapha Okuphansi Kwe-GI:
- Kudlula igazi elibomvu elibomvu kuphela, noma ukudlulisa igazi elixubene esitokisini (ukuguqula isitophi kumnyama noma kumathala)
- I-red ebomvu noma i-maroon enemibala egumbini
Izimpawu zokuphuma kwamanzi
- Ukungabi namandla
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Isizungu
- Ukushayela okusheshayo
- Ukugeleza komchamo kuncishisiwe
- Ubuhlungu besisu esiswini
- Amakhaza, izandla kanye nezinyawo
- Ukuphelelwa amandla
- Uhudo
- Ukudideka
- Ukukhathazeka
- Ukulala
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu libopha isitokisi
- Igazi elimnyama lixubene nesitulo
- Isihlalo somnyama noma se-tarry
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu ekuhlanzeni
- Ukubukeka kwe-Coffee-grounds yokuhlanza
Izimpawu zokuphuma kwegazi okungapheli
- Ukungabi namandla
- Ukukhathala
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Pallor
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Isizungu
- I-Lethargy
- Ukuphelelwa amandla
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu libopha isitokisi
- Igazi elimnyama lixubene nesitulo
- Isihlalo somnyama noma se-tarry
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu ekuhlanzeni
- Ukubukeka kwe-Coffee-grounds yokuhlanza
Ukuthola ukuphuma kwamathambo emathunjini
Udokotela uzovame ukuqala inqubo yokuxilonga ngokurekhoda umlando wezokwelapha, futhi ahlole ukuhlolwa okuphelele. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzokubuza mayelana nemikhuba yakho yezinyosi (ehamba ngokuphindaphindiwe kaningi kunejwayelekile), umbala wesigqoko (omnyama noma obomvu) nokuvumelana (okukhululekile noma okuqinile). Uyophinde abuze ukuthi uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ubuhlungu noma ububele, nokuthi kuphi. Udokotela uzobe eselandela izivivinyo zokuxilonga uma ukuhlola kwakhe kungabonakali imbangela yokuphuma (njengama-hemorrhoids), noma ukucacisa ukuthi kunezizathu ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokuphuma kwegazi.
Izivivinyo zokuxilonga zifaka:
- Endoscopy ephezulu
- I-EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
- I-Colonoscopy
- I-Sigmoidoscopy
- I-Anoscopy
- I-Barium x-rays
- Biopsies
Ukwelapha ukuphuma kwamathambo emathunjini
Ukwelashwa kokuphuma kwegazi emkhakheni wokugaya ukudla kuncike ekubambeni kokuphuma kwegazi, nokuthi ngabe ukuphuma kwegazi kuyingozi noma kungapheli. Isibonelo, uma i- aspirin inomthwalo wokwelapha, isiguli siyama ukuthatha aspirin futhi ukwelapha kuphethwe. Uma umdlavuza kuyimbangela yokuphuma kwegazi, inkambo evamile yokwelapha ukukhipha isisu. Uma isilonda se-peptic imbangela yokuphuma, udokotela angase anikeze imithi yokwelapha uHlpylori , batusa ushintsho ekudleni, mhlawumbe ushintsho endleleni yokuphila.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwelapheni kwe-GI ukukhipha igazi ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi. Lokhu kuvame ukuwenziwa ngokujova amakhemikhali ngqo endaweni yokuphuma kwamanzi, noma ngokususa indawo yokuphuma kwegazi nge-probe ye-heater edlule i- endoscope .
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuphatha isimo esibangela ukuphuma. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda, i-esophagitis, H. pylori , nezinye izifo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i- proton pump inhibitors (i-PPIs), i- H2 blockers , nama-antibiotic. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke futhi, ikakhulukazi uma imbangela yokugaya kuyi-tumor noma i-polyps, noma uma ukwelashwa nge-endoscope kuphumelelanga.
Imithombo:
"Ukukhipha igazi ku-Tract Digestive Tract." Ukushicilelwa kwe-NIH No. 07-1133 November 2004. I-National Digestive Clearinghouse Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). 18 Okthoba 2007.