Ukulahlekelwa, Ukuzwa Okuhlelekile Nokuzizwa Kwezindlebe
Kunezimo eziningi ezingabangela ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa. Kunezigaba ezintathu zokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ezingabangela izinkinga zakho ngokuzwa zihlanganisa:
- Ukulahleka kokuzwa okuqhutshwayo kwenzeka lapho amaza omsindo engakwazi ukufika endlebeni yangaphakathi ngenxa yokuvinjelwa komunye uhlobo, njengokwakhiwa kwamanzi noma i-earwax. Lolu hlobo lokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe lungavame ukwelashwa.
- Ukulahleka kokuzwa kwezwayo kwenzeka uma kunomonakalo kwisakhiwo sensimbi yangaphakathi noma izinzwa ezithumela ulwazi kusukela ezindlebeni kuya ebuchosheni. Ngeshwa, ukulahleka kokuzwa kwezinzwa kuyisikhathi esingapheli.
- Ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ezixubile kwenzeka uma unezici eziyinkimbinkimbi zombili kokulahleka kokuzwa kokuzwa nokuzwa izinzwa.
Ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ezihlobene nobudala kanye nokulahleka kokuzwa komsindo kuvamile e-United States. Nansi ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nalezi zimo, kanye nezinye izimbangela zokulahlekelwa kokuzwa.
Ukulahlekelwa Ukulalela Ukuziphatha
- I-flu in indlebe ingenzeka noma ngaphandle kokutheleleka indlebe esebenzayo. Kuvamile ezinganeni futhi kungaba nzima ukuyihlolisisa ngoba kungase kungabangeli izimpawu. Umuntu onomkhuhlane endlebeni angase azizwe sengathi izindlebe zakhe zixhunyiwe. Ukuzwa ngeketshezi ezindlebeni zakho kufana nokuzama ukuzwa ngekhanda lakho ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lolu hlobo lokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe lubuyiselwa futhi luvame ukuphathwa ngokufaka ama- tubes ear ear synthetic, evula i-tube auditory futhi avumele ukuthi uketshezi kukhishwe.
- Izifo zendlebe, ikakhulukazi uma zihambisana ne-fluid endlebeni, zingabangela ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa. Lokhu kuvamise okwesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka okuvamile kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni izicubu ezibomvu, okwenza ngezinye izikhathi kubangele ukulahlekelwa okungahle kwenzeke noma kungabi khona.
- I-Barotrauma ibangelwa uma kunezinguquko ezisheshayo ekucindezelekeni okukhulu (ingcindezi emvelweni), njengalapho usuka endizeni noma uya e-scuba diving. Uma ukhuphuka noma wehla ngokushesha kakhulu, umoya ophakathi kwendlebe yakho ephakathi ngeke ukwazi ukuvumelanisa nokucindezela okukhulu futhi i-eardrum yakho ingahle ihlukane.
- Ukuvalwa kwe-ear wax kunganciphisa izinga lakho lokuzwa ngokuvula umsele wezindlebe. Ukususa i-earwax kuzobuyisela ukuzwa kwakho kuvamile. I-Earwax kufanele isuswe udokotela futhi ungalokothi ube ne-cotton swab - awufuni ukuqhuma i-wax phambili endlebeni futhi empeleni yenza ukuvinjelwa kubi nakakhulu.
Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kweSensorineural
- Ukulahleka kokuzwa komsindo kuhlobene nokulimala endlebeni yangaphakathi ngenxa yomonakalo ozwakalayo. Lokhu kungaba inqubo encane eyenziwe ukuvezwa isikhathi eside nomsindo omkhulu (ngokuvamile ama-decibel angu-80 noma ngaphezulu), noma kungenzeka ngokuzumayo lapho umsindo womsindo omkhulu, njengokuthi isibhamu, uchithe i-eardrum yakho . Uma ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe kulethwa kancane kancane, ngokuvamile ngeke kuguqulwe. Kodwa-ke, ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa okungazelelwe ku-eardrum ephukile kuyoba njalo kuhamba uma i-eardrum iphilile.
- Ukuguga (presbycusis) kwenzeka uma ukhula futhi kuyinto evamile. Isamba olahlekelwayo - nokuthi uqala kangakanani empilweni olahlekelwa yiyo - kubonakala sengathi uyifa. Ungamangala ukuthi iningi lethu, ukuzwa kwethu kuqala ukwehla ngemva kweminyaka engama-20. Kuyinto engavamile ukuzwa isisindo sokulahla, nakuba ukwehla kokuzwa kwakho kungunaphakade. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha ezikhona ezingathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lakho lokuphila.
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo zingabangela ukulahleka kokuzwa, kuhlanganise nesishukela, imifino , i-meningitis ne- scarlet fever . Abesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo ezifana ne-rubella noma i-herpes bangadlulisela ingane yabo engakazalwa futhi babelethe izingane ezingenakuzwa noma ezizithulu.
- Ukulimala , ikakhulukazi ukulimala kwekhanda okulimazayo, kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa. Lokhu kungenzeka noma kungenakuphulukiswa, kuye ngezimo.
- Imithi , kubandakanya ezinye antibiotics, ingabangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Lemithi ibizwa ngokuthi "ototoxic." Uma usuqale imithi emisha futhi ngokuzumayo uguquko lwamaviki ekuzwa, kufanele uzise udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa imithi ye-ototoxic kungaba yesikhashana noma ingapheli. Futhi, uma unamapayipi endlebe noma i-eardrum ephukile, bese ufaka amaconsi endlebe (njengamaconsi asetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa i-earwax) noma izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela indlebe yokudoba (njengoviniga, utshwala noma i-oil oil), ungalimaza indlebe yakho yangaphakathi .
Ukuzwa Ukulahla - Ukulalela Noma Ukuzwa Ukulahlekelwa
Ukulahleka kokuzwa kwe-Congenital kwenzeka uma uzalwa noma zonke izithulu. Kunemibandela eminingi (okungaphezu kuka-400) engabangela lokhu-ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka ukuba uzalwe ngaphandle kwakho konke noma amanye amathambo amathathu endlebeni akho ayadingeka ekuzwa. Ukulahleka kokuzwa kokuzalwa kuhlotshaniswa namanye ama-syndromes, kuhlanganise ne-Down syndrome, i-usher syndrome, i-treacher collins syndrome, ne-microtia. Kungaba i-genetic kuphela futhi kungabangela futhi uma ingane izalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ngaphambi kokuba izakhi endlebeni zithuthuke ngokugcwele). Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuhlanganise ne-toxemia kanye nokutheleleka okuthile, kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokulalela kokuzalwa.
Kuye ngesimo, ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kokuzalwa kungase kube njalo noma kungahlali. Nakuba izinkinga eziningi zokubeletha ezenza lolu hlobo lwesithulu alukwazi ukuguqulwa ezifweni ezivamile, ama-cochlear implants enza ukuthi izingane eziningi zithole ukulahleka kokuzwa kokubeletha ukuzwa futhi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi abantwana bangabalwa benomsindo ezindlebeni zabo. Lokhu akubhekiswanga ngempela ukulahlekelwa kokulalela kokuzalwa. Uma ingane yakho ihluleka ukuzwa isibuko sokuqala ngoba ikwazi ukuphuza amanzi ezindlebeni zazo, ukuzwa kwabo kuzobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile uma umchamo usukile.
Ezinye izimbangela zokulahlekelwa kokuzwa zihlanganisa:
- isifo se-meniere
- i-otosclerosis
- izifo ezithile ezizimele
- i-neuroma yama-acoustic
Imithombo:
I-American Speech Language Hearing Association. Izimbangela Zokuzwa Ukulahlekelwa Kubantu Abadala. http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/disorders/causes_adults.htm
I-MedlinePlus. Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/article/003044.htm
Impilo Ephakeme Ye-NIH. Ukuzwa Ukulahlekelwa: Izimbangela Nokuvimbela. http://nihseniorhealth.gov/hearingloss/causesriskfactorsprevention/01.html