Abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi i-melanoma iyinomdlavuza yesikhumba engasakazeka ekuqaleni nangaphezulu ngokushesha kunezinye izifo zomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ukuqwashisa kwethu emphakathini nasemphakathini wezokwelapha kwanda ngendlela ilanga elidala ngayo umonakalo wesikhumba . Kukhona amasayithi amakhulu ku-intanethi enolwazi olumangalisayo mayelana nazo zonke izici ze-melanoma. Kulesi sihloko, ngizokwehlisela lolo lwazi bese ngiphendula imibuzo embalwa eyisisekelo.
Iyini i-Melanoma?
I-Melanoma ingumdlavuza we- melanocytes , noma amaseli okwenza i-pigment, esikhumbeni. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba ongafaki, kodwa i-melanoma uhlobo olukwazi ukusabalalisa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, noma ukusabalalisa umzimba. Kuvame ukubonakala phezu kwesiqu emadodeni nasemilenzeni yabesifazane, kodwa kungenzeka noma kuphi emzimbeni.
Ukubaluleka kwe-Melanoma
I-Melanoma ingumdlavuza wesishiyagalombili ovame kakhulu e- United States futhi ibangele u-1-2% wabo bonke ukufa komdlavuza. Isimo se-melanoma seyekhula ngokushesha kunanoma yimuphi omunye umdlavuza eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule. Indlela yokunciphisa ithuba lakho lokuthuthukisa i-melanoma ukubona ukuthi usengozini futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa leyo ngozi noma uqaphe kakhulu.
Izimo Zeengozi ze-Melanoma
Lokhu okulandelayo yizinto ezibeka ingozi ezivela engozini enkulu kunazo zonke. Futhi, kunezici ezingaphezu kwezinengozi onayo, amazinga akho angcono kakhulu wokuthola i-melanoma .
- I-molecule eguqukayo
- I-Atypical nevus syndrome
- Ukuba nemvukuzane> 15cm ububanzi futhi ikhona kusukela ekuzalweni
- Umncintiswano omhlophe
- Umdlavuza wesikhumba wangaphambili
- Ilungu lomndeni osondelene ne-melanoma
- Ukusebenzisa umbhede wokuqothula izikhathi eziyishumi ngonyaka noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-30
- Ama- moles angaphezu kwangu-50 emzimbeni wakho
- Ukususwa kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela
- Ukuthambekela kokushisa nokukhishwa esikhundleni se-tan
Ukuvimbela i-Melanoma
Isivikelo esihle kakhulu ukubona noma yiziphi izinto eziyingozi ongase ube nazo futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukulimala kwelanga. Sebenzisa i- sunscreen okungenani okungenani i- SPF engu-15 nganoma yisiphi isikhathi uma uphuma elangeni. Uma unezici eziningana zobungozi kufanele ukuthi usebenzise i-sunscreen ngaso sonke isikhathi nge-SPF yezingu-30. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthenga ama-moisturizers onokungeziwe ngazo kakade.
Ukuqaphela Amangqamu Asolisayo
Ukubusa okuvamile kwesithupha kuzokusebenzisa i-ABCD.
- I-Asymmetry - Dweba umugqa phakathi nendawo. Uma ama-halves awafani, i-molecule i-asymmetric futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ingavamile.
- Umngcele - Imingcele yama-moles ase-atypical ayichazwanga kahle noma angabheka i-scalloped ne-notches phakathi kwe-scallops.
- Umbala - Umbala ongalingani kuwo wonke umlenze kungenzeka ube uphawu lokungavamile . Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma zonke ezinye ama-moles emzimbeni wakho zingumbala ofanayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye abantu bavame ukuba nama-moles anemibala ehlukene kubo. Imibala ebomvu, emhlophe, neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingase ibe ukuthanda izwe, kodwa nazo izibonakaliso zokungajwayelekile.
- I-diameter - Iningi le-melanomas lisakaze phezulu ngaphambi kokuba liqale ukusakaza ngokuqondile. Ngakho-ke hlola ama-moles ekhulisa ububanzi obukhulu kunama-6 mm noma 1/4 intshi. Lokhu kungokwesayizi we-pencil eraser.
Uma ukhathazekile nge-molecule, kufanele ubuze umhlinzeki wakho ngakho. Ukwelashwa kwe-melanoma kuqala ngokuziqhenya kwesilonda kuthatha okungenani umngcele o-1 cm wezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Isigaba somdlavuza sinqunywa ukuthi zingamakhilimitha amangaki anesisindo somdlavuza. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umdlavuza awusakazeki kwezinye izindawo zomzimba, kuthathwa i-x-ray yesifuba futhi ukuhlolwa kobuvi obuhlola isibindi nakho kwenziwa. Kuye ngezici eziningana, ngezinye izikhathi i- lymph nodes endaweni isuswa futhi ihlolwe ukuze ibone ukuthi iqukethe amangqamuzana anomdlavuza. Uma umdlavuza usakaze kwezinye izindawo zomzimba, ukwelashwa okungcono ukukhipha izicubu zomdlavuza uma kunokwenzeka.
Ngezinye izikhathi, i-chemotherapy isetshenziswa kanye nokususwa. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ngokuvamile akusizi. Okokugcina, kunemithi ephikisanayo ehilela i-interferon kanye nemigomo.