Imithi Yokwelashwa, Utshwala Nokudonswa Kwezidakamizwa Kungabangela I-Parasomnias
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi imithi noma into efana nodoti noma ezinye izidakamizwa kubangele ukuziphatha kokulala? Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ngabantu abenza izinto ezihlekisayo ngaphansi kwethonya lama- Ambien , kodwa zikhona yini ezinye izimbangela zokuziphatha zokulala ezibizwa nge- parasomnias ? Funda mayelana nobuhlobo phakathi kwezinto nokulala, ukulala ukulala, ukushayela ukulala, kanye nokukhubazeka kokuziphatha kwe-REM .
Yimiphi Imithi Eyimbangela Yokulala?
Kunemithi ehlukahlukene engaholela ekuziphatheni kokulala, kusukela ezidambiswaneni zokulwa nezidakamizwa ukuya emithini ephethe isifo se-Alzheimer. Ngomuthi ngamunye obalulwe ngenzansi, igama lomkhiqizo ovame kakhulu lilandelwe igama elijwayelekile ku-parenthesis. Eziningi zalezi zithinta ukulawulwa kwemisipha ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamehlo okusheshayo (REM) ukulala. Esikhundleni sokukhubazeka okuvamile okukhubazeka okwenzekayo, ithoni ye-muscle yanda futhi kungenzeka ukuthi iphume. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhambeni nasekuziphatheni kokulala njengokushaya, ukukhahlela, ukushaya, ukugqekeza embhedeni, ukukhuluma, neminye imisebenzi.
Imithi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu evuselela ithoni ye-muscle ku-REM ne-REM yokukhubazeka kwesifo yi-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiwe. Lokhu kufaka:
- Celexa (citalopram)
- I-Lexapro (i-escitalopram)
- I-Prozac (i-fluoxetine)
- I-Luvox (i-fluvoxamine)
- I-Paxil (i-paroxetine)
- I-Zoloft (sertraline)
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) angabangela nokwanda kwethambo le-REM nakuziphathamandla zokuziphatha.
Imithi ye-TCA ihlanganisa:
- Elavil (amitriptyline)
- I-Pamelor (nortriptyline)
- I-Norpramin (deipramine)
- Silenor (doxepin)
- I-Tofranil (i-imipramine)
Ezinye izidakamizwa zemithi yengqondo ezingase zidale ukukhubazeka kwe-REM zihlanganisa i-Effexor (venlafaxine) ne-Remeron (mirtazapine). Yize isetshenziswe kangako ngenxa yeminye imiphumela emibi, i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors efana ne-Eldepryl (selegiline) ingase ibe negalelo.
Okokugcina, imishanguzo ye-anticholinesterase inhibitor eyanciphisa ukuwohloka kwe-acetylcholine futhi isetshenziselwa ukuphatha isifo se-Alzheimer ingabangela nokuziphatha kokulala. Le mithi ihlanganisa:
- I-Aricept (i-factpezil)
- I-Exelon (i-rivastigmine)
- I-Razadyne (galantamine)
- I-Namenda (i-memantine)
Kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi imithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-beta blockers, ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinga eliphezulu legazi noma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo (tachycardia), lingabangela ukucutshungulwa okuhlobene nokulala. Le mithi kadokotela ingafaka:
- I-Coreg (i-carvedilol)
- Inderal (propranolol)
- I-Lopressor noma i-Toprol XL (i-metoprolol)
- I-Sorine (i-sotalol)
- I-Tenormin (i-atenolol)
- Timolol
- I-trandate (labetalol)
- I-Zebeta (i-bisoprolol)
Okokugcina, imishanguzo yemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuleleka ingase ibangele ama-non-REM parasomnias. Lezi zimo zihlanganisa ukulala , ukugula okuhlobene nokulala, nokulala ngokushayela. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubulili bokulala kanye nezenzo zobudlova zenzeke. Kukholelwa ukuthi le mithi icindezela ikhono lokuvusa (ngokuphakamisa isikhwama sokuvusa) nokuthi lokhu kungaphazamisa inkumbulo nokuqonda. Nakuba ingxenye yebuchopho ivaliwe, ingxenye evumela ukunyakaza nemisebenzi ingasebenza. Le mithi ibizwa ngokuthi sedatives noma hypnotics futhi ifaka:
Nakuba imithi yokwelashwa ingase ibangele i-parasomnias njengomphumela ohlangothini, akuzona kuphela izinto ezingashukumisa lezi zimo zokulala.
Ingabe Utshwala Noma Izidakamizwa Kungabangela Ukubhekana Nezinkinga Zokulala?
Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi utshwala bungabangela ukulala ngokuqondile. Ukuziphatha komuntu odakiwe kuhluke kumuntu ovele elele ukulala. Utshwala luthonya ngokuthobeka ukucabanga: nakuba lukhubazekile, alukho. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umuntu olalayo akakhombisi izenzo zakhe emva kweqiniso. Izinyathelo, ngisho nezenzo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi, zigcinwa ekulaleni.
Akukho sikhubekiso noma uwela naphezu kokubonakala sengathi "engekho" ngengqondo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umuntu ophuze utshwala uyoba nokulinganisela okungalingani kahle futhi akakwazi ukuhamba ngokujwayelekile.
Kukholelwa ukuthi utshwala bungabangela ukulala okuhlukene, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuphefumula okungalashwa ngendlala . Utshwala lukhulula imisipha yendiza engenhla futhi lokhu kungaholela ekwehleni kwendiza kubantu abangenakwenzeka, okuholela ekuvukeni kokulala. Lokhu kungabangela ukuxuba amazwe okuxubile futhi kuholele engozini yokulala yokulala. Nakuba kunengqondo, lokhu akuqinisekisiwe ngokuhlola.
Ukuphuza utshwala kungase kungabi nendima enkulu ekuvuseleleni ukuziphatha kokulala, kepha ukuhoxiswa kotshwala kungadala lezi ziqephu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi ukuhoxiswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, kuhlanganise ne-cocaine ne-amphetamine, kungabangela nokuziphatha ngokulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhoxiswa kwezidakamizwa zemithi efana ne-barbiturates kanye ne-meprobamate nakho kungenza okufanayo.
Okokugcina, kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe- caffeine ngisho nelekholethi kungabangela ukukhubazeka kwe-REM yokukhubazeka.
Indlela Yokunquma Uma Izinkinga Zisetshenziswa Ngokwezinto
Uyazi kanjani ukuthi imithi noma into oyisebenzisayo ifaka isandla ekuziphatheni okuhlobene nokulala? Okubaluleke kakhulu ukucubungula isikhathi. Ingabe uqale ukusebenzisa le nto ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimpawu? Ingabe ukuziphatha kwakubi kakhulu ngenkathi usebenzisa? Uma imithi noma isisetshenziswa siphelile, ingabe izimpawu noma ukuziphatha kuyahamba?
Ngokuvamile, kungadingeka ukuthi uxoxe nodokotela wakho odokotela. Uma kunokwenzeka, kungadingeka ukuyeka imithi ukuze ubone ukuthi i-parasomnias ixazulula yini.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuziphatha okungavamile okuphazamisayo okuphawula ngemithi yokwelapha njenge-Ambien kwenzeka uma inani elibanjwe lidlula umthamo ophakanyisiwe noma uma kuthathwa ngokungalungile. Amazinga wegazi angadlula lokho okubonwa ukuthi kuphephile. Abesifazane bayelulekwa yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukuthatha amanani aphansi ngenxa yalezi zingozi ezingenzeka. Uma kuhlanganiswa neminye imithi eyenza ebuchosheni, noma ngotshwala, izingozi zibuhlungu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi ingathathwa ngesikhathi esingalungile noma kungase kube nesikhathi esanele embhede ngaphambi kokuvuka.
Ukusebenzisa kabi le mithi kungabangela izingozi ezinkulu noma enye ingozi. Kunjalo nangezinye izidakamizwa ezingase zihlukumezwe. Akucaci ukuthi izimbangela ezifanayo ezisemqoka, kuhlanganise nezakhi zofuzo, zibalulekile kuma-parasomnias okungewona ama-REM ahlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.
Indlela Yokunciphisa Izingozi Zakho Nesikhathi Ukuthola Usizo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-trigger imithi enqunyiwe, utshwala, noma imithi engekho emthethweni, kufanele ufune usizo uma uhlangabezana nokuziphatha okuhlobene nokulala okungazilimaza wena noma abanye. Qala ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho ocacisa futhi, uma kunesidingo, ubone isazi sokulala ukuze ubone ezinye izimbangela ezingabangela lezi ziphathamandla.
Ngokubukeza okucabangayo ngezici zakho zobungozi, nokuyeka ukuhlinzeka ngemithi noma izinto, uzokwazi ukulala ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwenza amaphupho akho ebusuku.
> Umthombo:
> I-American Academy Yokulala Imithi. Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezwe Lonke Kwezinkinga Zokulala, 3rd ed. Darien, IL: i-American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2014.