Amakhaya abilayo angayiphilisa yini?
Izinga lokwehliswa kwe- peanut lenyuke ngokuphawulekayo eminyakeni eyishumi edlule futhi manje kuthinta amaphesenti angu-2 kubantu e-United States nakwamanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga. Ngokukhululekile, ukusabela kokulonda kwezilwane emanzini kutholakala kubantu abano-peanut-allergies futhi kubangele ukufa kwabantu abaningi kule minyaka eyi-15 edlule. Kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, ezifana neKorea, i-China, ne-Israel, izinga lokunciphisa i-peanut liphansi kakhulu kunelaseNtshonalanga.
Abanye abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi izinga elincane le-peanut elithintekayo kula mazwe lingase lihlangane nokuthi i-peanut isetshenziswa kanjani. Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, amantongomane avame ukuba omisiwe; emazweni angewona amazwe aseNtshonalanga, nokho, amantongomane avame ukuphekwa, okuthosiwe noma okufakwe emanzini. Lezi zindlela ezahlukene zokucubungula kungenzeka zishintshe indlela umzimba ophendula ngayo i-allergen ye-peanut.
Indlela Yokucubungula Nokupheka Izinguquko Ze-Peanut Ukuzivocavoca
Kunezifo ezi-3 ezinkulu zama-peanut ezichazwe, okuthiwa i- Ara h 1 , i- Ara h 2 ne- Ara h 3 . Abantu abahlala e-United States (i-United States) abanomdlavuza we-peanut ngokuvamile basuke behlushwa i- Ara h 2 , ikakhulukazi labo bantu abanezinhlobo ezimbi kakhulu ze-peanut. Kubonakala sengathi izilonda ezinkulu ze-peanut ziguqulwa indlela amantongomane asetshenzwa ngayo uma kuqhathaniswa namanqamu aluhlaza. Ukuqothula amantongomane kugqugquzela ukuthi amasosha omzimba we-IgE asabela kanjani ku- Ara h 2 , engasichaza ukuthi kungani abantu base-US bevame ukubhekana nokudla okwejwayelekile futhi okunzima kakhulu kunokwenziwa kwama-peanuts.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amantongomane aqoshiwe ayadla ukudla eKorea, lapho kuvame ukudla khona ama-pickled, abilisiwe noma ama-peanuts okuthosiwe, okubonakala anciphisa ikhono le- Ara h 2 ukuba libe yi-allergen. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuguquka kwamapayipi, izinhlobo ezimbi kakhulu, kuvame ukuvame kakhulu emazweni aseNtshonalanga uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe ase-Asia.
Ingabe Kukhona Okwamanje Imithi Yokwelashwa Kwe-Peanut?
Akunjalo Empeleni. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezifundo ezincane ezigxile ekusetshenzisweni kwe- oral immunotherapy ekwelapheni uketshezi lwezinkukhu. Lezi zifundo zihilela ukunikeza ufulawa we-peanut okwandayo (ngokuvamile e-gelatin capsules) ukugwinya nsuku zonke, isikhathi semasonto kuya ezinyangeni. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, inselele yomlomo yokudla i-peanut isetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukuthi u-peanut ongakanani angakwazi ukubekezelela ngaphandle kokubhekana nokuphikisa. Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwabonisa ukuthi ngemva kokuba izingane zithole imithi ye-peanut ezinyangeni eziningi, zingadla inqwaba yamanqamu (cishe 20) ngaphandle kokubhekana nesifo sokudla. Ngeshwa, cishe zonke lezi zingane zathola uhlobo oluthile lokuphendula okweqile ngesikhathi se-oral peanut immunotherapy.
Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ze- anaphylaxis eziye zabikwa ukuthi zenzeka eziningi zezingane ezitholakala ngomlomo we-peanut immunotherapy, kukhona inani elikhulayo lemikhakha yezingane ezithuthukisa i- eosinophilic esophagitis njengemiphumela emibi ye-oral immunotherapy. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ezibi kakhulu zomlomo we-peanut immunotherapy, kanye nombuzo wokuthi isikhathi esizayo ukuhlomula kwe-immunotherapy kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani, akukhuthazwa ukuba kusetshenziswe ngaphandle kwesilungiselelo somtholampilo.
Le mithi yokwelashwa ayilungele ukuhlinzekwa yi-allergists yomphakathi, futhi kufanele ihlinzekwe kuphela ngamanyuvesi amakhulu noma izikhungo zokuqeqesha izifo, noma njengengxenye yocwaningo lokucwaninga.
Ochwepheshe be-allergies zokudla baye baphetha ngokuthi, "i-peanut oral oral immunotherapy imelela izindlela ezithembisayo zokwelashwa zokuguqulwa kwe-IgE-mediated alleraner allergies. Nokho, okwamanje, abukho ubufakazi obanele ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside, ukuphepha nezindleko -ukuphumelela kwe-peanut oral oral immunotherapy ukutusa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokujwayelekile emisebenzini yomtholampilo. "
Amantongomane angabilisa angayikhombisa yini ukwelashwa kokudla kokudla?
Mhlawumbe.
Ucwaningo lwangaphambili lubonise ukuthi ngokushisa okukhulu, ukudla okuthile okufana nobisi namaqanda kulahlekelwa amandla abo okubangela ukusabela kwemizwa. Abantu abaningi abanobisi kanye neqanda ukungezwani ukubekezelela lokhu kudla uma bevutha kakhulu. Uma amaqanda nobisi obuvuthayo kakhulu kuvame ukudliwa abantu abaneqanda nobisi ukungezwani komzimba, ukudla kwabo kokungezwani komzimba kungase kube nzima kakhulu, futhi nangesikhathi esidlule.
Ucwaningo olusanda kwenziwa, olwenziwe ezinganeni ezine ezinezinkinga zokuphuza i-peanut, lwalandela lo logic efanayo ngomzamo wokuphulukisa ukungezwani komzimba. Izingane zidla izinyembezi ezibilisiwe ngamanani amaningi ngosuku lonke phakathi nezinyanga eziningi. Ngemva kwenkathi ezinyangeni eziningi, ezinye zezingane zazikwazi ukudla amaqanda aluhlaza. Njengoba kunjalo ngokudla kakhulu ubisi oluvuthayo kanye neqanda, ukudla amantongomane abilisiwe - ngokuncipha kwe- Ara h 2 - kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni ukubekezelelana komlomo. Ngenkathi kudingwa ezinye izifundo eziningi, ukudla ama-peanuts abilisiwe kungaba yisihluthulelo sokwelashwa kwezilwane zokuphefumula.
Uma unesifo sofuba, kufanele kubalulekile ukuthi ungazami ukudla amantongomane abilisiwe ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho wezokwelapha kuqala. Ucwaningo olukhulunywe ngenhla lufake inombolo encane yeziguli, futhi ukusabela okubangelwa yi-allergic okusongela ukuphila kungase kwenzeke ngokudla ama-peanuts abilisiwe kubantu abanomdlavuza we-peanut.
> Imithombo:
> Turner PJ, et al. Ukulahlekelwa Amaprotheni E-Allergenic Ngesikhathi Ukubilisa Ukuchaza Ukubekezela Kwama-Peanut abilisiwe ku-Peanut Ukuzivocavoca. J Allergy Clin Immunol. KuCindezela .
> Sampson HA. I-Peanut Oral Immunotherapy: Ingabe Yilungele Ukuzikhandla Kwemitholampilo? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013; 1: 15-21.