Isimo sikaRaynaud yisimo esithinta i-arthritis esenzeka lapho imithwalo yegazi igxila. Ukunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kungabangela ubuhlungu nokungazinaki endaweni ethintekile kanye nokukhishwa kwesikhumba kwesikhumba.
I-Raynaud ingenzeka njengesimo sokuqala noma sesibili. Njengesimo esiyinhloko, asihlotshaniswa nanoma yisiphi esinye isifo futhi ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi yisifo sikaRaynaud.
Uma izimpawu zikaRaynaud zihlobene nezinye izimo zezempilo, kuthiwa yiPenomenon kaRaynaud. I-Raynaud eyinhloko ivame kakhulu kune-Raynaud yesibili futhi ngokuvamile ayinzima kakhulu.
Izimbangela
Isizathu sokwehlakalo sikaRaynaud asiqondwa ngokuphelele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuvinjwa kwemithambo yegazi ezindaweni ezithintekile (okubizwa ngokuthi i-vasospasm) kungahle kwenziwe ngokuboniswa ukucindezeleka okubandayo nokucindezela ngokweqile, ukugeleza kwegazi okwesikhashana okwesikhashana. Abanye abacwaningi bafunda nokuthi izakhi zofuzo zihlobene yini nesenzo sikaRaynaud.
Izimo kanye nezici ezenza ukuthi lesi sihloko sikaRaynaud senze lokhu:
- Scleroderma
- Lupus
- I-rheumatoid arthritis
- Sjogren's syndrome
- Izifo Ezixubile Ezixhumene Nezifo
- Dermatomyositis
- I-polymyositis
- Ukucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe
- Ukubhema
- Imithi ethile
- I-Hypothyroidism
Izimpawu
I-vasospasm eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kukaRaynaud ngokuvamile ihlala imizuzu engu-15 kodwa ingaba ngomzuzu owodwa kuya emahoreni amaningana.
Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukugubha, ukubhoboza, ukuphazamiseka, nokuguqulwa komzimba kungenziwa sonke endaweni ethintekile. Iminwe nezinzwane yiyona indawo evamile kakhulu yomcimbi kaRaynaud. Esigabeni sikaRaynaud (primary), zombili izandla kanye nezinyawo zombili zivame ukuthinteka. Ngaphandle kweminwe nezinzwane, uRaynaud angathinta izindlebe, impumu, izindebe, amadolo nezinsipho.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuhlolwa komzimba ngudokotela wakho kuzobheka izimpawu zomzimba ezihlobene nesenzo sikaRaynaud ezifana ne-blueness noma i-pallor esikhumbeni nasesikhumba sesilonda. Izivivinyo zegazi , kuhlanganise nesilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation (sedrate) kanye ne- antinuclear antibody test (ANA), ziyalwa njalo ukuba zilawulwe ezinye izimo ezihlobene ne-arthritis. Ukuhlolwa okubili okusetshenziswe ngokukhethekile ukusiza ukuhlonza isenzo sikaRaynaud yilokhu:
- I-capillaroscopy ye-Nailfold
- Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi se-cold
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwesenzo sikaRaynaud sigxile ekuvimbeleni ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kukaRaynaud nokuvimbela ukulimala okuhlala njalo komzimba. Ukwelashwa kungafaka:
- Ukufudumala nokuvikela ekubhekaneni nokushisa.
- Ukucindezeleka ukuphathwa
- Amasu okuphumula
- Yeka ukubhema, uma uyibhema
- Ukuzivocavoca ukwandisa ukujikeleza
- Ukuhlinzwa, kodwa akudingeki neze
Imithi esetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu zikaRaynaud ihlanganisa abakhi be-calcium channel , ama-catecholamine deceptors, ama-vasodilators, nama- relaxation muscle abushelelezi.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwePhenomenon kaRaynaud
I-National Institute of Arthritis neMisculoskeletal kanye Nezikhumba Izimo zilinganisela ukuthi amaphesenti angu-5 kuya kwengu-10 ebantwini base-United States ashintshwe yizehlakalo zikaRaynaud.
- Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye amacala ayisisekelo kaRaynaud abandakanya abesifazane abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-40 ubudala.
- Amaphesenti angama-85 kuya kwangu-95 abantu abane-scleroderma noma i-MCTD banemiphumela kaRaynaud.
- Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zeziguli ze-lupus zinezimpawu zikaRaynaud.
Amaphuzu Asithakazelo
- Ukugcina ukufudumala kuyisihluthulelo sokulawula isenzakalo sikaRaynaud, ngisho noma lokho kusho ukuthi ugqoke amagilavu uma usendlini.
- Ukugijima kwamanzi afudumele phezu kwezindawo ezibandayo ezibandayo kunganikeza usizo.
- Ukuzola okubalulekile kubalulekile.
- U-Raynaud angaqala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Imithombo:
Phenomenon kaRaynaud. I-Arthritis Foundation. Disemba 2006.
http://www.arthritis.org/conditions/DiseaseCenter/raynauds.asp
Phenomenon kaRaynaud. I-NIAMS. Disemba 2006.
http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/raynaud/ar125fs.htm