Ulwazi mayelana neSyphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia & Trichomoniasis
Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STDs) ziphakathi kwezimbangela ezivamile zokugula emhlabeni. Kwezinye izilwane, isifo esisodwa esithathelwana ngocansi, isifo se- syphilis sisezingeni eliyingozi. Eqinisweni, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, kuhlanganise ne-syphilis zandisa ingozi ye-HIV. Endabeni ye-syphilis, izilonda ezivulekile ezibangelwa yizifo ezithathelwana ngocansi zenza i-portal ekahle ye-HIV ukungena emzimbeni.
I-Syphilis
I-Syphilis yaqala ukuchazwa ngekhulu le-16. Emazweni athuthukile, isifo se-syphilis sehlile phakathi nesigamu esilandelayo sekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Kodwa-ke, kulawa mazwe afanayo, kwaba nokukhuphuka okukhulu kwezifo zalesi sifo esithathelwana ngocansi ngemva kweMpi Yezwe I. Kodwa futhi, ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II izimbangela zawela ngokushesha, ngokuhambisana nokutholakala kwezivivinyo zokuhlola nokuvivinya umzimba. Kwamanye amazwe asezikhungweni, i-syphilis yaqala ukuvuka eminyakeni yawo-1960 futhi isanda kancane kusukela.
Ukulawula iSyphilis
I-Syphilis yisibonelo esilandelayo sesifo esithathelwana ngocansi esingalawulwa ngempumelelo yizinyathelo zezempilo zomphakathi:
- Ukuhlola okulula, okunomthelela kakhulu wokuhlola ukutholakala kuyatholakala futhi kuvumela ukuxilongwa ngokushesha.
- Ama-antibiotic asebenzayo atholakalayo ukuze aphathe ukutheleleka okunzima futhi okungapheli.
- Uma i-syphilis ishiywe ingalashwa ingabangela ukulimala kwesibindi, umonakalo odongeni lomzimba, ukuphazanyiswa kwengqondo, nokugcina ukufa.
- Ukuphikisana nemithi elwa namagciwane akuzange kuthuthuke, okusho ukuthi kuyosebenza ngempumelelo kubantu abaningi.
Abantu Banikezela I-Syphilis?
I-syphilis ibangelwa amabhaktheriya; ikakhulukazi, i-motile (iyakwazi ukuhambisa) i-spirochete (amabhaktheriya afana ne-coorkscrew) okuthiwa yi- Treponema pallidum . I-spirochete idluliselwa kumuntu ukuya komuntu ngesondo; ngesikhathi somlomo, isilwane sangasese nesilwane.
I-Syphilis ibangela izilonda ezivulekile ngokuyinhloko epeni, i-anus, nesiswini. Ukuxhumana nalezo zilonda ngesikhathi socansi ngomlomo, ngokobulili, noma kwesilwane kudala ukudluliswa kwe-spirochete ngokocansi kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye.
Ngaphandle kokudluliselwa ngocansi, i-syphilis ingadluliselwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe baye emntwaneni ongakazalwa. I-spirochete eyenza i-syphilis ingadlulisela uxhumano phakathi kwe-fetus nomama (i-placenta) ekutheleleni i-fetus. Ukutheleleka kwe-Syphilis ye-fetus engakazalwa kungabangela ukukhipha isisu okuzenzekelayo, ukubeletha noma ukufa kwesisu ngesikhathi esibelethweni sikamama. Kulezi zinsana ezenza kube nokubeletha futhi zisinde, ukukhubazeka kokubeletha kuvamile.
Ziyini Izimpawu ZamaSyphilis?
I-Syphilis ibizwa ngokuthi "umlingisi" kanti izimpawu zayo zivame ukudideka ngezimpawu zezinye izimo nezifo. Abantu abane-syphilis bangahamba iminyaka bengenazo izimpawu. Eqinisweni, ezinkathini zokuqala zesifo, uma kukhona izilonda zesifo sofuba, zingase zingabonakali. Lezi zici ezimbili ze-syphilis zisho ukuthi izifo eziningi zenzeka phakathi kwabantu abangakwazi ukutheleleka nge-syphilis.
Izifo ezintathu zeSyphilis Infection
Isiteji esiyinhloko: Ngokuvamile, ngalesi sigaba, isifo esisodwa siphumezela ngezici zobulili, ubulili, noma i-anus.
Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka ngezinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-90 emva kokutheleleka. I-sore engenabuhlungu ngokuvamile ivela endaweni lapho i-syphilis ingena emzimbeni. Lesi sifo sizohlala emavikini angu-3-6 futhi siphulukisa ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kuphakanyiswa ngoba, ngaphandle kwalo, isifo sofuba singangena esiteji sesibili.
Isigaba Sekondari: Ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izimpawu zesiphilisi sesibili zizophulukisa. Kodwa njengoba kunjalo esiteji esiyinhloko, uma kungekho ukwelashwa unikezwa isifo singathuthuka kuze kube sekupheleni. Isigaba sesibili sesiphilisi sibonakala ngokuthi:
- Izilonda ze-membrane izilonda
- Ukuqhuma okubomvu ezintendeni zezandla nemilenze yezinyawo ezingathinti
- Fever
- Ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo
- Ama-muscle aches
- Ukukhathala
Isigaba esilandelayo: Lesi sigaba saziwa nangokuthi "isigaba esifihliwe," kusukela lapho izimpawu zesigaba sesibili sezixazululwe. Kule sigaba ukuthi ukuphika okungelashwa kungabangela umonakalo ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, isimiso sezinzwa zomphakathi, namathambo namalunga. Kwezinye izimo, ukufa kungenzeka. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukwelashwa kwe-syphilis kubalulekile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isigaba sokutheleleka umuntu ongaphakathi.
I-Syphilis ishukunyiswa kanjani?
Esikhathini sokuqala, isifo sofuba siphathwa kalula nge-injection eyodwa ye-penicillin noma i-antibiotic efanayo uma i-penicillin yokungezwani komzimba ikhona. Njengoba izigaba ze-penicillin ziyaqhubeka, ukwelashwa kungesikhathi eside futhi kuyingozi kakhulu (isib. Ukujola okungahambisani ne-intramuscular).
Ukuba ne-syphilis kanye nokuphathwa ngempumelelo akuvimbeli umuntu ekutheleleni okuzayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinyathelo zokuphepha zobulili eziphephile zidinga ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kuyadingeka.
Esinye sezifo ezine ezivame ukuguga ngokocansi yi-gonorrhea. Kodwa njengabanye, ukuvikeleka okuncane kungavimbela i-gonorrhea ngokuphelele. Futhi njengamanye ama-STD, ukuba khona kwanoma iyiphi i-STD kuhlanganise ne-gonorrhea kungandisa ingozi yokutheleleka nge-HIV.
I-gonorrhea
I-Gonorrhea yisifo esivamile esidala, nakuba ingxenye enkulu yabantu abane-HIV (amaphesenti angama-80 kubantu besifazane namaphesenti angu-10 phakathi kwamadoda) ayifanele, okusho ukuthi abanayo izimpawu.
Ngakho-ke abaqapheli isidingo sokwelashwa noma ingozi yokudlulisela lesi sifo kwabanye. Lokhu kungabikho kokuqwashisa okubangela inani lamacala e-gonorrhea unyaka ngamunye.
I-Gonorrhea Infection Occur
I-gonorrhea i-STD ebangelwa amabhaktheriya okuthiwa i- Neisseria gonorrhoeae . Lezi zinambuzane zithanda ukukhula ezindaweni ezifudumele ezinomsoco kuhlanganise nesiswini, i-anus, i-urinary tract, umlomo, umphimbo namehlo. Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukuxhumana kocansi okungavimbelwe nalezi zindawo kunakho okubangele ukutheleleka. Ukutheleleka kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokulwa okungavinjelwe, ubulili besisu noma ngomlomo. Ukwehliswa kwesisu akudingeki ukuba ukutheleleka kwenzeke. Futhi, i-gonorrhea ingasakazeka kumama othelelekile ukuya emntwaneni wakhe ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Ziyini Izimpawu ZeGonorrhea?
Amadoda amaningi ayenawo izimpawu . Uma banezibonakaliso ngokuvamile bavele phakathi nesonto lokutheleleka futhi bafaka:
- Ukuvutha ngokuchama
- Ukukhishwa okumhlophe, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuphuzi kusuka epeni
- Izicathulo ezibuhlungu noma ezivuvukalayo
Abesifazane kaningi banezimpawu ezincane kuphela noma abanakho izimpawu nakancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukutholakala kokutheleleka kuxhomeke ikakhulukazi emasikweni omzimba. Uma abesifazane bezimpawu bafaka:
- Ubuhlungu noma ukuvutha ngokuchama
- Ukukhishwa kwamagciwane
- Ukuphuma kwamagciwane phakathi kwezinkathi
Bobabili amadoda nabesifazane bangathola ukutheleleka kwe-gonorrhea emaceleni. Izimpawu zihlanganisa:
- Ukukhishwa kwemvelo
- Ukuhlambalaza noma ubuhlungu
- Ukuphuma kwegazi
- Ukunyakaza kokuhamba kwamathumbu
Ukutheleleka kwe-gonorrhea emphinjeni akuvamile ukuthi kubangele izimpawu kodwa uma kuwukuthi ngokuvamile kuyisifo esibuhlungu.
I-Gonorrhea Iphathwe Kanjani?
Kukhona ama-antibiotic amaningana aphumelele ekuphatheni i-gonorrhea . Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ze-gonorrhea ezingamelana nemithi elwa namagciwane ziba yinto evame kakhulu futhi zenze kube nzima kakhulu ukuphatha i-STD. Ngokuvamile, umuntu one-gonorrhea angenwa igciwane lesinye isifo sofuba esaziwa ngokuthi i-chlamydia. Uma lowo muntu unezifo zombili, kufanele zombili zombili zilashwe ngakho umuntu uzothatha ama-antibiotics ukuze aphathe kokubili.
Uma i-gonorrhea ingaphathwa ngokuphelele ingabangela ezinye izifo ezinzima nezihlala njalo. Lezi ezinye izifo zihlanganisa:
- Ukwelashwa kwesibeletho, ama-ovari, noma ama-tubespial (isifo sokuvuvukala kwesisu) kwabesifazane
- Ukwandisa ingozi ye-ectopic pregnancy
- Izifo zobufakazi (i-epididymitis)
- Igazi kanye nezifo ezihlangene
Ukuvimbela i-Gonorrhea
Njengabaphi i-STD, ukusebenzisa i-latex ikhondomu kunganciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka nge-gonorrhea. Ngesikhathi umuntu ephathwa nge-gonorrhea, kufanele agweme ukuxhumana kocansi.
Uma umuntu ethola ukuthi unegonorrhea, kumele azise abalingani bakhe bezocansi, okufanele bahlolwe futhi baphathwe i-gonorrhea.
I-Chlamydia yi-STD ebikwa kakhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lokhu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukutheleleka kukhulunywa kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-chlamydia zincane noma azikho, abantu abane-chlamydia bavame ukungakwazi ukutheleleka.
I-Chlamydia
Ukutheleleka kwama-chlamydial , njenge-gonorrhea, yisifo esivamile esidala esinesifo esingajwayelekile (ngaphandle kwempawu) amanani kwabesifazane abafana nalawo okwe-gonorrhea, kodwa amazinga aphezulu okutheleleka okungenakuqhathaniswa kune-gonorrhea emadodeni.
Kubangelwa amabhaktheriya okuthiwa i- Chlamydia trachomatis . Njenga-gonorrhea, i-chlamydia ingabangela izinto ezinjengezifo zokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic nokugula. Ukuthola ukutheleleka kokutheleleka kwe-chlamydial kuyatholakala kakhulu emhlabeni wesentshonalanga. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia kuyabiza futhi akutholakali kumazwe asathuthuka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi emhlabeni wonke, ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-chlamydia akutholakali futhi kungaphathwa kabi.
I-Chlamydia Infection Occur
Njengoba igama lesifo esithathelwana ngocansi liphakamisa, i-chlamydia isakazwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komuntu ngesikhathi sokubeletha okungalondoloziwe, ubulili, noma ngomlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-chlamydia ingadluliselwa kusuka kumama ukuya emntwaneni wayo osanda kuzalwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa komama. Ngisho noma umuntu olala ocansini usengozini yokutheleleka, abanye abantu banengozi enkulu kunazo zonke.
- Amantombazane asebancane anengozi enkulu ngoba umlomo wesibeletho awululwanga ngokugcwele. Ngenxa yalokhu, izici zokuzivikela zomlomo wesibeletho ovuthiwe azikho, okusho ukuthi intombazane esencane isengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
- Ngenxa yokuthi i-chlamydia ingasakazwa ngesikhathi socansi ngomlomo nangesilwane kanye nobulili besifazane, amadoda alala namadoda abe nengozi yokutheleleka.
Ziyini Izimpawu ZakwaClamydia?
Amaphesenti angama-75 abesifazane nabesifazane abangamaphesenti angu-50 abanesifo se-chlamydia abangenayo izimpawu. Kodwa kulo lonke, izimpawu zivela cishe ngemva kwamasonto amathathu emva kokutheleleka.
Kwabesifazane, lezi zimpawu zifaka:
- Ukukhishwa kwamagciwane
- Ukuvutha noma ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama
- Ubuhlungu besisu kanye / noma obuphansi emuva
- I-nausea
- Fever
- Ubuhlungu ngezocansi
- Ukuphuma kwamagciwane phakathi kwezinkathi
Izimpawu zamadoda zifaka:
- Ukuvutha noma ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama
- Ukukhishwa kwe-penile
- Ukuvutha nokushaya nxazonke kokuvulwa kwesiphithiphithi
- Uma kushiywe kungalashwa, i-chlamydia ingabangela umonakalo unomphela ohlelweni lokuzala. Kodwa-ke, umonakalo odalwa yi-chlamydia ongaphenduliwe ungase ungabonakali ngoba ngokuvamile awekho izimpawu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukwelashwa kwe-chlamydia kunconywa noma ngaphandle kwempawu.
I-Chlamydia iphathwa kanjani?
Ngenhlanhla, ukwelashwa kwe-chlamydia kulula futhi kuyasebenza. Ukwelashwa kungaba nomthamo owodwa we-antibiotic noma isifo sokulwa nemithi yesonto kabili nsuku zonke. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, umsebenzi wobulili akufanele kwenzeke. Abalingani bomuntu one-chlamydia kufanele bahlolwe i-chlamydia futhi baphathwe uma benesifo.
Amantombazane namantombazane asebancane kufanele ahlolwe kabusha ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ngenxa yengozi yokuphindwa kabusha kumlingani ongaphathiswa futhi i-chlamydia enzima engaba khona engayenza ohlelweni lokuzala kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-chlamydia iphathwe ngokuphelele nokuthi ukutheleleka kabusha akukenzekanga.
I-Trichomoniasis
Isifo esivamile esithathelwana ngocansi i-trichomoniasis sithinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane kodwa izimpawu zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Lesi sifo sibangelwa i- single -cell parasite okuthiwa i- Trichomonas vaginalis. I-Trichomoniasis ibangela izimpawu cishe ngamaphesenti angu-50 abesifazane besifo. Emadodeni, ukutheleleka kuvamise ukuguqulwa kwamanzi (i-urinary tract) futhi kuthatha isikhathi esifushane.
Kodwa-ke, amadoda adlulisela kalula ama-parasite kulabo besifazane ngesikhathi esifushane uma benesifo.
I-Trichomoniasis Infection Occur?
I-Trichomoniasis isakazwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komuntu ngokuxhumana okungavumelekile kocansi. I-vagina yisayithi elijwayelekile kakhulu lokutheleleka kwabesifazane kanye ne-urethra (i-urinary tract) yiyona evame kakhulu emadodeni. Abesifazane bangatheleleka ngamadoda noma besifazane ngokuxhumana ngqo kocansi. Amadoda noma amaningi avame ukwelashwa ngabesifazane.
Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Trichomoniasis?
Uma kwenzeka izimpawu , zivame ukuvela zingakapheli amasonto amane okuvezwa. Izimpawu kubesifazane zifaka:
- Ukuvuvukala komzimba
- Ukuthunga okumnandi, ukukhishwa kwamagciwane okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Ubuhlungu ngezocansi kanye / noma ukuchama
- Ukucasuka kwama-vaginal nokushaya
- Ubuhlungu besisu (okungavamile kepha kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile)
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-trichomoniasis baneengozi eyengeziwe yokuzalwa nomntwana ozalwa okungenani amakhilogremu angu-5 ("ukuzala okuphansi") kanye / noma ozalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Iningi lamadoda anezimpawu ezimbalwa noma azikho. Uma benayo izimpawu ngokuvamile ziba mncane futhi azihlali isikhathi eside kakhulu. Zihlanganisa:
- Umzwelo wokucasula "ngaphakathi" wepenis
- Ukukhishwa kwe-penile
- Ukuvutha emva kokuvuthwa kanye / noma ukujula ("cumming")
- Ukuvuvukala komzimba kungandisa ingozi yokutheleleka nge-HIV kwabesifazane. Futhi, ukutheleleka kwe-trichomoniasis kwabesifazane abane-HIV kwandisa ingozi yokudlulisela i-HIV kumlingani wesilisa ocansini.
I-Trichomoniasis iphathwa kanjani?
Abesifazane baphathwa kalula ngomthamo owodwa we-antibiotic okuthiwa i-Flagyl (metronidazole). Emadodeni, ukutheleleka kwabo kuvame ukuhamba ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi abantu bavame ukungakwazi ukutheleleka kwabo, bangaphinda bahlukumeze abalingani babo besifazane kaningi. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kokubili abalingani kunconywa lapho omunye umlingani etholakele. Ngale ndlela, ama-parasite angaphulukiswa kokubili abalingani futhi umjikelezo wokutheleleka kabusha ungamiswa.
I-Trichomoniasis Ingabanjwa Kanjani?
- Ukusebenzisa i-latex ikhondomu njalo othintana naye ocansini.
- Umsebenzi wezocansi kufanele ume, kufanele kwenziwe ukuxilongwa, futhi ukwelashwa komuntu kanye nabo bonke abalingani bocansi kumele banikezwe uma kukhona izimpawu zokutheleleka.
- Umsebenzi wezocansi kufanele ume kuze kugcwaliswe ukwelashwa futhi zonke izimpawu zixazululwe.
> Umthombo
> Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Kwezifo, "I-Chlamydia - CDC Fact Sheet"; Kubuyekezwe u-Okthoba 2016
> Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Kwezifo, "I-Gonorrhea - I-CDC Fact Sheet"; Kubuyekezwe u-Okthoba 2016
> Amasevisi Okulawula Ukugula, "I-Syphilis - I-CDC Fact Sheet"; Kubuyekezwe ngo-February 2017
> Amasevisi Okulawulwa Kwezifo, "I-Trichomoniasis - I-CDC Fact Sheet"; Kubuyekezwe ngo-July 2017