Isibonakaliso sibonwe ekutheleleni kokuqala kanye nesifo esilandelayo
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezivame kakhulu ze- HIV yisifo se-lymphadenopathy, ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes emagumbini (ama-axillary nodes), ubuhlungu (ama-node inguinal), intamo (ama-node womlomo wesibeletho), isifuba (ama-node mediastinal), nesisu (amantombazane omzimba).
Nakuba ukuvuvukala kungahle kuhlotshaniswe ngqo ne-HIV, ikakhulukazi ezinyathelweni zakuqala, kungaba umphumela wesifo sengculazi nesingenayo i-HIV ngezifo kamuva.
Anatomy of Lymph Nodes
Ama-lymph nodes amancane, izitho ezinobhontshisi ezisakazwa kuwo wonke umzimba oyingxenye yesistimu yomzimba. I-Lymph, i-fluid ecacile-emhlophe equkethe ukutheleleka-elwa namaseli omzimba omzimba, ihlungwa ngokusebenzisa i-lymph nodes ngokusebenzisa ama-capillary amancane enethiwekhi. Kusemigqeni i-lymph ehlanzwa ngaphambi kokuba ibuyele ekujikelezeni.
Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic aluhlanganisi nje kuphela ama-lymph nodes kodwa i-spleen, thyroid, amonsils, adenoids, nama-lymphoid tissue.
Izimbangela zeLymphadenopathy
I-Lymphadenopathy yisibonakaliso sokweqile kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kanye nesici sezinkinga eziningi ezithatha isikhathi eside ( OIs) . Akuyona isibonakaliso sokulimala noma isisu kodwa kunalokho kubonisa ukuphendula okunamandla esimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela.
Ngesikhathi sokutheleleka okusheshayo , njengoba i-lymph idlula ema-lymph nodes, amangqamuzana omzimba omzimba namanye ama-microbes azoqala ukuqoqa ngaphakathi kwezigulane. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi uhlelo lubuyele emuva ngokuphumelelayo, okwenza ukuthi ama-node avuleke, ngezinye izikhathi abe nesilinganiso esingaqondakali.
I-Lymphadenopathy ingenzeka kunye noma izingxenye eziningi zomzimba, isibonelo esingasitshela okuningi ngalokho okwenzekayo.
- I-lymphadenopathy yendawo yukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes engxenyeni ethize yomzimba, cishe ngenxa yokutheleleka okuseduze. Izibonelo zifaka ukutheleleka komphimbo okwenza ukuvuvukala kwamazinyo omlomo wesibeletho noma ukutheleleka kwe-chlamydial okudala ukuvuvukala kwama-node inguinal.
- I-lymphadenopathy ejwayelekile yilapho kuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes emzimbeni wonke, okuphakamisa ukuguqulwa kwesistimu, ukutheleleka komzimba wonke njengokungukukhuhlane, ukutheleleka kwe-mononucleosis , isifo sofuba, i- toxoplasmosis , i-leukemia, kanye ne-HIV.
- I-lymphadenopathy ejwayelekile eqhubekayo (PGL) uhlobo oluphikelela, kaningi ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokutheleleka okungapheli okungaphenduliwe njengesifo sofuba nesandulela ngculaza. I-PGL ingaqhubeka iminyaka noma ngisho neminyaka.
Ngesinye isikhathi i-lymph nodes ngokwayo ingagcwala futhi igciwane. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-lymphadenitis.
Izimpawu zeLymphadenopathy
Ama-lymph nodes angavuvukala angabonakala noma angabonakali. Eqinisweni, ukungahambi kahle nobuhlungu ngokuvamile kuwuphawu lokuqala lwe-lymphadenopathy ngaphambi kokuqala ukuvuvukala kwangempela. Ngisho noma zingabonakali kalula, ungase uzizwe izinombolo ezikhulisiwe ngaphansi kwesigubhu, nxazonke entanyeni, ngemuva kwezindlebe, noma ku-groin.
Kwezinye izimo, ungase uzizwe node eyodwa, ekhulisiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kube khona iqoqo lezingqungquthela ezivuvukile ezisezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba.
Ngesikhathi ama-lymph nodes ejwayelekile futhi ebuhlungu, ngezinye izikhathi angaba nobuhlungu obukhulu. Isikhumba esimboza ama-nodes singase sibomvu futhi sifudumele kulokhu okuthinta.
Umkhuhlane ungahamba nawo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokutheleleka okukhulu.
Ukwelapha i-Lymphadenopathy
Kubantu abanesandulela ngculaza, izindlela zokuqala zokwelapha i-lymphadenopathy yi- therapy ye-antiretroviral . Ngokunciphisa ngokuphelele i-HIV kumazinga angabonakali , ukucindezeleka kuma-lymph nodes kungancishiswa kakhulu. I-Lymphadenopathy ivame ukunyamalala phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga uma ukwelashwa kuqalwa.
Ngisho noma i-lymphadenopathy ibangelwa i-O, imithi yokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane isabhekwa njengento efanele. Ngokuphatha i-O ngenkathi kugodla i-HIV ngemishanguzo ye-antiretroviral, umuntu uzoba nethuba elingcono kakhulu lokubuyiselwa komzimba nokuvimbela izifo ezizayo.
Uma i-lymphadenopathy ebuhlungu kakhulu, isidakamizwa esingapheliyo sokuvimbela (NSAID) esingaphezu kwe-counter -inflammatory singasiza. Lokhu, kanye ne-compress efudumele, kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuvutha noma ukuvuvukala.
> Umthombo:
> UKayellielli, F .; Vallone, C .; Tanko, M. et al. "Ama-lymph nodes kanye ne-pathogenesis yokutheleleka nge-HIV-1." Izifo ezithathelwanayo zeLancet. 2015; 10 (2): 71-72.