Okudingeka Ukwazi Kwabo Abanolwazi Lokuphila Okuningi
Ukuguga kokubili kuyisibusiso nesiqalekiso. Kuyisibusiso ngoba okunye ukuyeka ukukhula. Okwamanje, kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokwenza lokho futhi akuyona into enhle.
Isiqalekiso sihlobene nazo zonke izindlela imizimba yethu ephule ngayo yobudala. Isikhumba esinomzimba, amathambo aphikisayo, ukuhamba kancane kanye nazo zonke lezo zinhlanzi nezinhlungu zihlela ukwenza kube sengathi sengathi sonke siyakhubeka ngaphandle kwengozi.
Ungesabi! Awuzange ugugile ngokuba obuthakathaka.
Ubuqili ukwazi ukuthi izinto zihluke kanjani kulabo abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuningi okuphila futhi bazi ukuthi ungenzani ukugwema ukulimala noma ukuphatha. Wonke umuntu uneminyaka ehlukene ngokuhlukile futhi kunabaningi abakhulile ababukeka sengathi baneminyaka engu-40 futhi bathuthele njengabo abangama-30. Osemncane uzizwa futhi uhambe (isivinini sokuhamba yisisindo somuntu owodwa sempilo asebekhulile) Uzodinga amathiphu alesi sihloko. Uma ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okwedlulele kuyi-weekend yakho yokuzilibazisa, kungenzeka ukuthi awudingi ukunakekelwa okwehlukile kwezilonda izinyembezi zesikhumba.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uthola ukulimala kalula noma ukuphaphaza okuvela kubonakala sengathi ululaza ngokumelene nombhede, funda ukuze ubone ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nalezi zinselelo ezikhethekile.
Isikhumba Esinyameni
Njengoba sikhula, isikhumba sethu siba mncane kakhulu futhi sihlangene kancane phakathi kwezingxenye , okusho ukuthi ungqimba oluphezulu (i-epidermis) aluxhunyiwe kancane ku-ungqimba wesibili (i-dermis).
Ungaba nomuzwa wokuthi lolu shintsho ngendlela yendlela ephezulu yokwahlula kwesikhumba ezungeze kalula. Ukuchayeka kwelanga kunomsebenzi omkhulu ngokulimala, futhi ungase uzizwe ushintsho ngokusobala ngokuqhathanisa izindawo zomzimba ezivame ukukhanya kwelanga nezindawo ezingekho.
Isikhumba esinomzimba kulula ukulimaza ngomzamo omncane kakhulu.
Okujwayelekile esikubiza ngokuthi ukuvuswa kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isikhumba" lapho kwenzeka kubantu abanesikhumba esibucayi kakhulu. Akekho oyofa ngesikhumba, kodwa umonakalo ungabonakala futhi ubheke ukwesaba okukhulu. Izinyembezi zesikhumba zivame kakhulu ezingalweni kunanoma yikuphi lapho (izingalo zinezinto eziningi zokuzichazela, kokubili ilanga nokuzihlahlela izinto). Imikhumbi yegazi emadermini (imivimbo evame ukubonakala njengemigqa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) iba yincwajana eningi ngesikhumba esincane futhi ingaqhuma ngokucindezela okuncane, okwenza izihlungu .
Indlela yokuphatha ukulimala ngesikhumba esincane:
- Yiba mnene. Isikhumba esinomzimba esivele siqothuliwe sizokhipha njengesikhumba se-peach uma ungaqapheli. Shintsha noma yikuphi ukuphawula kwesikhumba okulenga. Ngisho nokuqothulwa, ikhava engcono kakhulu yezilonda eziluhlaza, ezivulekile yisikhumba esasikhona ekuqaleni. Uma isusiwe ngokuphelele, ungayibuyisela emuva. Kuleso simo, ngeke kube nemisipha yegazi yokudla i-flap futhi igcine iphila.
- Ungasebenzisi i-tape! I-Adhesives iyisitha sekhanda elincane. Emanzi, isikhumba esincane sinamathele kakhulu ku-tape futhi ngeke sisuke. Ukumboza noma yiziphi izilonda ezinesikhumba zokwenziwa, okubukeka futhi uzizwa zifana kakhulu nokugoqa nge-plastic. Akuyona into efanayo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa izinto zokusiza zokuqala ezifanele. Ukuze ubambe konke okukhona, ikakhulukazi engalweni noma emlenzeni, sebenzisa ukugoqa okungahambisani nokuhambisana. I-bandage ehlanganisiwe izosebenza, kodwa kukhona amabhandeshi emakethe okunamathela kubo kuphela, hhayi kunoma iyiphi enye indawo. Labo baphelele ngalolu hlobo lwesilonda.
- Gcina ihlanzekile. Amanzi yimizimba engcono kakhulu yezinyembezi zesikhumba. Ukugcoba ngamanzi okupompoza kuyindlela yokuhlanza lolu hlobo lokulimala. Kumele ihlanzwe kanye ngosuku futhi ihlanganiswe kabusha ukuze ivumele ukuphulukisa kahle.
Isikhumba esibi ngeke sikwazi ukubekezelela iziqu . Isikhumba asikwazi ukubamba impahla ye-suture futhi sizovele sidabule ngaphezulu-njengesiqephu sephepha elibanjwe nge-perforated. Ukwehlukanisa akuyona inkinga ngalolu hlobo lesikhumba. Kungase kube nzima, kodwa lokho kusho ukuthi kuphulukiswe, yilokho esikufunayo. Gcina isilonda sihlanzekile futhi sivaliwe ngosizo lwama-non-adhesive wraps, bese unikeza isikhathi esiningi.
I-Brittle Bones
I- bone ephukile yithemba eliphukile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lineminyaka engu-8 ubudala noma uneminyaka engu-80 ubudala.
Umehluko phakathi kwalaba ababili ukuthi amathambo aneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala athambekele ekuqhekezeni njengegatsha elihlaza elivela emthini omncane, kanti amathambo angama-80 ubudala angase atholakale.
Ukwelapha ukuphulwa kwalabo asebekhulile akuyona into ehlukile kuneziguli ezincane. Kulula ukuwaphula kuqala.
Indlela yokuphatha amathambo aphukile:
- Musa ukuhambisa isiguli. Isiguli esesimweni esiyingozi kungadingeka ukuba sishukumiselele ukuphepha kwakhe, kodwa ukuvimbela lokho, musa ukuhambisa isiguli.
- Immobilize ukulimala. Ukuze uhlukanise kahle ukulahleka okungahle kwenzeke, ukuvimbela ithambo endaweni yokulimala futhi ukuvimbela amalunga ukuba ahambe futhi ahlukanise nokuhlukunyezwa okusolakala (amajoyina angenhla nangaphansi kwawo). Isibonelo, isikhumbuzo esingahle siphukile kufanele sigqokwe, kanye nesigqoko nesandla esihlalweni esifanayo.
- Shayela ukulimala. Phatha ukuphuka okungahle kwenzeke ngokucindezeleka okungekho emaminithini angama-20 ngaleso sikhathi ngemva kokulimala. Ungalokothi ubeke iqhwa ngqo esikhumbeni-njalo uqiniseke ukuthi kukhona uhlaka lwendwangu phakathi kweqhwa nesikhumba. Sebenzisa umbuso we-20/20: imizuzu engu-20 futhi imizuzu engama-20.
- Ukumboza nge-bandage yokucindezela (njengesibopho se-ACE). Ukucindezeleka kusiza ngokuvuvukala.
- Ukuphakamisa umlenze olimele, uma kunokwenzeka. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, thola ukulimala ngaphezu kwenhliziyo. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola lokho okuphezulu, akukho nkinga. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi isifuba sakho esiqhekekile asikhathele phansi kwakho. Uma iqhubeka iphinde iphinde ikhubeke kakhulu.
- Yiya kudokotela. Uzodinga i-x ray, ngakho-ke uma udokotela wakho engeke akwenze lokho kuwe, kuzodingeka uye emtholampilo noma kumnyango ophuthumayo ongakwazi.
Wonke amathambo athola okungcono kakhulu kuneminyaka yobudala, kodwa ezinye ziyinkinga kakhulu. Amangqamuzana abangela izinkinga njengoba athola ama-brittle angaphezulu, ama-hips, i-humerus (i-bone upper arm), i-radius (elinye lamathambo angaphambili) kanye nezimbambo. Ukuhlukana kwe-Skull kunamathuba amaningi kubantu asebekhulile kuneziguli ezindala ezincane.
Phuma
Ukuphuka ukuthi isiguli esasikhulile esasikhulile singakhula ngaphandle kokukhululeka okungaholela ekuqhekekeni okulimazayo kubantu abadala asebekhulile. I-Hips iyinkimbinkimbi ikakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, ikakhulukazi ngokuma nokuma kwayo. Ama-Hip fracture ayenzeka ekhanda le-femur, ithambo elikhulu elangeni. Inhloko ye-femur ibhola elincane, elizungezile elixhunywe emzimbeni omkhulu wesifazane ngensipho encane. Ukuwa phezu kwe-hip kungafaka ingcindezi enkulu kuyo, okuholela entanyeni yezinsikazi eziphukile.
Ama-Hip fractures abukeka ngokucacile kuningi lamacala. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuphuka kwe-hip ngaphandle kwezimpawu zakudala, kodwa uma izibonakaliso zikhona, umlenze usuvele uphukile. Izimpawu zokuphuka kwe-hip zifaka:
- Umlenze ophukile unomfushane kunomlenze ongenalutho.
- Umlenze ophukile uphenduke ngaphandle, okusho ukuthi umlenze olimele ufuna ukuphumula ngamadolo nezinyosi ezikhomba emlenzeni omuhle.
- Kubuhlungu ngempela, kubi kakhulu. Futhi ithenda uma uyithinta.
I-hip ephukile kusho ukuthi uzobiza i-ambulensi. Ungazami ukuhambisa umlenze noma ukubeka isisindo kuso. Uzodinga i-x ray futhi cishe ngeke ucabange imithi ethile yobuhlungu.
Ukuvimbela ukuwa kungcono kunokuzama ukuthola ukwelashwa uma uwile futhi uphule okuthile. Qinisekisa ukuthi azikho izintambo ezivulekile phansi. Faka imisindvo noma uphathe ngendlela yokugezela kanye nokugeza. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, hlala usebenza, okuyinto imithi engcono kunazo zonke ngenhla.
Imithombo:
Afilalo J, et al. "Ukusheshisa Ngokushesha Njengendlela Yokunciphisa Ukushona Nokufa Okukhulu Emagceni asebekhulile aphethwe yi-Cardiac Surgery." J Am Coll Cardiol . 2010 Nov 9; 56 (20): 1668-76. doi: 10.1016 / j.jacc.2010.06.039. I-PubMed PMID: 21050978.
I-Verma SK, et al. "Ukulimala Nokulimala Okuhlobene Nezimpikiswano Phakathi Kwabantu Abahlala Emphakathini E-United States." PLoS One . 2016 Mar 15; 11 (3): e0150939. i-doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0150939. eCollection 2016. I-PubMed PMID: 26977599; I-PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4792421.