Bheka udokotela wakho uma unesisindo sebele
Ngesikhathi sokuzihlola kwebele , ungase ubone izitshalo noma ushintsho ekuthunjweni kwebele. Nakuba lokhu kungesabisa, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi akuzona zonke izimbungulu ezinomdlavuza.
Noma kunjalo, uma uthola inhlama, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngaso leso sikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungaba nzima ukucacisa ukuthi ngabe isilonda sinamandla yini noma siyingozi , futhi ngokuvamile indlela ewukuphela kokukwazi ukuthi iwukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo njenge-mammogram, i-ultrasound, i-MRI, noma i-biopsy (lapho isampula yesikhumba isusiwe futhi ibheke ngaphansi kwe-microscope).
Kukhona izinguquko eziningi zebele zesisu ezingasilingisa umdlavuza webele , ngisho nasezifundweni ze-imaging, ngakho lokhu kungaba yisikhathi esinzima uze uthole izimpendulo ozidingayo.
Nakuba ungase ukhathazeke ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo ukuze ubone ukuthi kwenzekani esifubeni sakho, khumbula ukuthi ngisho nasesimweni esibucayi kakhulu somdlavuza webele, izicubu eziningi ziphathwa kakhulu, ikakhulu lapho zitholakala kusenesikhathi.
Ake sibheke izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezibilini zesifuba ezinobuthi (ezingekho komdlavuza), kanye nezibonakaliso ezibuhlungu kanye nezibonakaliso zezilonda zesifuba somdlavuza.
Ama-Basics ku-Breast Cysts
I-cyst yebele isisaka esingenabungozi esikhwameni esinezikhukhula ezingakhula kahle ngaphakathi kwezicubu zesifuba. Ama-cysts asebelekile ajwayelekile kakhulu futhi ayengavamile ukuhlanganiswa nomdlavuza webele. Zivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala abasesimweni sokuqala (isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini sokuya esikhathini lapho owesifazane eyeka izikhathi), kodwa angenzeka ngempela kunanoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Brest Cyst
I-cyst yebele ivame ukuzizwa ibushelelezi futhi igxile. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ucindezela nge-cyst, kuzodingeka abanye banikeze , njengombhaluni wamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cyst yebele ingahamba futhi ingashintsha ngosayizi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini .
I-cysts yesisu ingaba nobuhlungu uma ikhulu futhi igxila endaweni yethenda.
Lokho kusho ukuthi ungase uzizwe noma uzizwe ubuhlungu nje ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
Indawo ye-Brest Cysts
Ama-cysts angama-breast angatholakala eduze, noma ejulile ngaphakathi, eduze kwendonga yesifuba sakho. Uma i-cyst isondelene ne-surface, kulula ukuthola futhi kulula ukuhlukanisa nezinye izibani. Kodwa-ke, uma kungaphakathi ngaphakathi, kunzima ukuhlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo zezinyosi zesifuba, ngoba uma ucindezela kuso, empeleni uzama ukusebenza ngokusebenzisa izicubu zesifuba, okungenzeka kube mnandi futhi uqine.
Ukuthola i-Cyst
Ama-cyst angeke atholakale ngokuhlolwa kwesifuba se-clinic noma i-mammogram kuphela. Esikhundleni salokho, udokotela cishe uzohlehlisa i-ultrasound yebele, ngoba amagagasi omsindo adlula nge-cysts egcwele oketshezi, ngokumelene nokuphindaphinda ezinqumeni eziqinile. Endabeni yama-cysts aqinile, ukuhlolwa okuningi, njenge-biopsy kungadingeka.
Uma kwenzeka i-cyst egcwala amanzi, udokotela angase athathe isampula ye-cyst fluid ngokwenza isifiso esihle senaliti nge-syringe. Le nqubo isusa umkhuhlane ngaphakathi kwe-cyst. Uma i-cyst ihlukumezeka futhi i-fluid ayiyona enegazi, lokhu kuyi-cyst yebele. Ukwehliswa kwesiliva kwesifiso sebele, yilokho ngokuvamile i-cyst ixazulula ngokuphelele lapho umklamo uhoxisiwe, ukuze ungasadingeki ukhathazeke (nakuba ama-cysts elula ehlala eshaya njalo).
Okuyisisekelo kwi-Breast Fibroadenomas
Ama- fibretenomas e- Breast yizinambuzane ezinobungozi ezinama-glandular kanye nezicubu ezixhunyiwe futhi zivame ukutholakala kubesifazane abaneminyaka engama-20 no-30, kodwa zingenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngenkathi ama-fibroadenomas ngokwawo enobungozi, akhulisa ingozi yabesifazane yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza webele esikhathini esizayo, izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi nesigamu (noma ngaphezulu) kunowesifazane ongenalo ushintsho esifubeni sakhe.
Uhlobo lwe-Fibroadenoma nendawo
I-fibroadenoma izozizwa njengebhola lesifuba esisodwa futhi ngokuvamile liqinile. Ngokuvamile ingashukunyiswa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwebele.
I-Fibroadenomas ivame ukuhlala eduze kwesifuba bese izwa kalula, nakuba amanye angase abe mncane kakhulu ukuba angazizwa.
Kulesi sibonelo, i-fibroadenoma ingase itholakale ngokuzenzakalelayo emzimbeni.
I-Fibroadenoma Diagnosis kanye nokwelapha
Kudingeka i-biopsy ukuxilonga i-fibroadenoma; Kodwa-ke, ngisho ne-biopsy, udokotela wakho angase ancoma ukususwa kwe-fibroadenoma ukuba iqiniseke ngokuphelele ukuthi ayikho umdlavuza webele (futhi uma ukhona, ukuyiphatha, yebo). Ngaphandle kwe-lumpectomy, ukuphumula kwe-radiofrequency ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-fibroadenoma. Kunezinye izinhlobo zokwelashwa kwe-fibroadenoma , nakuba eziningi zazo zisetshenziswa kancane kancane.
Okuyisisekelo Kwezinye Izibeletho Zokubeletha
Kunezinye izimo eziningi ezingabangela izibilini zesifuba ezinobuthi , ezinqandeni , noma ezinomdlavuza. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
I-Ductal noma i-Loperr Hyperplasia
I-aperptic lobular hyperplasia kanye ne- atypical ductal hyperplasia yizimo ezibhekwa njengesiqine. Ngamanye amazwi, lezi zindebe azikona umdlavuza, kodwa ukwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthi ungathuthukisa umdlavuza webele.
I-Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) ne-Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)
Bobabili i- LCIS ne- DCIS bangumdlavuza , kodwa njengoba lezi zicubu zingakabhidli into ethile eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-membrane engaphansi," azibhekwa njengengenangqondo. (Isigaba I kuya ku-IV somdlavuza wesifuba sonke sibhekwa njengesihlasela). I-carcinoma in situ ibhekwa isigaba somdlavuza wesi-0.
I-Adenosis
I-Adenosis yisimo esibucayi lapho kukhuliswa khona ama-lobul of the breast. I-Adenosis ingabangela inhlama ezwa njenge-cyst noma i-tumor futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuhlukanisa nomdlavuza ngoba ngokuvamile kubangele ukubalwa kwamammogram.
Ama-Phyllodes Tumors
I- phyllode isisu sesifuba yisifo esingavamile esingase sibe sinobungozi noma esibi. Njengoba izifo ze-phyllode ezinobungozi zinomkhuba wokuba zimbi, lezi zicubu ziphathwa ngendlela efanayo. Amancelisi amaningi asebele aqala amangqamuzana abizwa ngamaseli e-epithelial akha ama-carcinomas. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izicubu ze-phyllodes zenzeka kumaseli ase-mesenchymal (amangqamuzana angama-tissue cells) kanti izicubu empeleni ziyi-sarcomas.
I-Papillomas ye-Intraductal
Ama-papilloma ama-intraductal yizinhlayiya eziqala emathangeni obisi we-ingono futhi zivame ukuphawula ngokutholakala kwezinsipho. Nakuba lezi ziphunga zivame ukubola, uma zinezifunda ze-hyperplasia ezingenasifo, zingase zihlotshwe ingozi yomdlavuza.
I-Fat Necrosis nama-Oil Cysts
Lapho amabele abonakaliswa ukuhlinzwa noma ukuhlukunyezwa, izicubu ezinzima zingase zikhule. I-necrosis ye-fat ingase ivele yimuphi ozwa sengathi inhlama elukhuni, noma esikhundleni salokho, amafutha e- benign ama-cysts angenzeka. I-fat necrosis ngezinye izikhathi ingesabisa njengoba, ngaphezu kwalokho, ingabangela ukuxoshwa kwebele kanye nokwehliswa kwe-ingono nesikhumba, izimpawu abesifazane abafundiswa ukuyibuka lapho benza izivivinyo zebele. Ngisho ne-PET scan fat necrosis ingalingisa umdlavuza, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy iyadingeka ukutshela umehluko.
Isisu
Ukutheleleka kwebele, i-mastitis ivame ukuhambisana nokubomvu, ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-mastitis nomdlavuza wesifuba ovuvukalayo , okuvame ukuqala ngokubomvu, ububele, nokuhlaselwa, kunokuba kube nomswakama.
Duct Ectasia
I-ectasia yama- mammary iyimvelo enobungozi lapho amathanga ebisi abanjwe khona futhi evuvukala, ngokuvamile edala ukukhishwa kwegreyish. Kungabangela ihlumela elincane ngaphansi kwe-nipple yakho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukuba ingono ibuyiselwe ngaphakathi. Kuyinto evamile kakhulu kwabesifazane abaseduze nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
Amahlaya omsindo
Izibazi zomswakama ziyisimo esingavamile esingase sibe nesineke, esingenakuqapha noma esinomdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi azibangela inhlama ongazizwa kodwa ingase ibonakale njengendwangu emulmogram. Ubuningi obuhambisana nokuqothuka kwe-radial ku-mammogram kuvamise ukuphambana futhi kunganciphisa kalula umdlavuza. I-biopsy ivame ukudingwa, ikakhulukazi ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase ahlanganiswe nocingo lwamalahle.
Ezinye ze-Benign Breast Changes
I-Lipomas noma ezinye izicubu ezinobuthi noma izibungu zihlanganisa i- hamartomas , izibeletho zebele , i-hemangiomas, i-adenomyoeptheliomas, ne-neurofibromas kungenzeka.
I-Canast Metastatic
Ngezikhathi ezingavamile, ama-metastases avela kumdlavuza kwezinye izifunda zomzimba, njengomdlavuza wekolon noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu, angabangela isifuba esisha sebele.
Okuyisisekelo kwi-Cancer Breast
Umdlavuza wesibeletho uyisilonda esibi esenziwe ngamangqamuzana angamajwayelekile webele webele, ekhula ngendlela engalawulwayo engase isakaze kumathisini akhona noma ezinye izitho.
Ukwakhiwa kanye nendawo yeCanscer Breast
Isilonda sesifuba esibi siyoba nesimo esingavamile (nakuba ngezinye izikhathi singase sibe nxazonke) ngendawo ebanzi, ngokufana nebhola legalofu. Ngokuvamile kunzima kakhulu, njengengxenye yesanqante eluhlaza. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke kuhanjiswe ngesikhathi sesifuba sokuzihlola, kepha njengoba izicubu ezizungezile zingase zithuthele, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukwazi ukuthi isilonda sithutha noma uma izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile zihamba. Ngokuvamile umdlavuza wamabele awunamaphutha, kodwa umdlavuza webele ungabangela ubuhlungu bebele , ngakho-ke noma ngabe isifuba sebele sinethenda ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
Umdlavuza wesibeletho ungatholakala eduze noma ngaphezulu ngaphakathi kwebele, eduze nodonga lwesifuba. Kungase futhi kwenzeke endaweni ye-armpit, lapho kukhona khona izicubu zesifuba ("umsila" webele). Indawo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke i-quadrant yangaphezulu, yangaphandle yesifuba, kepha isisu singase senzeke noma kuphi.
Ukwelashwa Kwebele Ngesifo Sebele
Ukuhlolwa kwesifuba semitholampilo kanye ne-mammogram kungasiza ekuxilongweni, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka i-ultrasound noma i-MRI. Ngisho nazo zonke lezi zifundo ze-imaging, kungase kube nzima ukwazi ukuthi inhlama iyinhlamba noma iyingozi. I-biopsy ivame ukuvame ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nesikhumba futhi yindlela kuphela yokuhlukanisa phakathi komdlavuza nesimo esingenomdlavuza. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindlela ezahlukene zokwenza i-biopsy yebele, kuhlanganise ne-biopsy yenaliti, i-core biopsy, noma i-biopsy evulekile, futhi inketho engcono kakhulu iyoxhomeka endaweni yesikhumba nokuningi.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesifu kuxhomeke esiteji lapho kutholakala khona. Ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa kungabandakanya i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal, ukwelapha imishanguzo, imithi ehlosiwe, noma imishanguzo emisha, efundiswa ekuvivinyweni kwemitholampilo.
Izwi elivela
Ekugcineni, i- biopsy yebele kuphela kuphela engakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwesifo somdlavuza noma isisu ngokubhekene nesisu sezinyosi noma isisu. Futhi kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izimo ezithile zebele zesisu ezinjenge-papillomas noma hyperplasia ye-atypical-zingandisa ingozi yowesifazane yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza webele esikhathini esizayo.
> Imithombo:
> Larribe, M., Thomassin-Piana, J., no-A. Jalaguier-Coudray. Amanqamu Okubeletha Ngama-Round Lumps: Ukuhlangana Phakathi Kokufanekisa Ne-Anatomopathology. Ukuzihlola nokuziphendulela kwangaphakathi . 2014. 95 (1): 37-46.
> Lehman, C., Lee, A., noCee Lee. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25341156. I-AJR American Journal of Roentgenology . 2014. 203 (5): 1142-53.
> Valeur, N., Rahbar, H., noT. Chapman. I-Ultrasound ye-Masters Breast Masses: Yini okufanele uyenze ngeLumps and Bumps. I-Radiology yezingane . 2015. 45 (11): 1584-99.