Izindlela Ezijwayelekile I-Hepatitis B Isakazeka
I-virus ye-hepatitis B isakazwa lapho igazi, isisu noma omunye umthamo womzimba ovela kumuntu onegciwane ungena emzimbeni womunye umuntu. Ngenxa yokuthi igciwane litheleleke ngokweqile - izikhathi ezingu-50 kuya kwezingu-100 ngaphezu kwe-HIV - ngisho nokufushane, ukuxhumana okuqondile kungokwanele ukudala ukutheleleka.
I-Hepatitis B Isakazwa Kanjani?
I-virus ye-hepatitis B ibangela i-hepatitis B, uhlobo lokutheleleka kwesibindi.
Kunezindlela eziningi igciwane elingasakaza, kufaka phakathi okulandelayo.
Ukuxhumana ngocansi
Ukuba nezocansi ezingalondekile nomuntu osuleleke yiyona ndlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke i-hepatitis B isakazwa e-US nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile. Cishe ingxenye emibili yesithathu ye-hepatitis B ekuthelelekeni e-US isakazwa ngendlela ethile yokuxhumana kocansi. Ngaphezu kwegazi, igciwane litholakale ku-semen kanye namanzi asemzimbeni. Ngisho ukumanga kungasakaza isifo sofuba esibhedlela , nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa
Abasebenzisi bezidakamizwa ababelana nge-syringes kanye nemishini yezidakamizwa banomngcipheko owengeziwe wokuthola igciwane. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-16 esifo sokusha kwesibindi se-B esukela ku-IV ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Le nengozi yokutheleleka yandisa isikhathi eside umuntu esebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa zokujola.
Ukuthunyelwa komama kuya kwezingane
Emazweni anezinga eliphezulu le-hepatitis B, ukudluliselwa komama kuya kosana (okubizwa nangokuthi ukuhanjiswa okuqondile noma kokubeletha) kuyimbangela enkulu yokutheleleka okusha.
Ezinye izindawo zinenkinga enkulu yempilo yomphakathi ngoba inani labamama abathintekayo babulala izingane zabo, futhi lezo zingane zinethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa ukutheleleka okungapheli kunabantu abathintekile ekukhuleni. Kodwa-ke, uma kunakekelwa kahle kwezokwelapha, izinyathelo zokuzivikela eziphumelelayo (ukugonywa kwesibindi se-hepatitis B kanye nesifo se-hepatitis B immune globulin) zingalimaza izifo eziningi zobuntwana.
Ukuthintana Komndeni
Ukuhlala nomuntu one-hepatitis B engapheli kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka. Ezinye zalezi zingozi kungenzeka ngenxa yokwabiwa kwezinto ezithile zasendlini. Noma yini engase iqukathe igazi elingenayo igciwane kanye nomswakama womzimba inamandla okusakaza igciwane le-hepatitis B. Ngenxa yokuthi igciwane lingaphila ngaphandle komzimba okwesikhathi esithile, izinto ezithile, njengezinsazi, ama-toothbrushes nama-clipper, zingamakhilomitha ahamba phambili okudluliselwa kuwo.
Indlela Yokuvimbela Ukudluliswa Kwesifo Se-Hepatitis B
Phakathi kuka-2 no-6 amaphesenti abantu abadala abanesifo sengculazi esibelethwe yi-hepatitis B bazoba nesifo sofuba esingapheli B. Isifo esiphezulu se-hepatitis B singaholela ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi nomdlavuza wesibindi, ngakho ukuzivikela kubalulekile.
Ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B kuyindlela ephephile futhi ephumelelayo (kubantu abangaba ngu-9 kwabangu-10) ukuba babe nokuvikelwa isikhathi eside ngokutheleleka kwesifo sofuba B.
Ngisho noma umuntu angazuza emtholampilo, abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola igciwane - ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo, indlela yokuphila noma umlando wezokwelapha - bakhuthazwa kakhulu ukuba bagonwe.
Emazweni amaningi, izingane zigonyelwe kusukela ebuntwaneni ngoba zivezwe ngesikhathi sokuzalwa noma ngenxa yokuthi zazuza ohlelweni lokugoma lwe-hepatitis B ebuntwaneni.
I-Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG), enye indlela yokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesifo sofuba B. Lokhu kusebenzisa ama-antibodies okugxile ekuhlinzekeni ukuvikelwa okusheshayo. Ngokusho kwamaCentral for Disease Control and Prevention, unikezwa njengesibhamu futhi ingahlinzeka ukuvikeleka okwesikhashana (cishe izinyanga ezintathu) ngokumelene nesifo sofuba esibhedlela B.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukugoma kwe-hepatitis B akuvikela ukulwa ne-HIV, isibindi C noma ezinye izifo zisakazwa ngezocansi futhi zixhumana negazi, kusadingeka ukuthi uqhubeke usebenzisa amasu okuzivikela ayisisekelo. Ukusebenzisa ubulili obuphephile nokungahlanganyeli izinaliti Kunconywa - ngisho noma ungenwe yisifo sofuba B.
Ulwazi Olwengeziwe Ngomuthi Wokugoma I-Hepatitis B
- I-Hepatitis B nomgomo wokuthi kungani uyidinga
- Ingabe Udinga I-Vaccination B?
- Kungani Izingane Zami Zidinga I-Hepatitis B Vaccine?
Imithombo:
Ukudluliselwa kwesibindi nesibonakaliso. Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo.
Lokho Okudingeka Ngikwazi Ngokuphathelene Ne-Hepatitis B. I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse.
I-Teo. E., Lok, A. Epidemiology, Transmission, kanye nokuvimbela i-Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Kusesikhathini. 2009.