Ukukhomba Izimbangela, Izinkinga, Nezici Zengozi
Uma uthola ukuthi une- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) , kungase kube nezikhathi lapho izimpawu zokuphefumula ezinzima zizovele zivele zivele khona. Sibhekisela kulaba njengokwenyuka kwe-COPD.
Ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD kuhlobene ngoba bahlukumeza isimo esivelele. Nge-COPD, noma yikuphi ukulimala okubangelwa amaphaphu kuhlale kunomphela futhi kungaqeda ukusheshisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
Ngokuqonda ukuthi yini eyenza i-COPD ikhuphuke, ungase ukwazi ukugwema ama-flare-ups noma ukuphatha kangcono izimpawu uma futhi zivela nini.
Izimbangela
Ukutheleleka kwama-bacterium kanye namagciwane wamapayipi (njenge- pneumonia ) yizinto ezivame ukudala i-COPD njengoba bebhema, ukungcola komoya, ukutholakala kwamathambo atshisayo, iphunga elimnandi, nezilonda ezinamandla ezinjengothuli, impova, nesilwane sesilwane. Ngalokho kuthiwa, cishe nxazonke kwezingxenye ezintathu, isizathu asikaze sitholakale.
Ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD kuvamise ukuba kwenzeke kakhulu kubantu abathile abahlukunyezwa noma abahambisani nomuthi onqunyiwe. Phakathi kwabantu abahlinzekwa ukwelashwa, ukukhushulwa kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke uma:
- Ukubhema akukwenziwe ngokuphelele.
- Ama-inhalers amafushane nesikhathi eside awasetshenziswanga kahle.
- Imithi yomlomo ayithathi njengoba ishiwo.
- Umuntu kuphela uncike ekunakekeleni izidakamizwa futhi akahlanganyeli ohlelweni oluphelele lokuvuselelwa kwamapulmoni .
Ngenxa yokuthi i-COPD ingahluka kusuka komunye umuntu kuya kwesinye, udinga ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukuklama uhlelo lokulashwa olufanele isimo sakho nendlela yokuphila. Asikho isixazululo esisayizi-esisodwa-sonke isixazululo uma kuziwa ku-COPD.
Izimpawu
Ngesikhathi ukukhushulwa okunamandla kwe-COPD, amaphaphu azobhekana nokuqiniswa kwezindima zomoya, ukwanda kwe-mucus, nokuvuvukala okubangelwa ukuvuselelwa kwamasosha omzimba omzimba.
Izimpawu ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:
- Ukuphefumula ( dyspnea )
- Ukukhwehlela okwandayo noma okungenayo i-mucus ebonakalayo
- Ushintsho embala, ubukhulu, noma inani le-mucus
- Ukushisa
- Ukuqina kwesifuba
- Fever
Ukwelapha
Ukukhwabanisa kwe-COPD kungavame ukuphathwa nge- bronchodilators yokusiza evula amavesi angaphansi komhlaba futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingasetshenziswa kuye ngesigaba seCOPD kanye nobukhulu bezimpawu.
Phakathi kwazo:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni
- I-Glucocorticosteroids (ngokuvamile ivuliwe ngesikhathi se-flare-ups)
- Ukuvuselela ukuphefumula
- Ama-antibiotics ukuphatha noma yikuphi ukutheleleka okugciwane kubaktheriya
Kubantu abanezifo eziphambili noma labo abanenkinga yokuphefumula okukhulu, ukunakekelwa esibhedlela noma ukunakekelwa kwezingane zasendlini kungadingeka. Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya i-glucosteroids enomzimba kanye ne- ventilation engavamile (lapho i-oxygen tube efakwa khona emoyeni).
Amathiphu ayishumi ayisithupha okuvimbela
Ukuvimbela ngaso sonke isikhathi kuyindlela engcono yokuphatha ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD. Ukwengeza ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba kunqunywe, unganciphisa izigameko ze-flare-ups ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- Yeka ukubhema ngokuhlanganyela ohlelweni lokwelapha ngokugcwele.
- Thola ukugonywa kokubili imishanguzo ye-pneumococcal kanye ne-booster shots.
- Thola ukudubula komkhuhlane waminyaka yonke okunganciphisa ingozi yokugula okukhulu ngamaphesenti angu-50.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo ukuze uthuthukise umthambo wegazi nomzimba wokuphefumula. Ngisho noma unezifo eziphuthumayo, ukusebenza komzimba njalo kungathuthukisa kakhulu impilo yakho kanye nekhono lokusebenza.
- Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo ukuze ulahlekelwe isisindo uma ukhuluphele noma uthola isisindo uma unesisindo esiphansi.
- Geza izandla zakho njalo ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka.
- Gwema izixuku ngenkathi ebandayo neyomkhuhlane.
- Bheka i-allergen uma ujwayele ukwelashwa kwesikhashana. Hlala endlini futhi uvale amafasitela ngesikhathi sokuphakama kwesimiso sokungabi naso, bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokumisela i-antihistamine efanele.
- Ungalokothi uvumele i-inhaler yakho iphume . Qinisekisa ukuthi zihlanza njalo ukuze zingavaliwe uma udinga kakhulu.
- Thola ubuthongo obuningi ukuze ugcine isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sisesimweni esihle kakhulu.
Imithombo:
> Dhamane, A., Moretz, C., Zhou, T. et al. "Imvamisa yokukhwabanisa kwe-COPD kanye nokuhlangana kwayo nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yezempilo kanye nezindleko." Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10: 2609-18. I-DOI: 10.2147 / COPD.S90148.
> I-Global Initiative ye-Lung Dung Acute (GOLD). (2017) Isu Lomhlaba Wonke Lokuthola Ukuxilongwa, Ukuphathwa Nokuvimbela I-COPD .