I-mononucleosis (infonoous) i-mono) yisimo esivame ukubangelwa igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) noma, ngokuvamile, i- cytomegalovirus (CMV) . Ngezinye izikhathi i-Mono ibizwa ngokuthi "isifo sokuqabula" ngoba isakazwa ngamathe kanye nokuxhumana okude. Izimpawu zesisu somzimba, izilonda ze-lymph ezivuvukala, izikhwama ezandisiwe, nokukhathala okwedlulele ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu kubantu abasha kanye nabantu abadala futhi zingadlulela ezinyangeni ezimbili, nakuba umuntu angacatshangelwa izinyanga eziningana.
UMono uphathwa ngokuphumula nokunakekelwa izimpawu.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-mono zingahlukahluka komunye nomuntu futhi zingabandakanya ezinye noma zonke ezilandelayo, ezingase zivele ngezikhathi ezahlukene ngesikhathi sokugula:
- Ukukhathala (ngokuvamile ngokweqile)
- Ukushisa kwama-degrees angu-100 kuya ku-degrees 103 okubi kakhulu ebusuku
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Ukuvuvukala kwe-lymph glands entanyeni nasezimpungeni
- Ukuvuvukala amathoni okungenzeka noma angabi nawo ama-patches amhlophe kubo
- Isibindi esivuvukile noma ipeni
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Izinwele
- I-Jaundice
- Rash
- Ukunciphisa ukudla
Lapho izingane ezincane zithola igciwane le-mononucleosis, izimpawu zabo zingase zibe yizinto ezincane futhi zingabandakanya ukudla okuncane nokucasula. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ama-tonsils angase avuvuke ngokwanele ukuze adinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela.
Ngoba izimpawu ze-mono zingasondelana kakhulu nomswakama- mpilo-okudingeka ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics-kubalulekile ukubona udokotela. Kufanele uhambe ekamelweni eliphuthumayo uma ungakwazi ukugwinya noma ube nomkhuhlane ophezulu ongakwazi ukuwulawula.
Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-mono ingabangela izinkinga zenhliziyo, ngakho-ke thola ukwelapha ngokushesha uma unesifo esifubeni, ukuphefumula ubunzima, noma ezinye izimpawu zenhliziyo. Thintana nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezibuhlungu noma ezingacacisiwe ze-mono.
Izimbangela
I-Epstein-Barr virus iyimbangela eyinhloko ye-mono , kodwa ukutheleleka yi- cytomegalovirus (CMV) kungaveza njengesifo esifanayo.
Kukhona nezinye izifo eziningana ezithathelwanayo ezikhiqiza izifo ezifana ne- Toxoplasma gondii . Izimpawu zivame ukwakhiwa amasonto amane kuya kweyisithupha emva kokuba uthola igciwane.
Ngeminyaka engu-5, ingxenye engaba yingxenye yezingane isulelekile nge-EBV, ngokuvamile enezimpawu ezimbalwa noma ezingekho. Amaphesenti angaba ngu-95 abantu abadala asebephethwe yi-EBV. Intsha kanye nabantu abadala abasenayo igciwane njengengane yilabo abasengozini yokuthuthukisa izimpawu ze-mononucleosis.
Igciwane ikakhulukazi lisakazwa ngamathe kanye nokuxhumana okufutshane. Ngaphandle kokumanga, kungasakazeka ekuphuzeni izindebe nokudla izitsha. Iphinde isakazelele kwezinye izikhukhula zomzimba ezifana ne-mucus, igazi, isisindo, kanye nokuvinjelwa kwesifazane. Abantu bahlala besandulela izinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokutheleleka.
Igciwane alisuki kodwa lihlala limile. Unamandla okuphinde asebenze uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka. Ungaba nesifo esithathelwanayo (ngokuchitha "igciwane) futhi ukwazi ukusakaza i-EBV kwabanye.
Ukuxilongwa
Kubalulekile ukutholwa udokotela ngoba izimpawu zifana nezinye izifo ezinemikhakha ehlukene yokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzovame ukuhlola ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuyala umsebenzi wegazi noma ukubeka ukwelashwa.
Uzobe esibheka izitho zamaphilisi ezivuvukala entanyeni nasezikhungweni ezikhukhumele , ezingase zibekwe ezimhlophe ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi. Ezimweni ezinzima, udokotela angakwazi ukuzwa isibindi esikhulu noma ipeni lapho uqhuma esiswini sakho.
Uma udokotela esolisa i-mono, angase alawule umsebenzi wegazi ozovame ukuveza inani eliphakeme kunelijwayelekile lamaseli amhlophe egazi (amangqamuzana alwa nokutheleleka). I-Mono ivame ukutholakala yizimpawu zakho noma ngokuhlola amazinga akho e-antibody ku-EBV noma i-CMV.
Ukwelapha
Njengoba ukugula kubangelwa igciwane, ukwelashwa kuhloswe ekulawuleni izimpawu . Ayikho ikhambi noma umuthi wokugoma we-mono.
Kufanele uqale ukuzizwa ungcono ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, nakuba kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu ukubuyisela ngokugcwele.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-mono kuhlanganisa ukwenza lezi zinto:
- Thola ukuphumula okuningi, okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili ebusuku.
- Phuza amaningi amanzi angenayo i-caffeinated futhi ugweme utshwala, njengoba isibindi sakho singase sishaye.
- Ukuze uphathe ubuhlungu obukhulu bomlomo , zama amanzi afudumele usawoti noma ususe emzimbeni we-throat. Ama-cold fluids nawo asiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki nokuvuvukala.
- Imithi eminingi efana ne-Tylenol (i-acetaminophen) ne-Motrin (ibuprofen) iyasiza ekunciphiseni umkhuhlane nokuphatha ubuhlungu bomlomo . Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma umuthi wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa imithi engaphezu kwe-counter nemithi yokwelashwa.
- Imidwebo ayidingi kangako, kepha i-corticosteroids ingasetshenziswa uma amathoni ekhulisiwe kangangokuba avimbela ukuphefumula nokugwinya.
- Gwema imidlalo yokuthintana kuze kube yilapho usuphelile ngokuphelele; imisebenzi enjalo ingabangela ukuba ipeni ekhulisiwe iphuke.
Izwi elivela
Ukuthola i-mono kungaphazamisa impilo yakho, kufaka phakathi izibopho zesikole noma zomsebenzi. Kungakhungathekisa ukuzwa ukukhathala nobuhlungu futhi ungabi nephilisi elula ukuthatha lokho kuzokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ungase uzizwe uphefumulelwe ukuba ubuyele esimisweni sakho esivamile njengoba izimpawu zakho ziqala ukwehlisa. Khumbula ukuthi umzimba wakho usalokhu ulwa njengoba uqala ukuzizwa ungcono. Ungazicindezeli. Ukunakekela ukuthola ukuphumula ngokwanele nokugcina ukudla okunempilo kuzokusiza umzimba wakho ukubhekana negciwane bese uthola lesi siqephu.
> Imithombo:
> I-Epstein-Barr Virus ne-Infectious Mononucleosis. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-mono.html.
> Izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-Mononucleosis. I-University Health Service University of Michigan. https://www.uhs.umich.edu/mono.
> Mononucleosis. I-MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000591.htm.