Ngo-Mashi 2013, umfundi wekolishi osemusha onomdlavuza obunzima kakhulu wadla ikhukhi equkethe amantongomane. Wabe esehlakulela kakhulu i- anaphylaxis , kepha umndeni wakhe awuzange usebenzise i-Epi-Pen yakhe ngoba usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi seludlulile, futhi opharetha abangu-911 wabatshela ucingo ukuthi angalisebenzisi. Ngesikhathi umfana ekugcineni ethola i-Epi-Pen injection edivayisini yomakhelwane, sekuphuzile kakhulu: umfundi wafa ngalobo busuku esibhedlela sendawo.
(Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akucaci ukuthi uma ukusebenzisa i-EpiPen esiphelelwe yisikhathi ngabe ishintshe umphumela walesi senzakalo esibuhlungu.)
Ukudla kokudla: Inkinga ekhulayo
Ukusabalalisa kokudla kokudla, ikakhulukazi emanzini kanye namantongomane emithi , kukhula, ngamazinga kabili ngokuphindaphindiwe kuya kwamanye amazwe emazweni amaningi eminyakeni eyishumi nambili edlule. Ukudla okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi kumantongomane nasezinhlanzi zasolwandle, kungaba nzima futhi kusongela ukuphila, futhi kunamacala amaningi okushisa okubangelwa ukulimala okubikwayo okubikwa minyaka yonke. Ngokuyinhloko, akukho ukwelashwa kokudla kokudla, nakuba inombolo encane yezikhungo zocwaningo zenza izifundo zokuzivikela nge-immunotherapy ngezifo ezithile zokudla , njengezinkukhu, ubisi namaqanda. Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwemithi yokudla kuwukugwema ukudla okusobala , kanye nokwelashwa kokuphendula okweqile okungase kwenzeke ekungeneni ngengozi kokudla.
I-Epinephrine njenge-Treatment of Choice for Allergies
Ukwelashwa okwenzelwe i-anaphylaxis kuzo zonke izimbangela, okufaka phakathi ngenxa yokudla komzimba, kungenwa yi-epinephrine.
Eqinisweni, amacala amaningi e-anaphylaxis abulalayo ahlobene nokuntuleka, noma ukulibala, ukuphathwa kwe-epinephrine. Ama-kits epinephrine angenayo angena kumikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne- EpiPen, i-Twinject, ne-Avi-Q . Wonke lawa madivayisi anempilo yamashefu emfushane ngenxa yokungazinzi kwe-epinephrine: cishe unyaka owodwa kusukela ngosuku lokukhiqizwa.
I-Epinephrine ihlehliswa ngokuchayeka ekukhanyeni, emoyeni nasezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi batusa ukuthi i-epinephrine igcinwe endaweni emnyama ekamelweni lokushisa, kepha hhayi efrijini. Ngeshwa, ngoba ama-kits epinephrine angenakutholakali asetshenziselwa futhi ayabiza kakhulu, kuvamile ukuthi abantu (ngokungazi noma abangazi) bagcine izinkinobho ze-epinephrine eziphelelwe yisikhathi.
Isiphelelwe yisikhathi i-Epinephrine Isakulungile Ukusebenzisa?
Ngakho-ke uma kuvamile ukuba abantu baphelelwe kits epinephrine kitshizi, bekungaba kuhle ukuwasebenzisa ekwelapheni i-anaphylaxis ? Lo mbuzo oqondile wahlolwe yiqembu labacwaningi eCanada futhi washicilelwa ngonyaka ka-2000. Leli qembu laqoqa i-EpiPens laphelelwa yisikhathi futhi laqaphela ukuthi i-epinephrin yayiphethwe yini ngaphakathi kwayo. I-potency ye-epinephrine yayinqunywe ngezindlela ezimbili: Ukuthatha amasampuli egazi kusuka kunogwaja ngemuva kokujova nge-EpiPens esephelelwe yisikhathi, kanye nokwenza izivivinyo zamakhemikhali esilinganisweni sesisombululo esisele esise-EpiPens ngemuva kokusetshenziswa. Ukulinganisa okutholakala ku-EpiPens esiphelelwe isikhathi kuqhathaniswa nezilinganiso ezivela e-EpiPens engapheli isikhathi.
Ngenkathi zombili izindlela zifundiswa ukuthi i-EpiPens ephelelwe isikhathi iqukethe i-epinephrine encane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-EpiPens engaphelelwe yisikhathi, kwakusenani lemali eliphakeme elimangalisayo le-epinephrine kuma-EpiPens aphelelwe yisikhathi.
Ngisho ne-EpiPens eyayineminyaka engu-5 ukuya kwengu-7 edlule idethi yokuphelelwa isikhathi esedlule yayinezingcingo ezingaphezulu kwezingu-70% zesilinganiso sokuqala esisisele kudivayisi. Ama-EpiPens amaningi aseminyakeni emibili kuya kwemi-3 edlule usuku lwawo lokuphelelwa yisikhathi lalingaphezulu kuka-90% we-dose yangempela esele.
Isiphetho: I-Epinephrine Endala Kungenzeka Kungcono Kunayo i-Epinephrine
Abalobi becwaningo olukhulunywe ngenhla baphetha ngokuthi kubalulekile ukugcina i-epinephrine engenayo isikhathi esiphelelwe yilapho ithola ukwelashwa okunzima kakhulu, okufana nalabo abangelwa ukwelashwa kokudla. Kukhona ubufakazi obucacile bokuthi ama-kine epinephrine aphelelwe yisikhathi aphelelwe yisikhathi aqukethe i-epinephrin encane kunezinkinobho ezingapheli isikhathi.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba izinkinga ze-epinephrine eziphelelwe yisikhathi eziphelelwe yisikhathi - ngisho nalabo abaneminyaka eminingi ubudala - ziqukethe inani elilinganiselwe le-epinephrine elihlosiwe ekuqaleni, kufanele lisetshenziselwe ukuphatha i-anaphylaxis uma kungekho enye i-epinephrine etholakalayo. Inzuzo engaba khona yokwamukela umthamo omncane ongcono kunayo yonke ye-epinephrine ingase ibe ngaphezu kwengozi yemfundiso yokusebenzisa i-epinephrine kit engaphelelwe yisikhathi. (Abalobi banconywa ngokusebenzisa nanoma iyiphi i-epinephrine kit ejoqayo, iphelelwe yisikhathi noma cha, equkethe i-epinephrine evuliwe noma izinhlayiyana ngaphakathi kwe-epinephrine, ngenxa yezizathu ezingachazwe esifundweni sabo).
> Umthombo:
> Simons FER, Gu X, Simons KJ. I-EpiPen ne-EpiPen Jr Autoinjectors esedlule J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000; 105: 1025-30.