I-vagus nererve iyinhlangano ende kakhulu kunazo zonke zesistimu ye-neon autonomic futhi ingenye yezinzwa ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni. I-vagus nererve isiza ukulawula izici eziningi ezibucayi emzimbeni womuntu, kuhlanganise nesilinganiso senhliziyo, ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukujuluka, ukugaya nokukhuluma. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isayensi yezokwelapha sekuyisikhathi eside ifuna izindlela zokumisa umsebenzi we-vagus nerve.
Iyini Inhlanzi Ye-Vagus?
I-vagus nerve (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-craneal nerve 10) iyisimbali eside kakhulu esivela ebuchosheni futhi igxila phansi entanyeni nasesifubeni nesisu. Inikeza ukungenwa enhliziyweni, imithwalo yegazi emikhulu, imimoya yomoya, amaphaphu, isisu, isisu, kanye namathumbu.
Ngenkathi kukhona ngempela ama-vagus nerve (ngakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla), odokotela ngokuvamile bawabhekisela ndawonye ngokuthi "i-vagus nerve."
I-vagus nerve isiza ukulawula imisipha eminingana yomphimbo kanye nebhokisi lezwi. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokugcina umuthi wamathumbu ekusebenzeni. I-vagus nerve ibuye ithwale ulwazi oluzwayo kusuka ezitho zangaphakathi emuva ebuchosheni.
Kungani I-Vagus Nerve Ibalulekile?
Mhlawumbe ukubaluleka okukhulu kwe-vagus nerve ukuthi ingumuthi omkhulu we-parasympathetic yomzimba, ohlinzeka ngamafayili e-parasympathetic kuwo wonke amalungu amakhulu ekhanda, entanyeni, esifubeni nasesisu.
I-vagus nererve ibangela i-gag reflex (kanye ne-reflex yokukhwehlela lapho umthamo wezindlebe ushukumiseleka), ukunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukulawula ukujuluka, ukulawula umfutho wegazi, ukugqugquzela i-peristalsis yegciwane lesisu, nokulawula ithoni ye-vascular.
Ukugqugquzela ngokungazelelwe kwe-vagus nerve kungenza lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i- reflex vasovagal ," equkethe ukuwa kwegazi ngokungazelelwe nokunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Lokhu kuveza kungabangela ukugula kwamathumbu noma ukuphendula ubuhlungu, ukwesaba noma ukucindezeleka okungazelelwe. Abanye abantu ikakhulukazi bayathandana ne-refaso ye-vasovagal, futhi ukushintsha kwegazi nokushintsha kwenhliziyo kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo - isimo esibizwa ngokuthi " vasovagal syncope ."
Ukuvuselela ngokweqile kwe-vagus nerve kubonakala nakwezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ama- dysautonomias .
Ukukhuthaza i-vagus nerve kungaba nemiphumela yokwelashwa (njengokumisa iziqephu ze -tachycardia engaphezulu (i-SVT) noma i-hiccups), futhi ingasiza odokotela ukuxilonga izinhlobo ezithile zenhliziyo ezibubulayo. Ukuvuselela kwe-Vagal kungatholakala kalula ngokusebenzisa umkhondo we- Valsalva .
I-Vagus Nerve ne-Heart
I-vagus nerve efanele inikeza i-node ye-sinus, futhi ukuvuselela kwayo kungaveza isono sinus bradycardia . I-nerus ye-vagus yesokunxele inikeza i-AV node, futhi ukuvuselela kwayo kungaveza uhlobo lwe- block block . Kuyinto ngokukhiqiza i-heart block block ukuthi umkhondo we-Valsalva ungaqeda izinhlobo eziningi ze-SVT.
I-Vagus Nerve In Therapy Therapy noma i-VNS Therapy
Ngenxa yokuthi i-vagus nerve inezinto eziningi ezibalulekile, isayensi yezokwelapha iye yathandeka emashumini eminyaka embonweni wokusebenzisa i-vagus nerve stimulation, noma i-vagus nerve blocking, ekwelapheni kwezokwelapha.
Kwaphela amashumi eminyaka, isimiso se-vagotomy (ukusika i-vagus nerve) kwakuyisifo esiyisisekelo somuthi we- peptic ulcer , ngoba lokhu kwakuyindlela yokunciphisa inani le-peptic acid elikhiqizwa yisisu. Kodwa-ke, i-vagotomy yayinemiphumela eminingana emibi, kanti ukutholakala kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo manje sekuncane kakhulu okujwayelekile.
Namuhla, kunesithakazelo esikhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwabathuthukisi be-electronic (okuyisisekelo, ama- pacemakers aguquguqukile) ukuze kuvuselelwe ingcindezi ye-vagus nerve emzamweni wokwelapha izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha. Amadivaysi anjalo (okubhekiswe kumadivaysi avuselela ama-vagus nerve, noma amadivayisi we-VNS) asetshenziswe ngempumelelo ukuze aphathe abantu abanesifo esiwumfutho esiyinkimbinkimbi esibangelwa ukwelapha izidakamizwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-VNS ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuphatha ukucindezeleka okuphazamisayo.
Ngoba uma unenkanyezi konke kubukeka njengezipikili, izinkampani ezenza amadivayisi we-VNS ziphenya ngokusetshenziswa kwazo kwezinye izimo eziningi ezibandakanya ukushisa komfutho wegazi , i- migraines , i- tinnitus , i- fibromyalgia nesisindo sokulahlekelwa.
Kukhona ngempela ukwethenjelwa kwezicelo ezinjalo ze-VNS. Kodwa-ke, amandla eqiniso we-VNS azovela uma i-hype ishintshwa ubufakazi obuqinile bempilo.
> Imithombo:
> Henry TR. Izindlela zokwelapha zokuvuthwa kwe-Vagus Nerve. I-Neurology 2002; 59: S3.
> Morris GL 3, i-Gloss D, i-Buchhalter J, et al. Ukubuyekezwa Kwesiqondiso Esisekelwe Ebufakazi: Ukuguqulwa Kwemigodi Yokuguqula Ukwelashwa Kwe-Epilepsy: Umbiko Wekhomishana Yokwengamela I-American Academy of Neurology. I-Neurology 2013; 81: 1453.
> Shuchman M. Ukwamukela i-Vagus-Nerve stimulator for Depression. N Engl J Med 2007; 356: 1604.