Kulesi sihloko esizungezile, zonke izici ezihlukene ze-lymph nodes zihlanganisiwe, ngakho-ke indawo enhle ukuqala. Uma unombuzo mayelana nama-lymph nodes, kungenzeka ukuthi sifike lapha.
1. Ukuvuvukala kwama-Lymph Glands
Akunjalo ngempela ama- lymph nodes ama-dummies , kodwa lesi sihloko nendawo enhle yokuqala. Kukhona ama-node angama-600 kuya kwangu-700 ama-bean awakhiwe kuwo wonke umzimba.
Ama-lymph nodes ayingxenye yesimiso se-lymphatic - esinye isimiso somzimba esisemzimbeni, esihamba ngogesi lomswakama emigwaqeni, esiza ukususa ubuthi kanye nabahlaseli bangaphandle.
Imibuzo evamile ephathelene nezigulane ezivuvukala noma izilonda zesikhumba ezivuvukalayo ziphendulwa, njenge: Yiyiphi imbangela evame kakhulu yezigulane ezivuvukala? Ingabe i-lymph nodes igulane ngempela? Ngingayitshela kanjani ukuthi i-lump is a lymph node evuvukile, noma enye into ngokuphelele? Ingabe i-lymph nodes ihlale ivulekile ngaphandle kwesizathu? Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto, ngokujwayelekile, ezingabangela ukuthi izilonda zamagciwane ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zivuleke?
2. I- Cancer ne-Lymph Nodes
Leli lihloko oyifunayo lemibuzo enjengale: Kuyini ukuxhumana phakathi komdlavuza kanye nama-lymph nodes? Ingabe kukhona into enjengomdlavuza we-lymph node? Lymph nodes zenzani uma zingenabo umdlavuza? Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza we-lymph node? Ingabe abantu abane- leukemia bane-lymph nodes? Kuthiwani ngabantu abane-lymphoma?
3. I-Lymph Nodes kanye ne-Immune System
Ucabanga ukuthi yini, ngempela, eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-lymph node? Lesi yisihloko kuwe, futhi kwenzeka kanjalo kukhona isixhumanisi semidlalo yevidiyo eyenza ukufunda nge-lymph nodes kumnandi. I-Genentech - inkampani eyaziwa kakhulu ngemithi yayo yokuzivikela, yakhula lo mdlalo okuthiwa i-lymph node labyrinth.
Kuvela ama-lymph nodes okwenzeka ezindaweni - okufana nemakethe emakethe angaphandle, anezindlela ezihamba phambili nezindlela ezihamba phambili nabathengisi abahlukahlukene ukuxhumana nabo. Ekuxubeni kwalesi sibuko esingaqondakali, uzofunda futhi ngama-antigens, amangqamuzana e-killer T kanye nendima yama-antibodies. Ukuze umdlalo ohlobene no-antibody uhlole "I-T cells," umdlalo ofana ne-Angry Birds.
Uma isithakazelo sakho kuma-lymph nodes sithinta kakhulu indima yama-antibodies, hlola ukuthi i- Antibodies Treat Treatcer . Futhi uma lokho konke "into yokubonisa-antigen" ephazamisayo noma ephakamisa intshisekelo yakho, zama indaba ehlukile: I- Cancer-Immunity Cycle .
4. Okungahambisani Nama-Lymph Nodes Abuhlungu
Ngezinye izikhathi noma ngabe i-lymph node iyabuhlungu noma ayinikezi odokotela izinkomba mayelana nokuthi isifo singase sibe yini. Lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona okungafani njalo futhi akukho okulula ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ngokwesibonelo, ukuvuvukala okungenabuhlungu kwesiguli esisodwa noma ngaphezulu kungase kube yodwa uphawu ekuqaleni kwezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma, njenge-follicular lymphoma. Cishe ingxenye yengxenye yabantu abane-lymphoma izokwandisa i-lymph nodes . Lezi nodes azivame ukubuhlungu ekuthinteni, nakuba zingakwazi ukuthenga. Kwamanye abantu, i-lymph nodes ethintekile ingaba buhlungu ngemva kokuphuza utshwala , futhi lokhu kubonakala kujwayelekile kubantu abaneHodgkin lymphoma.
5. I- Lymph Nodes kuma-X-ray kanye ne-CT Scans
Ayikho i- leukemia noma i-lymphoma etholakala yi-imaging. Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kudinga ukuhlaziywa kwesibindi kanye nokuhlolwa kweziningi ze-laboratory ezenziwa kuma-sampuli negazi. Ukucabangela ukuhlolwa kwe-leukemia, ikakhulukazi, kungase kungabi usizo nakwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza owenza izicubu.
Ngokuqondene ne-lymphoma , amaphethini wokubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node okungase avezwe ngisho nangesihlungu somzimba x kungabaluleke kakhulu ekuqaleni, ukusiza ukunciphisa amathuba. Akuwona wonke ama-lymph nodes avuvukile esifubeni angama-lymphoma. Amanye ama-cancer, ukutheleleka nezifo ezingafani nezifo ezifana ne-sarcoidosis kungase kube icala.
6. I- Lymph Nodes eLymphadenopathy
I-Lymphadenopathy yisifo noma ukukhuliswa kwama-lymph nodes . Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-lymphadenopathy - noma amaphethini ahlukene we-lymph node ukuvuvukala.
Ama-lymph nodes angabizwa ngokuthi isifunda, isici esithile noma noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yalezi - kufana namadola aseRussia. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi mayelana nama- lymph nodes we-Retroperitoneal , noma ama-lymph nodes esifubeni esiseduze nenhliziyo namaphaphu - ama- lymph node-mediastinal - izihloko ezithwele lezo zihloko zingcono kakhulu ukubheja.
7. Ama -Lymph Nodes ajwayelekile
Ngakho, yini evamile? Impendulo ixhomeke endaweni ye-lymph node, kanye nokuthi unomshini oqinile kangakanani noma ufuna ukubhekwa node engejwayelekile. Gcina engqondweni, ama-lymph nodes asabela ngokufanele - ukutheleleka, isibonelo-ngokuvuvukala kwenziwa impendulo enempilo esiza umzimba.
Izazi ze-Radiologists ngezinye izikhathi zisebenzisa ubukhulu besilinganiso uma zibuka izitho zamakhansela ezifundweni ze-imaging - futhi kubalulekile ukuthi zibheke kanjani "ubhontshisi" - okuwukuthi, kusukela ohlangothini noma esigabeni esiphambene noma esihlokweni, njll:
- Ama-nodes amaningi esifundeni sezintamo: i-10 mm e-short-axis ingumkhawulo ongaphezulu wokujwayelekile
- Amakhadi ngaphansi komhlathi: 15 mm
- I-Mediastinal (ngaphakathi kwesifuba) i-lymph nodes: 10 mm njengomkhawulo ongaphezulu wokujwayelekile, ububanzi obufushane obuhambayo
Esizukulwaneni sobukhulu be-lymph node - ukuvuvukala noma ukukhulisa - bekuyisikhombisa esibalulekile odokotela besifo. Kuseseqiniso ezimweni eziningi, noma kunjalo, ngoba nje i-lymph node ejwayelekile-akusho ukuthi iphilile ngokuphelele, noma kunjalo. Futhi lokhu kubalulekile lapho ukukhathazeka ngumdlavuza.
Udokotela akakwazi ukuthi uyakhathazeka nge-lymph node uma, ngokusekelwe ku-CT ukuhlola noma ama-ray-ray, akubonakali ukuthi kukhona okungalungile ngakho. Yilapho i- PET / CT ingase ihlinzeke ngamandla engeziwe okuthola . Isibonelo, i-PET ingabonisa ukuthi isifo singama-lymph nodes esijwayelekile futhi sisize ukuhlola izifo ezingaphandle kwe-lymph nodes, kodwa akucaci ku-CT.
> Imithombo:
> Radiopaedia.org. I-Lymph Node Ukwandiswa.
> Cheson BD, Fisher RI, Barrington SF et al. Izincomo Zokuhlola Okuqala, UkuHlola nokuphendula Ukuphendula kweHodgkin no-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Lugano. J Clin Oncol. 2014; 32 (27) 3059-3068.
> Barrington SF, Mikhaeel NG, Kostakoglu L, et al. Indima Yokuzicabangela Ekuhloleni Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Lymphoma: Ukubambisana Kwenkomfa Yomhlaba Yomhlaba Wezinhlelo Zokusebenza Zamafilimu Ezingcolile Zama Malignant Lymphomas Imaging. J Clin Oncol. 2014; 32 (27): 3048-358.
> Smith, Monica. Izincomo ezintsha ze-Lymphoma zikhombisa ukuthuthuka.
> Matthew Stenger. Izincomo ezibuyekeziwe zokuhlola, ukubeka isiteji nokuhlola ukuphendula kweHodgkin kanye ne-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Lugano.