I-Lymphadenopathy: Izifo Noma Ukwandiswa Kwama-Lymph Nodes
Ama-lymph nodes yizakhi ezincane ezizungezile ezikhona kuwo wonke umzimba. Banikeza indlu noma i-enclosure yamaseli - amangqamuzana ajwayelekile amhlophe egazi - ahilelekile ekuvikeleni umzimba womuntu ekutheleleni.
I-Lymphadenopathy ingenzeka ngezizathu eziningana , kuhlanganise okulandelayo:
· Izifo -isizathu esivame kakhulu
· I- Lymphomas kanye nama-leukemi- abaqaphi bamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi
· Amanqamu kwamanye amasayithi adluliselwa kuma-lymph nodes
· Izifo zamasosha omzimba, njenge lupus kanye ne-sarcoidosis
· Uhlu olude lwezifo eziningi ezingavamile.
Intamo, izimpondo, nokugubha yizicathulo zomzimba lapho izilonda ze-lymph ezandisiwe zizwakala kalula. Ukubonakala kwezibani kulezi zindawo kuyisignali ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-lymphadenopathy.
Uma imbangela ye-lymphadenopathy ingacacile, odokotela bangase bacebise ukuthi babe nokuhlolwa okufana ne-needle aspiration cytology, noma i-FNAC. Endabeni yokuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-lymphoma, i-lymph node biopsy - ukususwa kwengxenye noma yonke i-lymph node yokuhlola nokuhlaziywa - kuyadingeka.
Ukwelashwa kwe-lymphadenopathy kuxhomeke esizathu sokukhulisa i-lymph node.
Kungani I-Lymph Nodes Ivuvuka?
Odokotela babheka ukukhuliswa kwe-lymph node ngokuhlukahluka kuye ngezibonakaliso nezimpawu ezihambisana ne-lymph nodes evimba.
Ngezinye izikhathi kucacile ukuthi izilonda zelapho ezivuvukalayo zibangelwa ukutheleleka. Isibonelo, ama-lymph node ekhulisiwe entanyeni ingaba isici esivamile se-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo, isifo esibangelwa igciwane le-Epstein-Barr. Ngesinye isikhathi, izilonda zethempeli ezivuvukalayo zingaziqondakali futhi zidinga ukuphenywa.
Nazi ezinye imibuzo ezivame ukubuzwa mayelana nama-lymph nodes avuvukile:
· Ingabe i-lymph nodes ingakaze ivuleke ngesizathu?
· Ngine-lymph node evuvukile. Ingabe i-lymphoma?
· Iyini imbangela evamile kakhulu yezigulane ezivuvukalayo?
· Ngingayitshela kanjani ukuthi i-lymph node noma enye into?
Ingabe Kunezinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene zeLymphadenopathy?
I-Lymphadenopathy ingaba nezincazelo ezengeziwe, kuye ngokuthi kuphi emzimbeni ama-lymph nodes avuvukile. Ezinye izibonelo kanye nokuhambisana kwazo ne- leukemia ne-lymphoma .
I-Lymphadenopathy yomlomo wesibeletho
Ukuvuvukala kwe-lymph node yomlomo wesibeletho kubhekisela emasimini e-lymph ekhulisiwe esifundeni sezintamo. Lesi yisici esivamile kakhulu sokutheleleka ngegciwane. Ngaphansi kokuvamile, izilonda ze-lymph ezivuvukile entanyeni zingabonakalisa ukulimala. Izingane ezinezifo ze-Hodgkin zikhona nge-adenopathy yomlomo wesibeletho ngamaphesenti angu-80-90 amacala ngokumelene namaphesenti angu-40 alabo abangenawo i-Hodgkin lymphoma.
I-Lymphadenopathy yamasosha
I-lymphadenopathy yasemkhatsini ikhona phakathi kwe-mediastinum. I-mediastinum iyinkulumo engumfanekiso ongacatshangwa njengebhokisi lokucabanga, noma isitsha, nakuwo wonke okuqukethwe kwebhokisi. Cabanga i-cube, emingceleni emibili ngamaphaphu; izinhlangothi ezimbili ngesifuba nesifuba; phezulu kwesitja entanyeni; futhi phansi ngezansi kwesifuba, noma imisipha ye-diaphragm esetshenziselwa ukuphefumula.
Ama-lymph node-mediastinal angazikhulisa ngokwabo, noma kanye nezifo zamaphaphu. I-Hodgkin lymphoma, noma i-HL , ivame ukuqala ngama-lymph node-mediastinal. I-Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, noma i-NHL, ingavela ezinkimbeni zomzimba zesikhashana, futhi; Kodwa-ke, i-NHL ivame ukuba nephethini ehlukile yokubandakanya i-lymph node futhi isakazeke.
Iyini i-Lymphadenopathy ejwayelekile?
Uma kunezigcawu ezingaphezu kwamabili ezihilelekile ezivela ezindaweni ezihlukene, lokhu kuthiwa yi-generalized lymphadenopathy. Ukubandakanya izindawo ezahlukene kungaba yinkomba yokuthi yiziphi izifo ezingase zibe nezibopho. I-lymphadenopathy ejwayelekile itholakala ezingxenyeni ezimbili kwezintathu zezingane ezixilongwa nge-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (KONKE) kanti nengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zezingane ezinomdlavuza we-myeloblastic i-AML).
Isifo se-Hodgkin, uhlobo lwe-lymphoma, yisinye sezizathu ezingabangela ukuthi i-lymphadenopathy ejwayelekile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi abafundi basebenzisa idivayisi yememori elandelayo ukuze bafunde lolu hlu olude lwezimbangela eziyinhloko:
H. Hematologic: Isifo sikaHodgkin, i-leukemia, ne-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
O. Oncologic: I-Metastasis kuya kwe-lymph node, i-melanoma enonya
D. I- dermatopathic lymphadenitis: i-lymph nodes evuvukalayo ekhanda isikhumba sesikhumba esiye saphazanyiswa noma sithukuthelelwa
Isifo sikaG. Gaucher: isifo sezofuzo ezingavamile
Isifo sikaK. Kawasaki: isifo esingajwayelekile esizimele esithinta imithwalo yegazi nokuvuvukala
I. Izifo: ama-bacterial, viral, and parasitic
Isifo se- N. Niemann-pick: isifo sofuzo esihilela umzimba
Isifo se-Serum: ukuphendula ngegciwane lomzimba emithini ethile noma imithi
D. Ukusabela kwezidakamizwa: ukuphendula kwezidakamizwa ezithile
I. Isifo sangasese: isibonelo, i-rheumatoid arthritis ne-lupus
S. Sarcoidosis: isifo sokuvuvukala esingathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba
E. Endocrine: hyperthyroidism
A. I- angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy: lokhu yisikhathi esidala; okwamanje kubhekwa njenge-lymphoma.
S. Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus, noma i-SLE)
E. I-granulomatosis ye-Eosinophilic: isifo sesistimu esihilela ukubonakaliswa kwe-allergen nokuvuvukala
> Imithombo:
I-Lymphadenopathy ne-Malignancy. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/1201/p2103.html.
Ukuqothulwa Kwemithi Ngokwemithi Ephakathi Nezokwelapha. I-Parmar HB. B. Jain Abashicileli.
Agostinelli C, Pileri S. Pathobiology ye-Hodgkin Lymphoma. I-Mediterr J Hematol I-Dis Infect . 2014; 6 (1): e2014040.