Imiphumela ihlanganisa Preeclampsia, Isifo Sikashukela, kanye Nokukhula Okukhawulelwe
Ukukhulelwa kungabangela ukucindezeleka. Yisikhathi sokushintsha okukhulu ngaphakathi komzimba wesifazane, lapho omama abalindele ngokuvamile bezama ukwenza izinqumo ezinempilo ukunikeza ingane yabo engakazalwa ithuba lokukhula nokuthuthukisa ngendlela evamile. Kungenzeka kube nezinguquko zokudla, futhi ukulala kungenakwenzeka ngokucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Iyini imiphumela yezinkinga zokulala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ?
Funda ngemiphumela yokungalali kahle kumama olindelekile, ukukhulelwa ngokwayo, kanye nentombazane ekhulayo.
Izinkinga zomama zibandakanya ukushisa kwegazi kanye nesifo sikashukela
Ukulala okubi kungaphazamisa impilo, futhi kunomthelela obalulekile kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe, okungaholela ekubhekaneni nezinkinga zomama ezinjenge-hypertension kanye nesifo sikashukela sokubeletha. Yini efaka isandla kulobu buhlobo?
Ukuphefumula kokuphefumula nokuvimbela ukulala okuvame ukukhula noma kubi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesibili nesithathu sesithathu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-apnea yokulala ithinta ama-10% wabesifazane abakhulelwe, futhi lokhu ukuphazanyiswa kokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala kungaba nemiphumela emibi, kuhlanganise:
- I-hypertension (i-high blood pressure)
- Preeclampsia
- Isifo sikashukela sofuzo
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ekukhulelwe ukhona lapho ukucindezelwa kwegazi kulinganiswa ukuba kube ngaphezu kuka 140/90 mm Hg ngezikhathi eziphindaphindiwe emva kwamasonto angu-20 wokubeletha kwabesifazane abangenawo umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
Uma amaprotheni ephawulwe emcinini, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-preeclampsia kungenzeka, okuhambisana nokulimala komzimba kumama. I-preeclampsia yandisa ingozi yokufa komama nomntwana.
Eziningi zokuthola zihlotshaniswa ne-preeclampsia. Kuvame ukuvela esimweni sokunakekelwa okungapheli, nabangu-59% wabesifazane besandulela ngculaza abajwayele ukugqoka.
Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala emgwaqweni womoya, okusho ukuthi kunciphise indlela okumele ihambe ngayo emoyeni. Abesifazane abathola isisindo esiningi kakhulu noma abanesigxobo esikhulu sezintambo bangase babe engozini eyengeziwe. Lezi zinto zibangela ukuwa kwe-airway kanye nokuphefumula ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala.
Lezi zikhathi zokuphefumula, okuthiwa i-apnea, zingase zihlotshaniswe nama-surges e-blood pressure. Lezi zinambuzane zingaholela ekushintsheni emithanjeni yegazi futhi zandise umfutho wegazi jikelele. Lokhu kunganciphisa ivolumu yegazi igonywe yinhliziyo, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwenhliziyo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugeleza kwegazi ukuya embungeni nge-placenta kungenziwa ukuthengiswa.
Njengoba kungenele ukugeleza kwegazi kumntwana osathuthuka, kungaba khona amaconsi emazingeni e-oxygen. Lokhu kungaholela ekunciphiseni ukukhula komntwana okhulayo, kanye nemiphumela ekhulelwe yokukhulelwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulahleka okungapheli kokulala kungase kwande ingozi yokukhula ngokweqile nesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko kumthethonqubo we-glucose nokulawula ukudla. Njengoba kukhona ukujwayela okuvamile, kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. I-apnea yokulala okulinganiselwe, okungenani ukuphazamiseka okungu-15 ekuphefumuleni ngehora lokulala, kanye nama- naps ende, kuhlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-glucose.
Indlela Ukulala Okubi Kuthinta I-Fetus Developing
I-fetus ekhulayo idinga ukutholakala okunokwethenjelwa kwezakhi, okufaka oksijini. Uma ukulala kuphazamiseka, ikakhulukazi uma igazi ligeleza ukuya e-placenta lishintshwa, kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
Ukulala okungapheli okwanele, noma ukuhlukaniswa kokulala okujulile, kunganciphisa inani le-hormone yokukhula ekhishwe. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuthuthukiswa noma zokukhula ezinganeni ezingakazalwa.
Kuyaqondakala kahle ukuthi ngisho nokunciphisa amancane amazinga e-oksijeni womama kungase kube yingozi enganeni. Uma i-oxygen i-oxygen iwa, i-fetus iphendula ngokunciphisa kwe-heart rhythm ne-acidosis.
Ukugeleza kwegazi ku-fetus kukhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokulala, futhi amazinga e-oksijeni awela phansi ngesikhathi sokulala ngenxa yokuphefumula i-apnea izoba nomthelela omkhulu.
Ukukhulelwa Ukukhulelwa kanye Nendima Yokungenelela
Ngokusobala, ukugcoba nokuphuza i-apnea kuzokwandisa ingozi yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izinkinga zempilo ezengeziwe ezifana nokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, i-asthma, nokubhema kuzokwenza lezi zimo zibi nakakhulu.
Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yokwethulwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuvinjelwa kokukhula, kanye nezinkinga zempilo ku, noma ukufa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abesifazane abasesigabeni sesithathu abalala ngaphansi kwamahora angu-6 ubusuku bonke babenomsebenzi omude futhi amazinga angama-4.5 aphakeme kakhulu kwesigaba sokugcina uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathola ukulala kwamahora angu-7 noma ngaphezulu. Kungase kube nombono ophakeme wezinhlungu kulabo abalele kancane. Ukwehla kokulala nakho kungaphazamisa ukuqhubekela phambili kokusebenza komsebenzi.
Ikhwalithi enganele noma ubuningi bokulala kunganciphisa umsebenzi womama wosuku nosuku, okungenzeka kubangele izinkinga zokunakekelwa, ukuxilongwa nokukhumbula. Izimo eziphakeme kakhulu zokucindezeleka zingase ziholele. Lezi zinkinga zingathinta ukuxhumana nokuxhumana komphakathi. Kwabaningi besifazane, lezi zinkinga zingase ziqhubekele emasontweni ambalwa okuqala emva kokubeletha, ikakhulukazi ngoba ukuphasiswa kwengane yesikhathi sokuhlwa kungaqhubeka nokuhlukaniswa kokulala.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abesifazane abane-preeclampsia banekhwalithi embi yokulala kanye nokwanda kwe-wave-wave sleep and decrease in fast eye movement (REM) ukulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathatha isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, ukusetshenziswa komfutho we-airway oqhubekayo (CPAP) oqhubekayo kungathuthukisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi nokuphefumula kumntwana. Lokhu kungavumela ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuqhubekele phambili, okuholela ekutheni isisindo sokuzalwa esijwayelekile futhi sithuthukise imiphumela yentsana ekulethwa.
Cishe bonke abesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele, banenkinga yokulala ngesikhathi esithile sokukhulelwa. Iningi lokucindezeleka lihlobene nokungaqiniseki ngokuthi ngabe izinkinga zivamile noma cha. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi ngabe ubunzima bakho bokulala bungathinta ingane yakho ekhulayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Kungaba usizo ukubuyekezwa imikhuba yakho yokulala kanye nezici ezingase zibe nomthelela ekulahlekeni kokulala. Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kanye nokuphathwa kwezinkinga zokulala ezingezansi kuzokwenza ukukhulelwa kube lula futhi kube nemiphumela engcono yomntanakho. Lokhu ekugcineni kuzoholela ekushintsheni okuhle kakhulu kusukela ekukhulelwe kuya kumama okuqala.
Umthombo:
Kryger, MH et al . "Izimiso Nemikhuba Yokulala Imithi." I-ExpertConsult , umagazini we-5, 2011, iphe. 1582-1584.